Python Strategy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Python Strategy book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
Tigran Petrosian is a titan of chess history. All agree he was a genius of strategy, defense and sacrifice, but didn t he take too many draws? Possibly so, but when Petrosian selected and annotated his best games, that flaw disappeared, leaving only brilliance and profound chess understanding. As Garry Kasparov said: "My games with the 9th World Champion broadened my understanding of chess. Had it not been for these two defeats, I would possibly not have reached the top in chess." This book is an English translation of a Russian classic that is a favorite of many grandmasters, including Mihail Marin and Levon Aronian. A literal translation of the Russian title might be 'The Strategy of Soundness' but Python Strategy is a better fit for Petrosian s more ambitious games. As another World Champion, Max Euwe, once wrote: "Petrosian is not a tiger that pounces on its prey, but rather a python that smothers its victim."
Python for Algorithmic Trading by Yves Hilpisch Pdf
Algorithmic trading, once the exclusive domain of institutional players, is now open to small organizations and individual traders using online platforms. The tool of choice for many traders today is Python and its ecosystem of powerful packages. In this practical book, author Yves Hilpisch shows students, academics, and practitioners how to use Python in the fascinating field of algorithmic trading. You'll learn several ways to apply Python to different aspects of algorithmic trading, such as backtesting trading strategies and interacting with online trading platforms. Some of the biggest buy- and sell-side institutions make heavy use of Python. By exploring options for systematically building and deploying automated algorithmic trading strategies, this book will help you level the playing field. Set up a proper Python environment for algorithmic trading Learn how to retrieve financial data from public and proprietary data sources Explore vectorization for financial analytics with NumPy and pandas Master vectorized backtesting of different algorithmic trading strategies Generate market predictions by using machine learning and deep learning Tackle real-time processing of streaming data with socket programming tools Implement automated algorithmic trading strategies with the OANDA and FXCM trading platforms
Python 3 Object-oriented Programming by Dusty Phillips Pdf
Unleash the power of Python 3 objects About This Book Stop writing scripts and start architecting programs Learn the latest Python syntax and libraries A practical, hands-on tutorial that teaches you all about abstract design patterns and how to implement them in Python 3 Who This Book Is For If you're new to object-oriented programming techniques, or if you have basic Python skills and wish to learn in depth how and when to correctly apply object-oriented programming in Python to design software, this is the book for you. What You Will Learn Implement objects in Python by creating classes and defining methods Separate related objects into a taxonomy of classes and describe the properties and behaviors of those objects via the class interface Extend class functionality using inheritance Understand when to use object-oriented features, and more importantly when not to use them Discover what design patterns are and why they are different in Python Uncover the simplicity of unit testing and why it's so important in Python Grasp common concurrency techniques and pitfalls in Python 3 Exploit object-oriented programming in key Python technologies such as Kivy and Django. Object-oriented programming concurrently with asyncio In Detail Python 3 is more versatile and easier to use than ever. It runs on all major platforms in a huge array of use cases. Coding in Python minimizes development time and increases productivity in comparison to other languages. Clean, maintainable code is easy to both read and write using Python's clear, concise syntax. Object-oriented programming is a popular design paradigm in which data and behaviors are encapsulated in such a way that they can be manipulated together. Many modern programming languages utilize the powerful concepts behind object-oriented programming and Python is no exception. Starting with a detailed analysis of object-oriented analysis and design, you will use the Python programming language to clearly grasp key concepts from the object-oriented paradigm. This book fully explains classes, data encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and exceptions with an emphasis on when you can use each principle to develop well-designed software. You'll get an in-depth analysis of many common object-oriented design patterns that are more suitable to Python's unique style. This book will not just teach Python syntax, but will also build your confidence in how to program. You will also learn how to create maintainable applications by studying higher level design patterns. Following this, you'll learn the complexities of string and file manipulation, and how Python distinguishes between binary and textual data. Not one, but two very powerful automated testing systems will be introduced in the book. After you discover the joy of unit testing and just how easy it can be, you'll study higher level libraries such as database connectors and GUI toolkits and learn how they uniquely apply object-oriented principles. You'll learn how these principles will allow you to make greater use of key members of the Python eco-system such as Django and Kivy. This new edition includes all the topics that made Python 3 Object-oriented Programming an instant Packt classic. It's also packed with updated content to reflect recent changes in the core Python library and covers modern third-party packages that were not available on the Python 3 platform when the book was first published. Style and approach Throughout the book you will learn key object-oriented programming techniques demonstrated by comprehensive case studies in the context of a larger project.
