Proceedings Of The Third International Conference On B Physics And Cp Violation
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Proceedings of the Third International Conference on B Physics and CP Violation by Hai-Yang Cheng,Wei-Shu Hou Pdf
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on B Physics and CP Violation, held in Taipei, Taiwan, December 3-7, 1999. The main focus of the conference was to discuss the state of the art and future prospects of the field, at a high technical level. The fifth conference is to be held in May 2002 in Philadelphia. The Fourth took place in Central Japan in February 2001.zation.
B Physics And Cp Violation: Proceedings Of The 2nd International Conference by Thomas E Browder,Frederick A Harris,Sandip Pakvasa Pdf
CP violation is one of the most subtle effects in the Standard Model of particle physics and may be the first clue to the physics that lies beyond. Charge conjugation, C, and parity, P, are symmetries of particle interactions. C corresponds to the operation of replacing a particle by its antiparticle, while P is the operation of mirror reflection. Before 1956, it was believed that these were also symmetries of the interactions of elementary particles. In 1956, C S Wu found evidence for P violation in the weak interaction. Theorists proposed that the combination of CP would be a symmetry of the weak interaction. In 1964, Christenson, Cronin, Fitch and Turlay found the first evidence for the violation of CP symmetry in the decays of kaons.Although Kobayashi and Maskawa then showed how the Standard Model can accommodate the observed CP violation, Wolfenstein pointed out that it is also possible that there is a new interaction in addition to the usual four, called the superweak interaction, which is responsible for the asymmetry. To test this idea, the observation of a different type of asymmetry, called direct CP violation, is required; in the kaon sector, very precise measurements of the ratio of kaon decay rates are necessary. In B decay modes where a second order weak process whimisically named “penguin” interferes with another suppressed, first order “tree” amplitude, it may also be possible to observe these direct CP-violating effects.B physics and CP violation is now one of the major growth areas in high energy physics. Nearly every major high energy physics laboratory now has a project underway to observe the large CP asymmetries expected in the B sector and to test the consistency of the Standard Model. The unitarity of the Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing matrix in the Standard Model implies the existence of three phases, called alpha, beta and gamma, which can be determined by the measurements of CP asymmetries in B decays. About 200 participants gathered in Hawaii in March 1997 to discuss the progress in the field, and this important book constitutes the proceedings of that conference.
B Physics and CP Violation by H-Y Cheng,W-S Hou Pdf
CP violation was first observed in 1964, but only in 1999 did we gain much greater experimental insight. Direct CP violation finally appeared in the form of ε′/ε in the K system. Indirect CP violation in B → J/Ψ Ks decay, the raison d'être for construction of e+e- B factories, was first sniffed out at the proton-antiproton collider. The asymmetric B factories — BABAR at SLAC and BELLE at KEK — were completed, while the symmetric B factory at Cornell was upgraded to CLEO-III. It seems that everyone is positioning himself for the great competition on “B Physics and CP Violation”, racing to unravel the Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, especially the size and origin of CP phases. The change of millennium provides a dramatic backdrop. To have intensive discussions at the technical level, to create broader interest in the subject, and to maximize interaction between experimenters and theorists, this book starts with the status of B factories: accelerator, detector and physics analysis. Following an overview of B physics and the CKM matrix, it delves into the details of lifetime, spectroscopy and decays, with even more specialized discussions on rare decays, direct and indirect CP violation, factorization and final state interactions, determination of unitarity phases, etc. Topics on ε′/ε, rare K decay, charm and hyperon systems, and various T, CP and CPT tests are also discussed at length. The book closes with the outlook for hadron machines and the prospects for new physics. A special feature is that there are two summary talks, one on experiment and the other on theory. The book is further augmented by two dozen