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Principles of the Theory of Heat by Ernst Mach Pdf
xi should hope for "first and foremost" from any historical investigation, including his own, was that "it may not be too tedious. " II That hope is generally realized in Mach's historical writings, most of which are as lively and interesting now as they were when they appeared. Mach did not follow any existing model of historical or philosophical or scientific exposition, but went at things his own way combining the various approaches as needed to reach the goals he set for himself. When he is at his best we get a sense of the Mach whom William James met on a visit to Prague, the Mach whose four hours of "unforgettable conversation" gave the forty year old, well traveled James the strongest "impression of pure intellectual genius" he had yet received, and whose "absolute simplicity of manner and winningness of smile" captivated him completely. 12 Consider, for example, the first few chapters of this book, Principles of the Theory of Heat, which Mach devotes to the notion of temperature, that most fundamental of all thermal concepts. He begins by trying to trace the path that leads from our sensations of hot and cold to a numerical temperature scale.
The Principles of Thermodynamics by N.D. Hari Dass Pdf
This text presents the conceptual and technical developments of the subject without unduly compromising on either the historical or logical perspective. It also covers the tremendous range of scientifically deep and technologically revolutionary applications of thermodynamics. The text explains how thermodynamics evolved from a few basic laws that were amazingly successful and with tremendous range, without even knowing about the atomic structure of matter or the laws governing the behavior of atoms.
Author : D. Srinivasan Publisher : New Age International Page : 552 pages File Size : 50,8 Mb Release : 2007 Category : Energy transfer ISBN : 8122415024
The Presentation Adopted In The Preparation Endeavors To Convey To The Student In A Simple Manner, A Physical Understanding Of The Processes By Which Heat Is Transmitted And Provide Him Or Her With The Tools Necessary To Get Quantitative Solutions To Engineering Problems Involving One Or More Of The Basic Modes Of Heat Flow. Sufficient Material Has Been Included In The Text To Cater To The Requirements Of The Undergraduate Curriculum. Illustrations Pertaining To The Different Modes Of Heat Transfer And The Design Calculations Of Heat Exchangers Have Been Liberally Included In The Text.The Purpose Of This Book Is To Present A Basic Introduction To The Field Of Engineering Heat Transfer. The Book Begins With A Brief Presentation Of The Importance Of Heat Transfer In Chemical And Processing Industry And The Modes Of Heat Transfer. Chapter 2, Dealing With Conduction, Includes A Few Aspects Of Conduction Phenomenon, Analogy Between Heat Flow And Electricity Flow, Critical Thickness And Conduction With Internal Generation Of Heat. In Chapter 3, The Concept Of Film Coefficients Is Presented And The Relationship Between The Individual And Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients Are Dealt With. The Phenomenon Of Unsteady State Heat Transfer And The Methods Of Solving One Dimensional Transient Heat Conduction Problems Have Been Discussed In Chapter 4, Which Is On Unsteady State Heat Conduction. Also The Application Of Molecular Transport Theory To The Unsteady State Heat Conduction Is Included.In Chapter 5, Which Is On Convection, A General Basic Concept, The Application Of Dimensional Analysis In The Case Of Forced And Free Convection, The Heat Transfer From Fins, The Heat Transfer To Fluids In Laminar Flow Inside Tubes, Heat Transfer From Condensed Vapours And Boiling Heat Transfer Are Included. The Various Types Of Heat Exchangers, The Concept Of Capacity Ratios, The Effectiveness Of Heat Exchanger, The Log Mean Temperature Difference, The Number Of Transfer Units (Ntu) And Calculations Pertaining To Heat Exchanger Design And The Effectiveness-Ntu Relationship Have Been Discussed In Chapter 6, Which Bears The Title 'Industrial Heat Exchange Equipment'.In Chapter 7, Which Is On Thermal Energy Transfer By Radiation, The Basic Concepts And Theory Of Radiation Are Presented. In Chapter 8, Which Deals With Evaporation, The Basic Concepts And Definitions, Boiling Point Elevation, Types Of Evaporators, Single And Multiple Effect Evaporation, The Occurrence Of Heat Transfer In Evaporators And The Analysis Of Performance Calculations Of Multiple Effect Evaporators Are Discussed At Some Length. Chapter 9, The Final Chapter, Presents A Brief Review Of Heat Transfer Principles.
The first objective of statistical mechanics is to explain the fundamental laws of thermodynamics from first principles based on the atomic structure of matter. This problem was attacked successfully first by MAXWELL and CLAUSIUS in studies on the kinetic theory of gases. It will be treated briefly in Sec. II-A, to gain some understanding and experience before dealing with more general problems. The second objective is then to calculate thermodynamics quantities from the microscopic laws governing the atomic motion. Whenever we try to lay the foundation of thermodynamics on an atomistic theory, we are confronted with a very strange situation. The thermodynamical state of a system is defined uniquely by only a few quantities, such as pressure, volume, energy, temperature, flow velocities, etc. In contrast, the atomistic descrip tion needs an enormous number of variables to define a state, e. g. , positions and velocities of all the atoms involved in classical mechanics or Schrodinger's wave function of the corresponding N body-problem in quantum mechanics. Classical mechanics, for instance, can predict the future development only if all the positions and velocities are known, say at time t = O. The number of values needed for this 23 purpose is of the order of 10 . Actually, only a few parameters are at our disposal from thermodynamics. Therefore, from thermodynamics we know almost nothing about the atomistic situation.
