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Prosthesis is an experiment in critical writing that both analyzes and performs certain questions about the body as an "artificial" construction. The book deals with the mechanical (e.g., a mechanical prosthesis like a father's artificial leg) in that most humanistic of discourses, the artistic - in order to demonstrate to what extent a supposedly natural creation relies on artificial devices of various kinds. It is distinguished from a thematics of the prosthetic in literature by its complex articulation with accounts of the amputee father's discomfort, slipping back and forth between an apparently constative and a more obviously performative mode, in and out of fiction and autobiography. Cutting across the terrains occupied traditionally by the history of medicine, film studies, art history, philosophy, psychoanalysis, literary theory, and fiction, it finds an artistic or cultural pretext for each of its expositions - a line from Virgil, a painting by Conder, a theory by Freud, a film by Greenaway, a text by Derrida, novels by Roussel or Gibson, a sixteenth-century rhetoric - that connects thematically or theoretically with the question of prosthesis.
Prosthetic Designs for Restoring Human Limb Function by William Craelius Pdf
This textbook provides a thorough introduction and overview of the design and engineering of state-of-the-art prosthetics and assistive technologies. Innovations in prosthetics are increasingly made by cross-disciplinary thinking, and the author introduces the application of biomedical, mechanical, electrical, computer, and materials engineering principles to the design of artificial limbs. Coverage includes the fundamentals of biomechanics, biomechanical modeling and measurements, the basics of anatomy and physiology of limb defects, and the historical development of prosthetic design. This book stimulates the innovative thinking necessary for advancing limb restoration, and will be essential reading for students, as well as researchers, professional engineers, and prosthetists involved in the design and manufacture of artificial limbs. Learning enhanced by the exercises, including physical modeling with MATLAB and Simulink; Includes appendices with relevant equations and parameters for reference; Introduction to the design and engineering of prosthetics and assistive technologies.
In this highly original book David Wills rethinks not only our nature before all technology but also what we understand to be technology. Rather than considering the human being as something natural that then develops technology, Wills argues, we should instead imagine an originary imbrication of nature and machine that begins with a dorsal turn-a turn that takes place behind our back, outside our field of vision. With subtle and insightful readings, Wills pursues this sense of what lies behind our idea of the human by rescuing Heidegger’s thinking from a reductionist dismissal of technology, examining different angles on Lvinas’s face-to-face relation, and tracing a politics of friendship and sexuality in Derrida and Sade. He also analyzes versions of exile in Joyce’s rewriting of Homer and Broch’s rewriting of Virgil and discusses how Freud and Rimbaud exemplify the rhetoric of soil and blood that underlies every attempt to draw lines between nations and discriminate between peoples. In closing, Wills demonstrates the political force of rhetoric in a sophisticated analysis of Nietzsche’s oft-quoted declaration that “God is dead.” Forward motion, Wills ultimately reveals, is an ideology through which we have favored the front-what can be seen-over the aspects of the human and technology that lie behind the back and in the spine-what can be sensed otherwise-and shows that this preference has had profound environmental, political, sexual, and ethical consequences. David Wills is professor of French and English at the University of Albany (SUNY). He is the author of Prosthesis and Matchbook: Essays in Deconstruction as well as the translator of works by Jacques Derrida, including The Gift of Death.
Author : Mark S. Humayun,Lisa C. Olmos de Koo Publisher : Springer Page : 130 pages File Size : 45,7 Mb Release : 2018-01-17 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783319672601
Retinal Prosthesis by Mark S. Humayun,Lisa C. Olmos de Koo Pdf
Intended as a useful and practical guide primarily oriented toward ophthalmic practitioners involved in retinal prosthesis implantation and post-operative visual rehabilitation, this book focuses on the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis and its revolutionary incorporation into the practice. The reader will get an update on patient selection, expected visual outcomes, surgical implantation techniques, and post-operative visual rehabilitation. Retinal Prosthesis - A Clinical Guide to Successful Implementation is written in a clear and concise manner and includes diagrams and high quality photographs to demonstrate best practices in surgical techniques and desired outcomes. Covering topics such as history of retinal prostheses, bioengineering considerations, clinical therapies, and other therapies and future directions, this book is written for practicing ophthalmologists, residents, and medical students interested in retinal implants.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 503 pages File Size : 49,9 Mb Release : 2017-09-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309457842
The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments Pdf
The U.S. Census Bureau has reported that 56.7 million Americans had some type of disability in 2010, which represents 18.7 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population included in the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation. The U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) provides disability benefits through the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. As of December 2015, approximately 11 million individuals were SSDI beneficiaries, and about 8 million were SSI beneficiaries. SSA currently considers assistive devices in the nonmedical and medical areas of its program guidelines. During determinations of substantial gainful activity and income eligibility for SSI benefits, the reasonable cost of items, devices, or services applicants need to enable them to work with their impairment is subtracted from eligible earnings, even if those items or services are used for activities of daily living in addition to work. In addition, SSA considers assistive devices in its medical disability determination process and assessment of work capacity. The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation provides an analysis of selected assistive products and technologies, including wheeled and seated mobility devices, upper-extremity prostheses, and products and technologies selected by the committee that pertain to hearing and to communication and speech in adults.
