Prognostic Factors In Cancer

Author : Paul Hermanek,Mary K. Gospodarowicz,Donald E. Henson,Robert V.P. Hutter,Leslie H. Sobin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642793950

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Prognostic Factors in Cancer by Paul Hermanek,Mary K. Gospodarowicz,Donald E. Henson,Robert V.P. Hutter,Leslie H. Sobin Pdf

M. K. Gospodarowicz, P. Hermanek, and D. E. Henson Attention to innovations in cancer treatment has tended to eclipse the importance of prognostic assessment. However, the recognition that prognostic factors often have a greater impact on outcome than available therapies and the proliferation of biochemical, molecular, and genetic markers have resulted in renewed interest in this field. The outcome in patients with cancer is determined by a combination of numerous factors. Presently, the most widely recognized are the extent of disease, histologic type of tumor, and treatment. It has been known for some time that additional factors also influence outcome. These include histologic grade, lymphatic or vascular invasion, mitotic index, performance status, symptoms, and most recently genetic and biochemical markers. It is the aim of this volume to compile those prognostic factors that have emerged as important determinants of outcome for tumors at various sites. This compilation represents the first phase of a more extensive process to integrate all prognostic factors in cancer to further enhance the prediction of outcome following treatment. Certain issues surround ing the assessment and reporting of prognostic factors are also considered. Importance of Prognostic Factors Prognostic factors in cancer often have an immense influence on outcome, while treatment often has a much weaker effect. For example, the influence of the presence of lymph node involvement on survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer is much greater than the effect of adjuvant treatment with tamoxifen in the same group of patients [5].

Author : Mary K. Gospodarowicz
Publisher : Wiley-Liss
Page : 836 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2001-04-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015050553737

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Prognostic Factors in Cancer by Mary K. Gospodarowicz Pdf

Prognostic Factors in Cancer, Second Edition updates the first authoritative monograph on prognostic factors and their use in planning treatment for cancer patients. The text is an extension of the work of the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) on the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours and their current focus on prognostic factors in cancer. The TNM classification is the most widely used system for staging the progression of cancer. The anatomic extent of disease represented by the TNM system is the single most important predictor for outcomes of most tumors. Prognostic Factors in Cancer, Second Edition is divided into two parts. The first section examines prognosis in general and more specifically prognosis in cancer patients, including issues surrounding accuracy of measurement of prognosis, the methodology of studying and classifying prognostic factors, and the application of prognostic factors in clinical decision-making in the treatment of cancer. The second section provides chapters on site-specific or tumor-specific neoplasms and the prognostic factors associated with them. These chapters contain an overview of the relevant literature and include summaries that classify prognostic factors according to subject and relevance. Prognostic Factors in Cancer, Second Edition illustrates the scope of the field as it stands today, and will provide perspective on likely outcomes of neoplastic disease for all physicians and others responsible for the care of patients with cancer.

Author : Paul Glare,Nicholas A Christakis
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2008-03-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780191546198

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Prognosis in Advanced Cancer by Paul Glare,Nicholas A Christakis Pdf

Predicting survival and other outcomes is increasingly being recognized as an important skill for palliative care doctors and nurses, oncologists, and other healthcare professionals who treat patients with advanced cancer. Accurate prognosis is essential if we are to offer quality of care and 'a good death', as well as to aid decision-making. There is much prognostic information available that is scattered throughout the palliative care and oncological literature but this is the first time it has been gathered systematically in one place. Glare and Christakis, leaders in the field of prognosis, bring together a team of international contributors from across the fields of palliative care and oncology. This comprehensive but practical guide begins with the principles of prognostication, including formulating the prediction and then communicating it. Topics such as statistical issues, evidence-based medicine, and the ethics of prognostication are also covered. The second section addresses prognostication in 15 specific cancer sites once they have reached the advanced stage, following a standard template for consistency and easy access to the key information. The third section deals with prognostication in patients with a variety of common clinical conditions at the end of life, such as bowel obstruction, hypercalcaemia, and brain metastases. In addition, survival curves are provided within each chapter, palliative care conditions are examined for the first time, and a summary table of long and short term prognosis ensures this book remains practical.

Author : Richard D. Riley,Danielle van der Windt,Peter Croft,Karel G. M. Moons
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2019-01-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780192516657

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Prognosis Research in Healthcare by Richard D. Riley,Danielle van der Windt,Peter Croft,Karel G. M. Moons Pdf

"What is going to happen to me?" Most patients ask this question during a clinical encounter with a health professional. As well as learning what problem they have (diagnosis) and what needs to be done about it (treatment), patients want to know about their future health and wellbeing (prognosis). Prognosis research can provide answers to this question and satisfy the need for individuals to understand the possible outcomes of their condition, with and without treatment. Central to modern medical practise, the topic of prognosis is the basis of decision making in healthcare and policy development. It translates basic and clinical science into practical care for patients and populations. Prognosis Research in Healthcare: Concepts, Methods and Impact provides a comprehensive overview of the field of prognosis and prognosis research and gives a global perspective on how prognosis research and prognostic information can improve the outcomes of healthcare. It details how to design, carry out, analyse and report prognosis studies, and how prognostic information can be the basis for tailored, personalised healthcare. In particular, the book discusses how information about the characteristics of people, their health, and environment can be used to predict an individual's future health. Prognosis Research in Healthcare: Concepts, Methods and Impact, addresses all types of prognosis research and provides a practical step-by-step guide to undertaking and interpreting prognosis research studies, ideal for medical students, health researchers, healthcare professionals and methodologists, as well as for guideline and policy makers in healthcare wishing to learn more about the field of prognosis.