Python: Real-World Data Science by Dusty Phillips,Fabrizio Romano,Phuong Vo.T.H,Martin Czygan,Robert Layton,Sebastian Raschka Pdf
Unleash the power of Python and its robust data science capabilities About This Book Unleash the power of Python 3 objects Learn to use powerful Python libraries for effective data processing and analysis Harness the power of Python to analyze data and create insightful predictive models Unlock deeper insights into machine learning with this vital guide to cutting-edge predictive analytics Who This Book Is For Entry-level analysts who want to enter in the data science world will find this course very useful to get themselves acquainted with Python's data science capabilities for doing real-world data analysis. What You Will Learn Install and setup Python Implement objects in Python by creating classes and defining methods Get acquainted with NumPy to use it with arrays and array-oriented computing in data analysis Create effective visualizations for presenting your data using Matplotlib Process and analyze data using the time series capabilities of pandas Interact with different kind of database systems, such as file, disk format, Mongo, and Redis Apply data mining concepts to real-world problems Compute on big data, including real-time data from the Internet Explore how to use different machine learning models to ask different questions of your data In Detail The Python: Real-World Data Science course will take you on a journey to become an efficient data science practitioner by thoroughly understanding the key concepts of Python. This learning path is divided into four modules and each module are a mini course in their own right, and as you complete each one, you'll have gained key skills and be ready for the material in the next module. The course begins with getting your Python fundamentals nailed down. After getting familiar with Python core concepts, it's time that you dive into the field of data science. In the second module, you'll learn how to perform data analysis using Python in a practical and example-driven way. The third module will teach you how to design and develop data mining applications using a variety of datasets, starting with basic classification and affinity analysis to more complex data types including text, images, and graphs. Machine learning and predictive analytics have become the most important approaches to uncover data gold mines. In the final module, we'll discuss the necessary details regarding machine learning concepts, offering intuitive yet informative explanations on how machine learning algorithms work, how to use them, and most importantly, how to avoid the common pitfalls. Style and approach This course includes all the resources that will help you jump into the data science field with Python and learn how to make sense of data. The aim is to create a smooth learning path that will teach you how to get started with powerful Python libraries and perform various data science techniques in depth.
Python: Journey from Novice to Expert by Fabrizio Romano,Dusty Phillips,Rick van Hattem Pdf
Learn core concepts of Python and unleash its power to script highest quality Python programs About This Book Develop a strong set of programming skills with Pyhton that you will be able to express in any situation, on every platform, thanks to Python's portability Stop writing scripts and start architecting programs by applying object-oriented programming techniques in Python Learn the trickier aspects of Python and put it in a structured context for deeper understanding of the language Who This Book Is For This course is meant for programmers who wants to learn Python programming from a basic to an expert level. The course is mostly self-contained and introduces Python programming to a new reader and can help him become an expert in this trade. What You Will Learn Get Python up and running on Windows, Mac, and Linux in no time Grasp the fundamental concepts of coding, along with the basics of data structures and control flow Understand when to use the functional or the object-oriented programming approach Extend class functionality using inheritance Exploit object-oriented programming in key Python technologies, such as Kivy and Django Understand how and when to use the functional programming paradigm Use the multiprocessing library, not just locally but also across multiple machines In Detail Python is a dynamic and powerful programming language, having its application in a wide range of domains. It has an easy-to-use, simple syntax, and a powerful library, which includes hundreds of modules to provide routines for a wide range of applications, thus making it a popular language among programing enthusiasts.This course will take you on a journey from basic programming practices to high-end tools and techniques giving you an edge over your peers. It follows an interesting learning path, divided into three modules. As you complete each one, you'll have gained key skills and get ready for the material in the next module.The first module will begin with exploring all the essentials of Python programming in an easy-to-understand way. This will lay a good foundation for those who are interested in digging deeper. It has a practical and example-oriented approach through which both the introductory and the advanced topics are explained. Starting with the fundamentals of programming and Python, it ends by exploring topics, like GUIs, web apps, and data science.In the second module you will learn about object oriented programming techniques in Python. Starting with a detailed analysis of object-oriented technique and design, you will use the Python programming language to clearly grasp key concepts from the object-oriented paradigm. This module fully explains classes, data encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction, and exceptions with an emphasis on when you can use each principle to develop well-designed software.With a good foundation of Python you will move onto the third module which is a comprehensive tutorial covering advanced features of the Python language. Start by creating a project-specific environment using venv. This will introduce you to various Pythonic syntax and common pitfalls before moving onto functional features and advanced concepts, thereby gaining an expert level knowledge in programming and teaching how to script highest quality Python programs. Style and approach This course follows a theory-cum-practical approach having all the ingredients that will help you jump into the field of Python programming as a novice and grow-up as an expert. The aim is to create a smooth learning path that will teach you how to get started with Python and carry out expert-level programming techniques at the end of course.