Advances for Prosthetic Technology by Robert LeMoyne Pdf
This book focuses on the advances in transtibial prosthetic technology and targets research in the evolution of the powered prosthesis such as the BiOM, which was derived from considerable research and development at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The concept of the book spans the historical evolution of prosthetic applications from passive to new and futuristic robotic prosthetic technologies. The author describes the reasons for amputation, surgical procedures, and an historical perspective of the prosthesis for the lower limb. He also addresses the phases and sub-phases of gait and compensatory mechanisms arising for a transtibial prosthesis and links the compensatory mechanisms to long-term morbidities. The general technologies for gait analysis central to prosthetic design and the inherent biomechanics foundations for analysis are also explored. The book reports on recent-past to current-term applications with passive elastic prostheses. The core of the book deals with futuristic robotic prostheses including their function and major subsystems, such as actuator technology, state machine control, and machine learning applications. Finally, the envisioned future trends in the prosthetic technology space are presented.
Today, a prosthesis is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part, generally designed and assembled according to the individual’s appearance and functional needs with a view to being both as unobtrusive and as useful as possible. In classical antiquity, however, this was not necessarily the case. The ancient literary and documentary evidence for prostheses and prosthesis use is contradictory, and the bioarchaeological and archaeological evidence is enigmatic, but discretion and utility were not necessarily priorities. So, when, howand why did individuals utilise them? This volume, the first to explore prostheses and prosthesis use in classical antiquity, seeks to answer these questions, and will be of interest to academics and students with specialistinterests in classical archaeology, ancient history and history, especially those engaged in studies of healing, medical and surgical practices, or impairment and disability in past societies.
Active Above-Knee Prosthesis by Zlata Jelacic,Remzo Dedic,Haris Dindo Pdf
Active Above-Knee Prosthesis: A Guide to a Smart Prosthetic Leg presents original research and development results, providing a firsthand overview of idea generation and prototype production. The book gives insights into the problem of stair ascent for people with above-knee amputation and offers a solution in the form of a physical prototype of an active above-knee prosthesis with an actuated ankle. The book's authors have developed and tested a physical prototype of an active above-knee prosthesis, giving anyone who is researching and designing prosthetic devices firsthand knowledge on how to build on, and continue with, work that has already been done. Presents state-of-the-art technology in powered prosthetics Helps readers evaluate design options and create new developments Provides guidance on the evolution of advanced prosthetic design
Amputation, Prosthesis Use, and Phantom Limb Pain by Craig Murray Pdf
The main objective in the rehabilitation of people following amputation is to restore or improve their functioning, which includes their return to work. Full-time employment leads to beneficial health effects and being healthy leads to increased chances of full-time employment (Ross and Mirowskay 1995). Employment of disabled people enhances their self-esteem and reduces social isolation (Dougherty 1999). The importance of returning to work for people following amputation the- fore has to be considered. Perhaps the first article about reemployment and problems people may have at work after amputation was published in 1955 (Boynton 1955). In later years, there have been sporadic studies on this topic. Greater interest and more studies about returning to work and problems people have at work following amputation arose in the 1990s and has continued in recent years (Burger and Marinc ?ek 2007). These studies were conducted in different countries on all the five continents, the greatest number being carried out in Europe, mainly in the Netherlands and the UK (Burger and Marinc ?ek 2007). Owing to the different functions of our lower and upper limbs, people with lower limb amputations have different activity limitations and participation restrictions compared to people with upper limb amputations. Both have problems with driving and carrying objects. People with lower limb amputations also have problems standing, walking, running, kicking, turning and stamping, whereas people with upper limb amputations have problems grasping, lifting, pushing, pulling, writing, typing, and pounding (Giridhar et al. 2001).