Author : Gospodarowicz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2003-04-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0471463736

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Prognostic Factors in Cancer, Second Edition by Gospodarowicz Pdf

Author : Maurice J. Staquet
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015000857261

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Cancer Therapy by Maurice J. Staquet Pdf

Author : B.A. Stoll
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789400932913

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Pointers to Cancer Prognosis by B.A. Stoll Pdf

The last 30 years have seen little improvement in the age-adjusted mortality rates for most common types of cancer, and until we develop more effective and less damaging treatment modalities for these tumours, selection of each patient's treatment must depend on prognostic pointers. These lead to a calculated trade off between our estimate of likely benefit to the patient, as against cost in terms of quality of life. But changes have occurred recently in our understanding of the traditional prognostic pointers used for selecting such individualised treatment. First, it is increasingly recognised that the stage at which a tumour presents is more related to the chromo logical age of the tumour (how far it has progressed before diagnosis) than to its biological characteristics. While advanced chronological age of the tumour may predict a greater likelihood of early death, only biological criteria can predict the tumour growth rate, the likelihood of prolonged survival, the likely course of the disease after the first recurrence or the likehood of response to systemic therapy. Second, there is increasing use of failure analysis in relating the clinical and biological characteristics of tumours to their response to standard treatments. In the past, the relationship was interpreted mainly in terms of survival rate, but the site and timing of first recurrence and the pattern and timing of subsequent spread provide a better assessment of the control possible from local or systemic therapy.

Author : Maurice J. Staquet
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2024-07-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0608097691

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Cancer Therapy by Maurice J. Staquet Pdf

Author : Mitchell G. Scott,Ann M. Gronowski,Charles S. Eby
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 701 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2007-02-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780470086070

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Tietz's Applied Laboratory Medicine by Mitchell G. Scott,Ann M. Gronowski,Charles S. Eby Pdf

Using a problem-based approach, Tietz's Applied Laboratory Medicine, Second Edition presents interesting cases to illustrate the current use and interpretation of the most commonly available clinical laboratory tests. The cases present detailed descriptions of the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. The book begins with an up-to-date general discussion of selection and use of laboratory diagnostic and prognostic tests. Cases are then grouped by category, including cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, liver, gastrointestinal, endocrine, gynaecologic & obstetrical, haematological, CNS, lipid, congenital, toxicological, infectious, and autoimmune diseases. Tietz's Applied Laboratory Medicine, Second Edition: Presents over 100 cases organised by disease group Reflects latest treatment and risk factor guidelines, testing algorithms and recommendations Newly covers coagulopathies, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases Provides excellent coverage of relevant pathophysiology and biochemistry, and includes cases in molecular diagnostics Discusses legal implications This book is an invaluable resource for all clinical chemists, clinical lab technologists, pathologists, and allied health professionals. It is also of interest for general practitioners, residents, medical students, and educators.

Author : Rosemary A Walker
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0367386933

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Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Breast Cancer by Rosemary A Walker Pdf

This title reviews the key prognostic factors in breast cancer, discussing the methodologies involved in measuring and reporting. It also examines the roles of major predictive markers such as the steroid receptors, p53 and HER-2. Given the wealth of information in the medical literature on breast cancer, this volume is useful in that it focuses strictly on these factors. That focus makes this text extremely useful for oncologists and researchers who want to learn more about best practices in prognoses.

Author : Sam Thiagalingam
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 597 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2015-04-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780521493390

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Systems Biology of Cancer by Sam Thiagalingam Pdf

An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.

Author : Miller III, Kashani-Sabet, & Sagebiel
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781491706817

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Patient-Centered Prognosis by Miller III, Kashani-Sabet, & Sagebiel Pdf

Patient-centered prognosis focuses on individual patients. It is a methodology that generates individually tailored probabilistic predictions of a specified medical outcome that a particular patient may experience. Its predictions are based on observable prognostic factors. Because these predictions are both particular-outcome-specific and individual-patient-specific, achieving predictive accuracy poses a formidable challenge. Nevertheless, the patient-centered methodology (PCM) appears to produce more accurate individually tailored patient predictions than current prognostic practice. PCM achieves its greater predictive accuracy by exploiting several analytical devices. 1. It redesigns and retools each successive stage of the prognostic procedure to predict the particular future outcome that the targeted patient could experience. 2. It identifies the existence, the direction, the shape, and the magnitude of each prognostic factor’s relationship to the particular outcome as that relationship pertains, specifically, to patients similar to the targeted patient. 3. It relies on internal interrelationships among different prognostic factors and the specified outcome to “fill in” missing observations so that an individually tailored probabilistic prediction is possible, even with incomplete patient data. PCM is applied to 1,222 melanoma patients from the United States and to 1,225 patients from Finland with invasive breast cancer. Substantial improvements in prognostic accuracy are realized in both applications compared to current prognostic practice. Greater accuracy can lead to better treatment selection decisions and to other improvements in patient management. Greater prognostic accuracy can also eliminate unnecessary medical procedures that are frequently both painful and expensive in treating progressive diseases such as cancer.

Author : Luciano Mutti,Jun Zhang,Mohamed Rahouma
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2023-04-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832520475

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Prognostic factors in non-small cell lung cancer by Luciano Mutti,Jun Zhang,Mohamed Rahouma Pdf

Author : Paul Glare,Nicholas A Christakis
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2008-03-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0198530226

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Prognosis in Advanced Cancer by Paul Glare,Nicholas A Christakis Pdf

In order to make decisions and offer quality health care, it is essential to be able to predict survival and other outcomes. This practical, evidence-based book brings together prognosis information for patients with advanced cancer.

Author : Giampietro Gasparini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461551959

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Prognostic variables in node-negative and node-positive breast cancer by Giampietro Gasparini Pdf