Heat Transfer Principles and Applications by Charles H. Forsberg Pdf
Heat Transfer Principles and Applications is a welcome change from more encyclopedic volumes exploring heat transfer. This shorter text fully explains the fundamentals of heat transfer, including heat conduction, convection, radiation and heat exchangers. The fundamentals are then applied to a variety of engineering examples, including topics of special and current interest like solar collectors, cooling of electronic equipment, and energy conservation in buildings. The text covers both analytical and numerical solutions to heat transfer problems and makes considerable use of Excel and MATLAB(R) in the solutions. Each chapter has several example problems and a large, but not overwhelming, number of end-of-chapter problems.
Principles of Heat Transfer by Frank Kreith,Mark Bohn Pdf
Frank Kreith and Mark Bohn's PRINCIPLES OF HEAT TRANSFER is known and respected as a classic in the field! The sixth edition has new homework problems, and the authors have added new Mathcad problems that show readers how to use computational software to solve heat transfer problems. This new edition features own web site that features real heat transfer problems from industry, as well as actual case studies.
Author : N.D. Hari Dass Publisher : SRI Books, an imprint of the Simplicity Research Institute Page : 377 pages File Size : 49,5 Mb Release : 2021-02-21 Category : Science ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Essentials of Thermodynamics by N.D. Hari Dass Pdf
Essentials of Thermodynamics offers a fresh perspective on classical thermodynamics and its explanation of natural phenomena. It combines fundamental principles with applications to offer an integrated resource for students, teachers and experts alike. The essence of classic texts has been distilled to give a balanced and in-depth treatment, including a detailed history of ideas which explains how thermodynamics evolved without knowledge of the underlying atomic structure of matter. The principles are illustrated by a vast range of applications, such as osmotic pressure, how solids melt and liquids boil, the incredible race to reach absolute zero, and the modern theme of the renormalization group. Topics are handled using a variety of techniques, which helps readers see how concepts such as entropy and free energy can be applied to many situations, and in diverse ways. The book has a large number of solved examples and problems in each chapter, as well as a carefully selected guide to further reading. The treatment of traditional topics like the three laws of thermodynamics, Carnot cycles, Clapeyron equation, phase equilibria, and dilute solutions is considerably more detailed than usual. For example, the chapter on Carnot cycles discusses exotic cases like the photon cycle along with more practical ones like the Otto, Diesel and Rankine cycles. There is a chapter on critical phenomena that is modern and yet highly pedagogical and contains a first principles calculation of the critical exponents of Van der Waals systems. Topics like entropy constants, surface thermodynamics, and superconducting phase transitions are explained in depth while maintaining accessibility for different readers.
This introductory treatment provides an understanding of the fundamental concepts and principles involved in the study of thermoelectricity in solids and of conduction in general. Aimed at graduate-level students and those interested in basic theory, it will be especially valuable to experimental physicists working in fields connected with electron transport and to theoreticians seeking a survey of thermoelectricity and related questions. Chronicling the early history of thermoelectricity from its discovery to modern times, this text features a considerable amount of experimental data and discusses these findings at length wherever they bear a particular relevance to theory. The author, a well-known authority in this field, draws heavily from his own work on thermoelectrical phenomena as they are observed in the study of metals. Numerous illustrative figures appear throughout the text.
The Principles of Thermodynamics by N.D. Hari Dass Pdf
This text presents the conceptual and technical developments of the subject without unduly compromising on either the historical or logical perspective. It also covers the tremendous range of scientifically deep and technologically revolutionary applications of thermodynamics. The text explains how thermodynamics evolved from a few basic laws that
Principles of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry by Simon Gaisford,Vicky Kett,Peter Haines Pdf
The use of thermal and calorimetric methods has shown rapid growth over the past few decades, in an increasingly wide range of applications. The original text was published in 2001; since then there have been significant advances in various analytical techniques and their applications. This second edition supplies an up to date, concise and readable account of the principles, experimental apparatus and practical procedures used in thermal analysis and calorimetric methods of analysis. Written by experts in their field, brief accounts of the basic theory are reinforced with detailed technical advances and contemporary developments. Where appropriate, applications are used to highlight particular operating principles or methods of interpretation. As an important source of information for many levels of readership in a variety of areas, this book will be an aid for students and lecturers through to industrial and laboratory staff and consultants.