Prostheses for the Brain by Andrej Kral,Felix Aplin,Hannes Maier Pdf
Prostheses for the Brain: Introduction to Neuroprosthetics bridges the disciplines required in the field of neuroprosthetics and provides the interdisciplinary base required for understanding neuroprosthetic devices. It introduces basic aspects from the physical, bioengineering and medical perspectives, and forms a common knowledge base. It provides the entrance to the field and sets realistic expectations, both regarding potentials as well as limitations, for the devices in both design and outcomes. The book additionally reviews the technology behind the most frequently used and most clinically successful neuroprosthetic devices. It provides the physiological background for their function, as well as the technology behind them. Finally, the authors suggest future possible developments that may play crucial role in new prostheses for the brain. This gives the reader a comprehensive view on the principles and applications of neuroprostheses. This book has been built from the authors course they teach on neuroprostheses and is ideal for students, engineers and medical professionals in this field. Introduces the general principles of conductivity of electrolytes and the processes at the tissue–electrode interface Describes safety issues and regulatory rules, clarifies conceptual differences between stimulating and sensing electrodes Reviews stimulation strategies, tissue reactions, potential medical complications, brain adaptations and the clinically most successful applications of neuroprostheses
The National Academies,Conference, Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center of the National Academies, Irvine, California, November 9-11, 2006
Author : The National Academies,Conference, Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center of the National Academies, Irvine, California, November 9-11, 2006 Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 140 pages File Size : 50,5 Mb Release : 2007-04-08 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309104661
Smart Prosthetics by The National Academies,Conference, Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center of the National Academies, Irvine, California, November 9-11, 2006 Pdf
The 2006 conference, "Smart Prosthetics: Exploring Assistive Devices for the Body and Mind," attracted scientists, engineers and medical researchers to participate in a series of task groups to develop research plans to address various challenges within the prosthetics field. Eleven conference task groups gave the participants eight hours to develop new research approaches to various challenges, including: build a smart prosthesis that will grow with a child; develop a smart prosthetic that can learn better and/or faster; refine technologies to create active orthotic devices; and describe a framework for replacing damaged cortical tissue and fostering circuit integration to restore neurological function. Representatives from public and private funding organizations, government, industry, and the science media also participated in the task groups. This book provides a summary of the conference task groups. For more information about the conference, visit the Smart Prosthetics conference site. The National Academies Keck Futures Initiative was launched in 2003 to stimulate new modes of scientific inquiry and break down the conceptual and institutional barriers to interdisciplinary research. The National Academies and the W.M. Keck Foundation believe considerable scientific progress and social benefit will be achieved by providing a counterbalance to the tendency to isolate research within academic fields. The Futures Initiative is designed to enable researchers from different disciplines to focus on new questions upon which they can base entirely new research, and to encourage better communication between scientists as well as between the scientific community and the public. Funded by a $40 million grant from the W.M. Keck Foundation, the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative is a 15-year effort to catalyze interdisciplinary inquiry and to enhance communication among researchers, funding agencies, universities, and the general public with the object of stimulating interdisciplinary research at the most exciting frontiers. The Futures Initiative builds on three pillars of vital and sustained research: interdisciplinary encounters that counterbalance specialization and isolation; the identification and exploration of new research topics; and communication that bridges languages, cultures, habits of thought, and institutions. Toward these goals, the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative incorporates three core activities each year: Futures conferences, Futures grants, and National Academies Communication Awards. For more information about the Initiative, visit www.keckfutures.org.
Prosthesis is an addition or attachment to the body that replicates the function of a lost or dysfunctional limb. Prostheses have evolved over the centuries starting from wooden and metal levers to highly sophisticated robotic limbs. While the design of prostheses has become complex and multidimensional, their control methodologies have been developed using signal processing and machine learning methods. This book reports on the recent progress in the design and control of prostheses.