Python: Master the Art of Design Patterns by Dusty Phillips,Chetan Giridhar,Sakis Kasampalis Pdf
Ensure your code is sleek, efficient and elegant by mastering powerful Python design patterns About This Book Learn all about abstract design patterns and how to implement them in Python 3 Understand the structural, creational, and behavioral Python design patterns Get to know the context and application of design patterns to solve real-world problems in software architecture, design, and application development Discover how to simplify Design Pattern implementation using the power of Python 3 Who This Book Is For If you have basic Python skills and wish to learn in depth how to correctly apply appropriate design patterns, this course is tailor made for you. What You Will Learn Discover what design patterns are and how to apply them to writing Python Implement objects in Python by creating classes and defining methods Separate related objects into a taxonomy of classes and describe the properties and behaviors of those objects via the class interface Understand when to use object-oriented features, and more importantly when not to use them Get to know proven solutions to common design issues Explore the design principles that form the basis of software design, such as loose coupling, the Hollywood principle, and the Open Close principle, among others Use Structural Design Patterns and find out how objects and classes interact to build larger applications Improve the productivity and code base of your application using Python design patterns Secure an interface using the Proxy pattern In Detail Python is an object-oriented scripting language that is used in everything from data science to web development. Known for its simplicity, Python increases productivity and minimizes development time. Through applying essential software engineering design patterns to Python, Python code becomes even more efficient and reusable from project to project. This learning path takes you through every traditional and advanced design pattern best applied to Python code, building your skills in writing exceptional Python. Divided into three distinct modules, you'll go from foundational to advanced concepts by following a series of practical tutorials. Start with the bedrock of Python programming – the object-oriented paradigm. Rethink the way you work with Python as you work through the Python data structures and object-oriented techniques essential to modern Python programming. Build your confidence as you learn Python syntax, and how to use OOP principles with Python tools such as Django and Kivy. In the second module, run through the most common and most useful design patterns from a Python perspective. Progress through Singleton patterns, Factory patterns, Facade patterns and more all with detailed hands-on guidance. Enhance your professional abilities in in software architecture, design, and development. In the final module, run through the more complex and less common design patterns, discovering how to apply them to Python coding with the help of real-world examples. Get to grips with the best practices of writing Python, as well as creating systems architecture and troubleshooting issues. This Learning Path combines some of the best that Packt has to offer in one complete, curated package. It includes content from the following Packt products: Python 3 Object-Oriented Programming - Second Edition by Dusty Phillips Learning Python Design Patterns - Second Edition by Chetan Giridhar Mastering Python Design Patterns by Sakis Kasampalis Style and approach Advance your Python code through three distinct modules that each build on preceding content. Get the complete coverage of Python design patterns you need to write elegant and efficient code that's reusable and powerful.
