Psychological Studies Of Science And Technology

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Psychological Studies of Science and Technology

Kieran C. O'Doherty,Lisa M. Osbeck,Ernst Schraube,Jeffery Yen
Psychological Studies of Science and Technology Book PDF

Author : Kieran C. O'Doherty,Lisa M. Osbeck,Ernst Schraube,Jeffery Yen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-08-24
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783030253080

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Psychological Studies of Science and Technology by Kieran C. O'Doherty,Lisa M. Osbeck,Ernst Schraube,Jeffery Yen Pdf

This book provides a significant contribution to scholarship on the psychology of science and the psychology of technology by showcasing a range of theory and research distinguished as psychological studies of science and technology. Science and technology are central to almost all domains of human activity, for which reason they are the focus of subdisciplines such as philosophy of science, philosophy of technology, sociology of knowledge, and history of science and technology. To date, psychology has been marginal in this space and limited to relatively narrow epistemological orientations. By explicitly embracing pluralism and an international approach, this book offers new perspectives and directions for psychological contributions. The book brings together leading theorists and researchers from around the world and spans scholarship across a variety of traditions that include theoretical psychology, critical psychology, feminist psychology and social constructionist approaches. Following a historical and conceptual introduction, the collection is divided into three sections: Scoping a New Psychology of Science and Technology, Applying Psychological Concepts to the Study of Science and Technology and Critical Perspectives on Psychology as a Science. The book will interest interdisciplinary scholars who work in the space of Science and Technology Studies and psychologists interested in the diverse human aspects of science and technology.

Psychological Studies of Science and Technology

Kieran O'Doherty
Psychological Studies of Science and Technology Book PDF

Author : Kieran O'Doherty
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Identity (Psychology)
ISBN : 3030253090

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Psychological Studies of Science and Technology by Kieran O'Doherty Pdf

This book provides a significant contribution to scholarship on the psychology of science and the psychology of technology by showcasing a range of theory and research distinguished as psychological studies of science and technology. Science and technology are central to almost all domains of human activity, for which reason they are the focus of subdisciplines such as philosophy of science, philosophy of technology, sociology of knowledge, and history of science and technology. To date, psychology has been marginal in this space and limited to relatively narrow epistemological orientations. By explicitly embracing pluralism and an international approach, this book offers new perspectives and directions for psychological contributions. The book brings together leading theorists and researchers from around the world and spans scholarship across a variety of traditions that include theoretical psychology, critical psychology, feminist psychology and social constructionist approaches. Following a historical and conceptual introduction, the collection is divided into three sections: Scoping a New Psychology of Science and Technology, Applying Psychological Concepts to the Study of Science and Technology and Critical Perspectives on Psychology as a Science. The book will interest interdisciplinary scholars who work in the space of Science and Technology Studies and psychologists interested in the diverse human aspects of science and technology. Kieran C. O'Doherty is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Canada. Lisa M. Osbeck is Professor of Psychology, University of West Georgia, USA. Ernst Schraube is Associate Professor of Social Psychology of Technology in the Department of People and Technology at Roskilde University, Denmark. Jeffery Yen is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Guelph, Canada.

Psychology of Technology

V.K. Kool,Rita Agrawal
Psychology of Technology Book PDF

Author : V.K. Kool,Rita Agrawal
Publisher : Springer
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-23
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9783319453330

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Psychology of Technology by V.K. Kool,Rita Agrawal Pdf

This unique treatise expands on the philosophy of technology to argue for a psychology of technology based on the complex relationships between psychology, biology and technology, especially in the light of our relationships with our digital devices, our online lives, and our human experience. Drawing from disciplines ranging from philosophy and evolution to cognition and neuroscience, it examines myriad aspects of the brain’s creative development: the cognitive, sensory, and motor processes that enable technological progress and its resulting efficiencies and deficiencies along with our discomforts and pleasures. These experiences are key to behavioral and affective processes in technology, manifest in such diverse phenomena as multitasking, the shift in tech design from ergonomics to hedonomics, and the many types of online problem behaviors. Through these rich pages, readers can understand more deeply the history and future of human adjustment and adaptation in an environment intertwined with technology—and, with the ascendance of video games and virtual reality, new conceptions of the human self. Among the topics covered: Could we have remained a tech-devoid society? Technology, ergonomics and the non-executive functions of our body. New directions in brain-computer interface. From avatars and agents to virtual reality technology.“br> On measuring affective responses to objects. Psychology, technology, ethics, and culture. A timely lens on a field that will grow in importance as it shapes our existence, Psychology of Technology will be read and discussed by not only psychologists, social scientists, and behavioral scientists, but also by technology designers and developers and those in biotechnology.