excellent contributed talks. Contents:Status of the BABAR Detector (D Boutigny)Status of BELLE (K Abe)First Results from the CLEO III RICH (T Skwarnicki)Highlights of 10 Years of LEP B Physics (S L Wu)Determination of the CKM Unitary Triangle Parameters by End 1999 (A Stocchi)Measurements of CKM Parameters at LEP (G Eigen)Theory of Heavy Baryon Decay (J G Körner)Theory of Radiative B Decays (M Misiak)Calculation of Direct CP Violation in B Decays (C D Lu)Final State Interaction in Heavy Hadron Decay (M Suzuki)Penguins and Mixing-Dependent CP Violation (N G Deshpande)Rare Kaon Decays (S Kettell)Rare Semi/Leptonic B Decays (T Morozumi)On Direct CP Violation in SUSY (A Masiero)Examining CP Symmetry in Strange Baryon Decays (K B Luk)Future B Experiments from the BTeV/LHC-B Perspective (S Stone)The B System as a Window to New Physics (J L Hewett)Experimental Summary (T Nakada)and other papers Readership: High energy physicists. Keywords:CP Violation;B Physics;Spectroscopy;Decays;Rare K Decay;Charm;Hyperon;T, CP and CPT Tests;SUSY
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on B Physics and CP Violation by Thomas E. Browder,Frederick A. Harris,S. Pakvasa Pdf
CP violation is one of the most subtle effects in the Standard Model of particle physics and may be the first clue to the physics that lies beyond. Charge conjugation, C, and parity, P, are symmetries of particle interactions. C corresponds to the operation of replacing a particle by its antiparticle, while P is the operation of mirror reflection. Before 1956, it was believed that these were also symmetries of the interactions of elementary particles. In 1956, C S Wu found evidence for P violation in the weak interaction. Theorists proposed that the combination of CP would be a symmetry of the weak interaction. In 1964, Christenson, Cronin, Fitch and Turlay found the first evidence for the violation of CP symmetry in the decays of kaons. Although Kobayashi and Maskawa then showed how the Standard Model can accommodate the observed CP violation, Wolfenstein has pointed out that it is also possible that there is a new interaction in addition to the usual four, called the superweak interaction,which is responsible for the asymmetry. To test this idea, the observation of a different type of asymmetry, called direct CP violation, is required; in the kaon sector, very precise measurements of the ratio of kaon decay rates are necessary. In B decay modes where a second order weak process whimsically named "penguin" interferes with another suppressed, first order "tree" amplitude, it may also be possible to observe these direct CP-violating effects. B physics and CP violation is now one of the major growth areas in high energy physics. Nearly every major high energy physics laboratory now has a project underway to observe the large CP asymmetries expected in the B sector and to test theconsistency of the Standard Model. The unitarity of the Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing matrix in
Commemorating the Past and Looking Towards the Future by Ngee-Pong Chang,Kenneth Young,Hon Ming Lai,Cheuk-Yin Wong Pdf
This book is not just a conference proceedings covering the full spectrum of physics disciplines. It is also a historic retrospective on the past generation of giants in Chinese physics. It covers the historical tributes by Nobel Laureates Lee and Yang and others to the life and works of Professors Ta-You Wu, Chien-Shiung Wu and Xie Xi-de. In the words of the title in Chinese, as we drink the water let us ponder the source. Contents:Plenary Sessions:T Y Wu Memorial SessionC S Wu Memorial SessionXie Xi-De Memorial SessionCondensed Matter Physics:Imaging Electron Fringes on a Quantum Wedge (D Chen)A Proposal for AC Magnetic Guide and Trap of Cold Atoms (L Xu et al.)High Energy and Nuclear Physics:From BEVALAC to AGS (S-Y Fung)Rare Kaon Decays (C-Q Geng)The Glue Inside a Very Large Nucleus (C-S Lam)Theoretical Physics and Statistical Mechanics:Recent Developments in M Physics (G Shiu)Flat-Histogram and Free Energy Calculation (J-S Wang)Astrophysics and Plasma Physics:Warm Dark Matter Model of Galaxy Formation (Y P Jing)The Baryon Fractions in Clusters of Galaxies (X-P Wu)Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Chemical Physics:Atoms in Strong Laser Fields and Nonperturbative QED (D-S Guo)Quantum Teleportation with Complete Set Bell State Measurement (Y-H Shih)Accelerator Physics:Design of the SSRF Magnet Lattice (Z M Dai et al.)Power Compression by Means of Thyratron in Low Frequency (Y Zhao)and other papers Readership: Researchers in physics. Keywords:
Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies by John Jaros,Michael Peskin Pdf
Stanford University hosted the XIX International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies on August 9 – 14, 1999, at the Law School on the Stanford University Campus, the site of the previous Symposia. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Symposium. Contents:Reports from the B Factories:CESR and CLEO (K Honscheid)Status of KEKB Accelerator and Detector, BELLE (F Takasaki)Status of PEP-II and BaBar (J Dorfan)HERA-B Status (M Medinnis)Brief Report from the Tevatron (M Paulini)Heavy Flavor Physics and CP Violation:Heavy Quark Decays (R A Poling)Heavy Quark Lifetimes, Mixing, and CP Violation (G Blaylock)ε'/ε Results from KTeV (E Blucher)Results on Direct CP Violation from NA48 (G Barr)A Status Report of KLOE at DAΦNE (S Bertolucci)Quark Mixing Matrix Studies and Lepton Flavor Violation Searches Using Rare Decays of Kaons (W Molzon)Tau Physics (A Pich)B Decays, the Unitarity Triangle, and the Universe (A F Falk)Neutrino Physics:Solar Neutrinos (Y Suzuki)Atmospheric Neutrinos and the Oscillations Bonanza (W A Mann)Accelerator and Reactor Neutrino Experiments (L DiLella)Neutrino Mass and Oscillations (R G H Robertson)Electroweak Interactions and Beyond:Precision Electroweak at the Z (M L Swartz)Electroweak Measurements from Hadron Machines (M Lancaster)Precise Electroweak Results from LEP2 (D G Charlton)R Values in Low Energy e+e- Annihilation (Z-G Zhao)Status of the Muon (g – 2) Experiment (B L Roberts)Ten Years of Precision Electroweak Physics (A Sirlin)New Particle Searches (V Ruhlmann-Kleider)Recent Developments in Physics Beyond the Standard Model (G F Giudice)Structure Within Particles:Structure Functions in Deep Inelastic Lepton-Nucleon Scattering (M Klein)Diffraction and the Pomeron (H Abramowicz)The Spin Structure of the Nucleon (G K Mallot)Structure of the Photon (J M Butterworth)Rare Φ Decays and Exotic Hadrons (S I Serednyakov)QCD Phenomena and Theory:Fragmentation and Hadronization (B R Webber)Test of Perturbative QCD and Jet Physics (J Womersley)Applications of QCD (M Beneke) Lattice Calculations and Hadron Physics (S Aoki)Cosmology and Astrophysics:Dark Matter Searches (B Sadoulet)Supernovae, Dark Energy, and the Accelerating Universe: The Status of the Cosmological Parameters (S Perlmutter)High Energy Particles from the Universe (R A Ong)Cosmic Microwave Background: Past, Future, and Present (S Dodelson)Looking to the Future:Physics Needs for Future Accelerators (J D Lykken)R&D Progress Toward Future Linear Colliders (G-A Voss)Towards Very High Energy Accelerators (J S Wurtele)Gravity, Particle Physics and Their Unification (J M Maldacena)Assessment and Outlook (B Richter) Readership: High-energy, astro-, nuclear, experimental and theoretical physicists. Keywords:Lepton;Photon;High Energy Physics;Astrophysics;Nuclear Physics
CP Violation: From Quarks to Leptons by M. Giorgi,I. Mannelli,A.I. Sanda Pdf
For a long time after the discovery in 1964, by Christenson, Cronin, Fitch and Turlay, that the long-lived neutral kaon decays both into three and into two pions, which has since been taken as proof of CP violation, successive new and more precise experiments confirmed the original evidence and provided results compatible with a phenomenological description confining the CP violation to the mixing between neutral kaons and antikaons. However the Standard Model, with three generations of quarks, linking as it does CP violation to the presence of a single non trivial phase in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix, implies that if CP violation exists at all, then it is a general property of weak interactions, appearing in transitions were amplitudes involving all three quark families interfere with each other, producing effects with a magnitude related to that of the CKM coefficients. This fact has stimulated an impressive amount of theoretical work leading in many cases to precise predictions. This publication reviews the field, from both the theoretical and experimental point of view, while planning for the forthcoming experimentation at LHC and considering possible new facilities for kaon, B meson and neutrino physics. Abstracted in Inspec
XIX International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies by John Jaros,Michael Edward Peskin Pdf
Stanford University hosted the XIX International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies on August 9 - 14, 1999, at the Law School on the Stanford University Campus, the site of the previous Symposia. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Symposium.