Mastering Python Design Patterns by Kamon Ayeva,Sakis Kasampalis Pdf
Exploit various design patterns to master the art of solving problems using Python Key Features Master the application design using the core design patterns and latest features of Python 3.7 Learn tricks to solve common design and architectural challenges Choose the right plan to improve your programs and increase their productivity Book Description Python is an object-oriented scripting language that is used in a wide range of categories. In software engineering, a design pattern is an elected solution for solving software design problems. Although they have been around for a while, design patterns remain one of the top topics in software engineering, and are a ready source for software developers to solve the problems they face on a regular basis. This book takes you through a variety of design patterns and explains them with real-world examples. You will get to grips with low-level details and concepts that show you how to write Python code, without focusing on common solutions as enabled in Java and C++. You'll also fnd sections on corrections, best practices, system architecture, and its designing aspects. This book will help you learn the core concepts of design patterns and the way they can be used to resolve software design problems. You'll focus on most of the Gang of Four (GoF) design patterns, which are used to solve everyday problems, and take your skills to the next level with reactive and functional patterns that help you build resilient, scalable, and robust applications. By the end of the book, you'll be able to effciently address commonly faced problems and develop applications, and also be comfortable working on scalable and maintainable projects of any size. What you will learn Explore Factory Method and Abstract Factory for object creation Clone objects using the Prototype pattern Make incompatible interfaces compatible using the Adapter pattern Secure an interface using the Proxy pattern Choose an algorithm dynamically using the Strategy pattern Keep the logic decoupled from the UI using the MVC pattern Leverage the Observer pattern to understand reactive programming Explore patterns for cloud-native, microservices, and serverless architectures Who this book is for This book is for intermediate Python developers. Prior knowledge of design patterns is not required to enjoy this book.
Algorithmic Trading with Python by Chris Conlan Pdf
Algorithmic Trading with Python discusses modern quant trading methods in Python with a heavy focus on pandas, numpy, and scikit-learn. After establishing an understanding of technical indicators and performance metrics, readers will walk through the process of developing a trading simulator, strategy optimizer, and financial machine learning pipeline. This book maintains a high standard of reprocibility. All code and data is self-contained in a GitHub repo. The data includes hyper-realistic simulated price data and alternative data based on real securities. Algorithmic Trading with Python (2020) is the spiritual successor to Automated Trading with R (2016). This book covers more content in less time than its predecessor due to advances in open-source technologies for quantitative analysis.
Python Object-Oriented Programming by Steven F. Lott,Dusty Phillips Pdf
A comprehensive guide to exploring modern Python through data structures, design patterns, and effective object-oriented techniques Key Features Build an intuitive understanding of object-oriented design, from introductory to mature programs Learn the ins and outs of Python syntax, libraries, and best practices Examine a machine-learning case study at the end of each chapter Book Description Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a popular design paradigm in which data and behaviors are encapsulated in such a way that they can be manipulated together. Python Object-Oriented Programming, Fourth Edition dives deep into the various aspects of OOP, Python as an OOP language, common and advanced design patterns, and hands-on data manipulation and testing of more complex OOP systems. These concepts are consolidated by open-ended exercises, as well as a real-world case study at the end of every chapter, newly written for this edition. All example code is now compatible with Python 3.9+ syntax and has been updated with type hints for ease of learning. Steven and Dusty provide a comprehensive, illustrative tour of important OOP concepts, such as inheritance, composition, and polymorphism, and explain how they work together with Python's classes and data structures to facilitate good design. In addition, the book also features an in-depth look at Python's exception handling and how functional programming intersects with OOP. Two very powerful automated testing systems, unittest and pytest, are introduced. The final chapter provides a detailed discussion of Python's concurrent programming ecosystem. By the end of the book, you will have a thorough understanding of how to think about and apply object-oriented principles using Python syntax and be able to confidently create robust and reliable programs. What you will learn Implement objects in Python by creating classes and defining methods Extend class functionality using inheritance Use exceptions to handle unusual situations cleanly Understand when to use object-oriented features, and more importantly, when not to use them Discover several widely used design patterns and how they are implemented in Python Uncover the simplicity of unit and integration testing and understand why they are so important Learn to statically type check your dynamic code Understand concurrency with asyncio and how it speeds up programs Who this book is for If you are new to object-oriented programming techniques, or if you have basic Python skills and wish to learn how and when to correctly apply OOP principles in Python, this is the book for you. Moreover, if you are an object-oriented programmer coming from other languages or seeking a leg up in the new world of Python, you will find this book a useful introduction to Python. Minimal previous experience with Python is necessary.