The Social Psychology of Science

William R. Shadish,Steve Fuller
The Social Psychology of Science Book PDF

Author : William R. Shadish,Steve Fuller
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 089862021X

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The Social Psychology of Science by William R. Shadish,Steve Fuller Pdf

The social psychology of science is a compelling new area of study whose shape is still emerging. This erudite and innovative book outlines a theoretical and methodological agenda for this new field, and bridges the gap between the individually focused aspects of psychology and the sociological elements of science studies. Presenting a side of social psychology that, until now, has received almost no attention in the social sciences literature, this volume offers the first detailed and comprehensive study of the social psychology of science, complete with a large number of empirical and theoretical examples. The volume's introductory section provides a detailed analysis of how modern social psychology might apply to the study of science. Chapters show how to analyze science in terms of social cognition, attribution theory, attitudes and attitude change, social motivation, social influence and social conformity, and intergroup relations, weaving extensive illustrations from the science studies literature into the theoretical analysis. The nature and role of experimentation are discussed, as are metaanalytic methods for summarizing the results of multiple studies. Ways to facilitate the generalization of causal inferences from experimental work are also examined. The book focuses on such topics as interactions among small groups of scientists, and the impact of social motivation, influence, and conformity on scientific work. Also covered are scientists' responses to ethical issues in research, differences in cognitive style distribution, creativity in research and development, and the sociologists's view of the social psychology of science and technology. In addition, the book provides two annotated bibliographies, one on the philosophy of science and the other on social psychology, to guide readers in both disciplines to salient recent works. Valuable to the entire science studies community, this text will be of special interest to philosophers, sociologists, psychologists, and historians of science interested in the nature of knowledge development in science. Because of its novel application of social psychological theories and methods, this book will be useful as a primary text or a secondary text in courses on science studies in psychology, sociology, or philosophy departments.

Science as Psychology

Lisa M. Osbeck,Nancy J. Nersessian,Kareen R. Malone,Wendy C. Newstetter
Science as Psychology Book PDF

Author : Lisa M. Osbeck,Nancy J. Nersessian,Kareen R. Malone,Wendy C. Newstetter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781139495134

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Science as Psychology by Lisa M. Osbeck,Nancy J. Nersessian,Kareen R. Malone,Wendy C. Newstetter Pdf

Science as Psychology reveals the complexity and richness of rationality by demonstrating how social relationships, emotion, culture, and identity are implicated in the problem-solving practices of laboratory scientists. In this study, the authors gather and analyze interview and observational data from innovation-focused laboratories in the engineering sciences to show how the complex practices of laboratory research scientists provide rich psychological insights, and how a better understanding of science practice facilitates understanding of human beings more generally. The study focuses not on dismantling the rational core of scientific practice, but on illustrating how social, personal, and cognitive processes are intricately woven together in scientific thinking. The book is thus a contribution to science studies, the psychology of science, and general psychology.

The Psychology of Science and the Origins of the Scientific Mind

Gregory J. Feist
The Psychology of Science and the Origins of the Scientific Mind Book PDF

Author : Gregory J. Feist
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2008-10-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780300133486

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The Psychology of Science and the Origins of the Scientific Mind by Gregory J. Feist Pdf

In this book, Gregory Feist reviews and consolidates the scattered literatures on the psychology of science, then calls for the establishment of the field as a unique discipline. He offers the most comprehensive perspective yet on how science came to be possible in our species and on the important role of psychological forces in an individual’s development of scientific interest, talent, and creativity. Without a psychological perspective, Feist argues, we cannot fully understand the development of scientific thinking or scientific genius. The author explores the major subdisciplines within psychology as well as allied areas, including biological neuroscience and developmental, cognitive, personality, and social psychology, to show how each sheds light on how scientific thinking, interest, and talent arise. He assesses which elements of scientific thinking have their origin in evolved mental mechanisms and considers how humans may have developed the highly sophisticated scientific fields we know today. In his fascinating and authoritative book, Feist deals thoughtfully with the mysteries of the human mind and convincingly argues that the creation of the psychology of science as a distinct discipline is essential to deeper understanding of human thought processes.