Commemorating the Past and Looking Towards the Future by Ngee-pong Chang,Hon Ming Lai,Cheuk-Yin Wong Pdf
OCPA 2000 provided a forum for researchers from the various subfields of physics to broaden their knowledge horizons. It promoted friendship among ethnic Chinese physicists from all the continents and fostered a sense of belonging to a community with a strong tradition of scholarship and heritage. Ethnic Chinese physicists gathered to review past accomplishments and to consider making further contributions to the world of physics.
Flavor Physics For The Millennium (Tasi 2000) - Proceedings Of The Theoretical Advanced Study Institute In Elementary Particle Physics by Jonathon L Rosner Pdf
This book is devoted to the broad subject of flavor physics, embracing the question of what distinguishes one type of elementary particles from another. The articles range from the forefront of formal theory (treating the physics of extra dimensions) to details of particle detectors. Although special emphasis is placed on the physics of kaons, charmed and beauty particles, top quarks, and neutrinos, the articles also dealing with electroweak physics, quantum chromodynamics, supersymmetry, and dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking. Violations of fundamental symmetries such as time reversal invariance are discussed in the context of neutral kaons, beauty particles, electric dipole moments, and parity violation in atoms. The physics of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix and of quark masses are described in some detail, both from the standpoint of present and future experimental knowledge and from a more fundamental viewpoint, where physicists are still searching for the correct theory.
B Physics at Hadron Machines by Manfred Paulini,Samim Erhan Pdf
This conference series reviews progress in understanding the physics of the 5th quark (beauty quark or bottom quark) and the properties of particles containing a b-quark. These quarks are produced at particle accelerators such as electron-positron accelerators or hadron colliders with the latter being the focus of the conference. One of the main issues in understanding the physics of the 5th quark is CP violation, a mechanism in particle physics that breaks the symmetry of nature between particles and antiparticles ultimately connected to the particle-antiparticle asymmetry of the universe. Topics include: recent results; CP violation; B production and spectroscopy; detectors, hardware, and computing; Vucb, Vub, and factorization; B lifetimes and mixing; rare decays; B trigger at future experiments; B physics at future hadron machines; the future of flavor.
Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics ICHEP 2002 by S. Bentvelsen,P. de Jong,J. Koch,E. Laenen Pdf
The first precision measurements on CP violation in the B system are reported. Both the BELLE and the BABAR collaboration presented, among others, results for sin 2ß with much improved accuracy. Results from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, SNO, also deserve to be mentioned. The convincing evidence of solar neutrino oscillations had been presented by SNO prior to the conference; a full presentation was given at the conference. An incredibly precise measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is reported, a fresh result from the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Apart from these distinct physics highlights, there are also the first results from the new Tevatron run and from the relativistic heavy ion collider RHIC. Theorists write of our ever better understanding of the Standard Model and of what might lie beyond. Risky as it is to highlight only a couple of exciting subjects, it is merely meant to whet the appetite for further reading.