Machine Learning for Algorithmic Trading by Stefan Jansen Pdf
Leverage machine learning to design and back-test automated trading strategies for real-world markets using pandas, TA-Lib, scikit-learn, LightGBM, SpaCy, Gensim, TensorFlow 2, Zipline, backtrader, Alphalens, and pyfolio. Purchase of the print or Kindle book includes a free eBook in the PDF format. Key FeaturesDesign, train, and evaluate machine learning algorithms that underpin automated trading strategiesCreate a research and strategy development process to apply predictive modeling to trading decisionsLeverage NLP and deep learning to extract tradeable signals from market and alternative dataBook Description The explosive growth of digital data has boosted the demand for expertise in trading strategies that use machine learning (ML). This revised and expanded second edition enables you to build and evaluate sophisticated supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning models. This book introduces end-to-end machine learning for the trading workflow, from the idea and feature engineering to model optimization, strategy design, and backtesting. It illustrates this by using examples ranging from linear models and tree-based ensembles to deep-learning techniques from cutting edge research. This edition shows how to work with market, fundamental, and alternative data, such as tick data, minute and daily bars, SEC filings, earnings call transcripts, financial news, or satellite images to generate tradeable signals. It illustrates how to engineer financial features or alpha factors that enable an ML model to predict returns from price data for US and international stocks and ETFs. It also shows how to assess the signal content of new features using Alphalens and SHAP values and includes a new appendix with over one hundred alpha factor examples. By the end, you will be proficient in translating ML model predictions into a trading strategy that operates at daily or intraday horizons, and in evaluating its performance. What you will learnLeverage market, fundamental, and alternative text and image dataResearch and evaluate alpha factors using statistics, Alphalens, and SHAP valuesImplement machine learning techniques to solve investment and trading problemsBacktest and evaluate trading strategies based on machine learning using Zipline and BacktraderOptimize portfolio risk and performance analysis using pandas, NumPy, and pyfolioCreate a pairs trading strategy based on cointegration for US equities and ETFsTrain a gradient boosting model to predict intraday returns using AlgoSeek's high-quality trades and quotes dataWho this book is for If you are a data analyst, data scientist, Python developer, investment analyst, or portfolio manager interested in getting hands-on machine learning knowledge for trading, this book is for you. This book is for you if you want to learn how to extract value from a diverse set of data sources using machine learning to design your own systematic trading strategies. Some understanding of Python and machine learning techniques is required.
Python Algorithmic Trading Cookbook by Pushpak Dagade Pdf
Build a solid foundation in algorithmic trading by developing, testing and executing powerful trading strategies with real market data using Python Key FeaturesBuild a strong foundation in algorithmic trading by becoming well-versed with the basics of financial marketsDemystify jargon related to understanding and placing multiple types of trading ordersDevise trading strategies and increase your odds of making a profit without human interventionBook Description If you want to find out how you can build a solid foundation in algorithmic trading using Python, this cookbook is here to help. Starting by setting up the Python environment for trading and connectivity with brokers, you’ll then learn the important aspects of financial markets. As you progress, you’ll learn to fetch financial instruments, query and calculate various types of candles and historical data, and finally, compute and plot technical indicators. Next, you’ll learn how to place various types of orders, such as regular, bracket, and cover orders, and understand their state transitions. Later chapters will cover backtesting, paper trading, and finally real trading for the algorithmic strategies that you've created. You’ll even understand how to automate trading and find the right strategy for making effective decisions that would otherwise be impossible for human traders. By the end of this book, you’ll be able to use Python libraries to conduct key tasks in the algorithmic trading ecosystem. Note: For demonstration, we're using Zerodha, an Indian Stock Market broker. If you're not an Indian resident, you won't be able to use Zerodha and therefore will not be able to test the examples directly. However, you can take inspiration from the book and apply the concepts across your preferred stock market broker of choice. What you will learnUse Python to set up connectivity with brokersHandle and manipulate time series data using PythonFetch a list of exchanges, segments, financial instruments, and historical data to interact with the real marketUnderstand, fetch, and calculate various types of candles and use them to compute and plot diverse types of technical indicatorsDevelop and improve the performance of algorithmic trading strategiesPerform backtesting and paper trading on algorithmic trading strategiesImplement real trading in the live hours of stock marketsWho this book is for If you are a financial analyst, financial trader, data analyst, algorithmic trader, trading enthusiast or anyone who wants to learn algorithmic trading with Python and important techniques to address challenges faced in the finance domain, this book is for you. Basic working knowledge of the Python programming language is expected. Although fundamental knowledge of trade-related terminologies will be helpful, it is not mandatory.