Virtual Reality

National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Virtual Reality Research and Development
Virtual Reality Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Virtual Reality Research and Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 557 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1995-01-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780309051354

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Virtual Reality by National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Virtual Reality Research and Development Pdf

Despite widespread interest in virtual reality, research and development efforts in synthetic environments (SE)â€"the field encompassing virtual environments, teleoperation, and hybridsâ€"have remained fragmented. Virtual Reality is the first integrated treatment of the topic, presenting current knowledge along with thought-provoking vignettes about a future where SE is commonplace. This volume discusses all aspects of creating a system that will allow human operators to see, hear, smell, taste, move about, give commands, respond to conditions, and manipulate objects effectively in a real or virtual environment. The committee of computer scientists, engineers, and psychologists on the leading edge of SE development explores the potential applications of SE in the areas of manufacturing, medicine, education, training, scientific visualization, and teleoperation in hazardous environments. The committee also offers recommendations for development of improved SE technology, needed studies of human behavior and evaluation of SE systems, and government policy and infrastructure.

Methods in Psychological Research

Annabel Ness Evans,Bryan J. Rooney
Methods in Psychological Research Book PDF

Author : Annabel Ness Evans,Bryan J. Rooney
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2010-07-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781412977883

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Methods in Psychological Research by Annabel Ness Evans,Bryan J. Rooney Pdf

Annabel Ness Evans and Bryan J. Rooney provide an applied approach in this thoroughly updated second edition of Methods of Psychological Research. The authors continue to rely on student feedback from their extensive classroom experience to insure both accessibility and relevance. End-of-chapter FAQs and projects complement the in-text exercises and art to develop a refreshingly realistic methodology.

Why Science Matters

Robert W. Proctor,E. J. Capaldi
Why Science Matters Book PDF

Author : Robert W. Proctor,E. J. Capaldi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780470775431

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Why Science Matters by Robert W. Proctor,E. J. Capaldi Pdf

Why Science Matters: Understanding the Methods of Psychological Research rises above standard research methods texts by presenting an up-to-date view of contemporary psychological science as it is currently understood and practiced. Explores not only the procedural aspects of psychological research, but also delves into the issue of how to accomplish effective science. Explicates how hypotheses and theories are to be evaluated. Suggests that the proper approach to devising and evaluating theories is by abduction, not by induction or deduction alone. Incorporates new investigatory procedures, current methodologists, conflicts and issues, implications of the philosophy of science, and a lively prose style. Provides a picture of science that will engage students and expand their abilities as both scientists and psychologists.

Psychology of Technology

V.K. Kool,Rita Agrawal
Psychology of Technology Book PDF

Author : V.K. Kool,Rita Agrawal
Publisher : Springer
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 3319832700

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Psychology of Technology by V.K. Kool,Rita Agrawal Pdf

This unique treatise expands on the philosophy of technology to argue for a psychology of technology based on the complex relationships between psychology, biology and technology, especially in the light of our relationships with our digital devices, our online lives, and our human experience. Drawing from disciplines ranging from philosophy and evolution to cognition and neuroscience, it examines myriad aspects of the brain’s creative development: the cognitive, sensory, and motor processes that enable technological progress and its resulting efficiencies and deficiencies along with our discomforts and pleasures. These experiences are key to behavioral and affective processes in technology, manifest in such diverse phenomena as multitasking, the shift in tech design from ergonomics to hedonomics, and the many types of online problem behaviors. Through these rich pages, readers can understand more deeply the history and future of human adjustment and adaptation in an environment intertwined with technology—and, with the ascendance of video games and virtual reality, new conceptions of the human self. Among the topics covered: Could we have remained a tech-devoid society? Technology, ergonomics and the non-executive functions of our body. New directions in brain-computer interface. From avatars and agents to virtual reality technology.“br> On measuring affective responses to objects. Psychology, technology, ethics, and culture. A timely lens on a field that will grow in importance as it shapes our existence, Psychology of Technology will be read and discussed by not only psychologists, social scientists, and behavioral scientists, but also by technology designers and developers and those in biotechnology.