Hands-On Financial Trading with Python by Jiri Pik,Sourav Ghosh Pdf
Build and backtest your algorithmic trading strategies to gain a true advantage in the market Key FeaturesGet quality insights from market data, stock analysis, and create your own data visualisationsLearn how to navigate the different features in Python's data analysis librariesStart systematically approaching quantitative research and strategy generation/backtesting in algorithmic tradingBook Description Creating an effective system to automate your trading can help you achieve two of every trader's key goals; saving time and making money. But to devise a system that will work for you, you need guidance to show you the ropes around building a system and monitoring its performance. This is where Hands-on Financial Trading with Python can give you the advantage. This practical Python book will introduce you to Python and tell you exactly why it's the best platform for developing trading strategies. You'll then cover quantitative analysis using Python, and learn how to build algorithmic trading strategies with Zipline using various market data sources. Using Zipline as the backtesting library allows access to complimentary US historical daily market data until 2018. As you advance, you will gain an in-depth understanding of Python libraries such as NumPy and pandas for analyzing financial datasets, and explore Matplotlib, statsmodels, and scikit-learn libraries for advanced analytics. As you progress, you'll pick up lots of skills like time series forecasting, covering pmdarima and Facebook Prophet. By the end of this trading book, you will be able to build predictive trading signals, adopt basic and advanced algorithmic trading strategies, and perform portfolio optimization to help you get —and stay—ahead of the markets. What you will learnDiscover how quantitative analysis works by covering financial statistics and ARIMAUse core Python libraries to perform quantitative research and strategy development using real datasetsUnderstand how to access financial and economic data in PythonImplement effective data visualization with MatplotlibApply scientific computing and data visualization with popular Python librariesBuild and deploy backtesting algorithmic trading strategiesWho this book is for If you're a financial trader or a data analyst who wants a hands-on introduction to designing algorithmic trading strategies, then this book is for you. You don't have to be a fully-fledged programmer to dive into this book, but knowing how to use Python's core libraries and a solid grasp on statistics will help you get the most out of this book.
Systematic trading allows you to test and evaluate your trading ideas before risking your money. By formulating trading ideas as concrete rules, you can evaluate past performance and draw conclusions about the viability of your trading plan. Following systematic rules provides a consistent approach where you will have some degree of predictability of returns, and perhaps more importantly, it takes emotions and second guessing out of the equation. From the onset, getting started with professional grade development and backtesting of systematic strategies can seem daunting. Many resort to simplified software which will limit your potential. Trading Evolved will guide you all the way, from getting started with the industry standard Python language, to setting up a professional backtesting environment of your own. The book will explain multiple trading strategies in detail, with full source code, to get you well on the path to becoming a professional systematic trader. This is a highly practical book, where every aspect is explained, all source code shown and no holds barred. Written by Andreas F. Clenow, author of the international best sellers Following the Trend and Stocks on the Move, Trading Evolved goes into greater depth and covers strategies for trading both futures and equities. "Trading Evolved is an incredible resource for aspiring quants. Clenow does an excellent job making complex subjects easy to access and understand. Bravo." -- Wes Gray, PhD, CEO Alpha Architect
Python’s simplicity lets you become productive quickly, but this often means you aren’t using everything it has to offer. With this hands-on guide, you’ll learn how to write effective, idiomatic Python code by leveraging its best—and possibly most neglected—features. Author Luciano Ramalho takes you through Python’s core language features and libraries, and shows you how to make your code shorter, faster, and more readable at the same time. Many experienced programmers try to bend Python to fit patterns they learned from other languages, and never discover Python features outside of their experience. With this book, those Python programmers will thoroughly learn how to become proficient in Python 3. This book covers: Python data model: understand how special methods are the key to the consistent behavior of objects Data structures: take full advantage of built-in types, and understand the text vs bytes duality in the Unicode age Functions as objects: view Python functions as first-class objects, and understand how this affects popular design patterns Object-oriented idioms: build classes by learning about references, mutability, interfaces, operator overloading, and multiple inheritance Control flow: leverage context managers, generators, coroutines, and concurrency with the concurrent.futures and asyncio packages Metaprogramming: understand how properties, attribute descriptors, class decorators, and metaclasses work