Scientific and Technological Thinking

Michael E. Gorman,Ryan D. Tweney,David C. Gooding,Alexandra P. Kincannon
Scientific and Technological Thinking Book PDF

Author : Michael E. Gorman,Ryan D. Tweney,David C. Gooding,Alexandra P. Kincannon
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2004-09-22
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781135625115

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Scientific and Technological Thinking by Michael E. Gorman,Ryan D. Tweney,David C. Gooding,Alexandra P. Kincannon Pdf

At the turn of the 21st century, the most valuable commodity in society is knowledge--particularly new knowledge that may give a culture, company, or laboratory an adaptive advantage. Knowledge about the cognitive processes that lead to discovery and invention can enhance the probability of making valuable new discoveries and inventions. Such knowledge needs to be made widely available to ensure that no particular interest group "corners the market" on techno-scientific creativity. Knowledge can also facilitate the development of business strategies and social policies based on a genuine understanding of the creative process. Furthermore, through an understanding of principles underlying the cognitive processes related to discovery, educators can utilize these principles to teach students effective problem-solving strategies as part of their education as future scientists. This book takes the reader out onto the cutting edge of research in scientific and technological thinking. The editors advocate a multiple-method approach; chapters include detailed case studies of contemporary and historical practices, experiments, computational simulations, and innovative theoretical analyses. The editors attempt a provocative synthesis of this work at the end. In order to achieve true scientific and technological progress, an understanding of the process by which species are transforming the world is needed. This book makes an important step in that direction by leading to breakthroughs in the understanding of discovery and invention.

Evolutionary Psychology and Information Systems Research

Ned Kock
Evolutionary Psychology and Information Systems Research Book PDF

Author : Ned Kock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781441961396

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Evolutionary Psychology and Information Systems Research by Ned Kock Pdf

This book is a compilation of chapters written by leading researchers from all over the world. Those researchers’ common characteristic is that they have investigated issues at the intersection of the elds of information systems (IS) and evoluti- ary psychology (EP). The main goal of this book is to serve as a reference for IS research building on EP concepts and theories (in short, IS-EP research). The book is organized in three main parts: Part I focuses on EP concepts and theories that can be used as a basis for IS-EP research; Part II provides several exemplars of IS-EP research in practice; and Part III summarizes emerging issues and debate that can inform IS-EP research, including debate regarding philosophical foundations and credibility of related ndings. IS-EP research is generally concerned with the use of concepts and theories from EP in the study of IS, particularly regarding the impact of modern information and communication technologies on the behavior of individuals, groups, and organi- tions. From a practitioners’ perspective, the most immediate consumers of IS-EP research are those who develop and use IS, of which a large contingent are in bu- nesses that employ IS to support marketing, order-taking, production, and delivery of goods and services. In this context, IS-EP ndings may be particularly useful due to the present need to design web-based interfaces that will be used by in- viduals from different cultures, and often different countries, and whose common denominator is their human nature.

Behavior Change Research and Theory

Linda Little,Elizabeth Sillence,Adam Joinson
Behavior Change Research and Theory Book PDF

Author : Linda Little,Elizabeth Sillence,Adam Joinson
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780128027059

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Behavior Change Research and Theory by Linda Little,Elizabeth Sillence,Adam Joinson Pdf

Behavior Change Research and Theory: Psychological and Technological Perspectives provides a unified account of behavior change theories and broad coverage of application domains and best practices. From a psychological and human-computer interaction perspective, the book puts a strong emphasis on the psychological foundations of behavior change, and explores the relationship between technology and behavior change. It will cover the major behavior change theories: planned behavior; health belief model; protection motivation; transtheoretical; and more recent approaches to behavior change like Nudge, and Mindspace. The section on health research and behavior change will cover interventions like diet and fitness, mental health, smoking cessation, and diabetes management. Topics also include financial and security research, and behavior change in relation to financial and other forms of sensitive information (passwords, phishing, and financial transactions). The last section will highlight the challenges and opportunities afforded by the increasing use of mobile technology with respect to the design of programs and apps aimed at facilitating behavior change and the role of social media. Provides case studies of key theoretical models of behavior change Evaluates the success of key theories Details cost/benefit analyses of each particular approach Includes techniques such as implementation intentions, self-affirmation, feedback, and social support Offers practical consideration of the impact of technology and design Delves into sustainability issues such as recycling and energy reduction Highlights future directions for research

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309486163

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Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on Reproducibility and Replicability in Science Pdf

One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.

Introduction to Psychology

Jennifer Walinga,Charles Stangor
Introduction to Psychology Book PDF

Author : Jennifer Walinga,Charles Stangor
Publisher : Hasanraza Ansari
Page : 810 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-27
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Introduction to Psychology by Jennifer Walinga,Charles Stangor Pdf

This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section.