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Quantum Aspects of Life by Derek Abbott,Paul C W Davies,Arun K Pati Pdf
This book presents the hotly debated question of whether quantum mechanics plays a non-trivial role in biology. In a timely way, it sets out a distinct quantum biology agenda. The burgeoning fields of nanotechnology, biotechnology, quantum technology, and quantum information processing are now strongly converging. The acronym BINS, for Bio-Info-Nano-Systems, has been coined to describe the synergetic interface of these several disciplines. The living cell is an information replicating and processing system that is replete with naturally-evolved nanomachines, which at some level require a quantum mechanical description. As quantum engineering and nanotechnology meet, increasing use will be made of biological structures, or hybrids of biological and fabricated systems, for producing novel devices for information storage and processing and other tasks. An understanding of these systems at a quantum mechanical level will be indispensable. Contents:Foreword (Sir R Penrose)Emergence and Complexity:A Quantum Origin of Life? (P C W Davies)Quantum Mechanics and Emergence (S Lloyd)Quantum Mechanisms in Biology:Quantum Coherence and the Search for the First Replicator (J Al-Khalili & J McFadden)Ultrafast Quantum Dynamics in Photosynthesis (A O Castro, F F Olsen, C F Lee & N F Johnson)Modelling Quantum Decoherence in Biomolecules (J Bothma, J Gilmore & R H McKenzie)The Biological Evidence:Molecular Evolution: A Role for Quantum Mechanics in the Dynamics of Molecular Machines that Read and Write DNA (A Goel)Memory Depends on the Cytoskeleton, but is it Quantum? (A Mershin & D V Nanopoulos)Quantum Metabolism and Allometric Scaling Relations in Biology (L Demetrius)Spectroscopy of the Genetic Code (J D Bashford & P D Jarvis)Towards Understanding the Origin of Genetic Languages (A D Patel)Artificial Quantum Life:Can Arbitrary Quantum Systems Undergo Self-Replication? (A K Pati & S L Braunstein)A Semi-Quantum Version of the Game of Life (A P Flitney & D Abbott)Evolutionary Stability in Quantum Games (A Iqbal & T Cheon)Quantum Transmemetic Intelligence (E W Piotrowski & J S≈adkowski)The Debate:Dreams versus Reality: Plenary Debate Session on Quantum Computing (For Panel: C M Caves, D Lidar, H Brandt, A R Hamilton, Against Panel: D K Ferry, J Gea-Banacloche, S M Bezrukov, L B Kish, Debate Chair: C R Doering, Transcript Editor: D Abbott)Plenary Debate: Quantum Effects in Biology: Trivial or Not? (For Panel: P C W Davies, S Hameroff, A Zeilinger, D Abbott, Against Panel: J Eisert, H M Wiseman, S M Bezrukov, H Frauenfelder, Debate Chair: J Gea-Banacloche, Transcript Editor: D Abbott)Nontrivial Quantum Effects in Biology: A Skeptical Physicist's View (H Wiseman & J Eisert)That's Life! — The Geometry of π Electron Clouds (S Hameroff) Readership: Graduate students and researchers in quantum physics, biophysics, nanosciences, quantum chemistry, mathematical biology and complexity theory, as well as philosophers of science. Keywords:Quantum Biology;Quantum Computation;Quantum Mechanics;Biophysics;Nanotechnology;Quantum Technology;Quantum Information Processing;Bio-Info-Nano-Systems (BINS);Emergence;Complexity;Complex Systems;Cellular Automata;Game Theory;Biomolecules;Photosynthesis;DNA;Genetic Code;DecoherenceKey Features:Is structured in a debate style, where contributors argue opposing positionsBrings together some of the finest minds and latest developments in the fieldIs entirely unique and there are no competing titles
Life on the Edge by Johnjoe McFadden,Jim Al-Khalili Pdf
New York Times bestseller • Life on the Edge alters our understanding of our world's fundamental dynamics through the use of quantum mechanics. Life is the most extraordinary phenomenon in the known universe; but how did it come to be? Even in an age of cloning and artificial biology, the remarkable truth remains: nobody has ever made anything living entirely out of dead material. Life remains the only way to make life. Are we still missing a vital ingredient in its creation? Using first-hand experience at the cutting edge of science, Jim Al-Khalili and Johnjoe Macfadden reveal that missing ingredient to be quantum mechanics. Drawing on recent ground-breaking experiments around the world, each chapter in Life on the Edge illustrates one of life's puzzles: How do migrating birds know where to go? How do we really smell the scent of a rose? How do our genes copy themselves with such precision? Life on the Edge accessibly reveals how quantum mechanics can answer these probing questions of the universe. Guiding the reader through the rapidly unfolding discoveries of the last few years, Al-Khalili and McFadden describe the explosive new field of quantum biology and its potentially revolutionary applications, while offering insights into the biggest puzzle of all: what is life? As they brilliantly demonstrate in these groundbreaking pages, life exists on the quantum edge. Winner, Stephen Hawking Medal for Science Communication
Quantum Biological Information Theory by Ivan B. Djordjevic Pdf
This book is a self-contained, tutorial-based introduction to quantum information theory and quantum biology. It serves as a single-source reference to the topic for researchers in bioengineering, communications engineering, electrical engineering, applied mathematics, biology, computer science, and physics. The book provides all the essential principles of the quantum biological information theory required to describe the quantum information transfer from DNA to proteins, the sources of genetic noise and genetic errors as well as their effects. Integrates quantum information and quantum biology concepts; Assumes only knowledge of basic concepts of vector algebra at undergraduate level; Provides a thorough introduction to basic concepts of quantum information processing, quantum information theory, and quantum biology; Includes in-depth discussion of the quantum biological channel modelling, quantum biological channel capacity calculation, quantum models of aging, quantum models of evolution, quantum models on tumor and cancer development, quantum modeling of bird navigation compass, quantum aspects of photosynthesis, quantum biological error correction.
This book intends to give a systematic exposition of the validity of quantum principles in biological systems. There are two types of applications of quantum theory in physical systems -- the 'trivial applications' and 'non-trivial applications'. Since every object in this universe consists of atoms and molecules, they should be described by the laws of quantum theory -- which we call trivial applications. On the other hand, there exist some systems where the observational results cannot be explained by the laws of classical physics and this requires a change of paradigm -- these are known as non-trivial applications. Many authors pointed out such non-trivial applications of quantum theory to explain how some biological systems function. In this book, we review such kinds of results in a systematic manner which clearly indicates the need to change the paradigm to understand these biological systems better.
Introduction to Quantum Biology by Victor Anisimov,James J.P. Stewart Pdf
This book introduces the reader to the theory and methodology of quantum-mechanical modeling of chemical and biological systems. Given the immense complexity of such systems, there is a constant search for new methods. The goal of this text is to derive approximate (semi-empirical) methods to address this class of problems and to provide insight for their continued development. The authors cover such important topics as molecular dynamics, high performance computing, free energy calculations, statistical mechanics, long-range electrostatics, and many-electron systems. They also discuss applications for water salvation, chemical reactions, conformational sampling, and structure relaxation.
Advances in Methods and Applications of Quantum Systems in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology by Alexander V. Glushkov,Olga Yu. Khetselius,Jean Maruani,Erkki Brändas Pdf
This book reviews the most significant advances in concepts, methods, and applications of quantum systems in a broad variety of problems in modern chemistry, physics, and biology. In particular, it discusses atomic, molecular, and solid structure, dynamics and spectroscopy, relativistic and correlation effects in quantum chemistry, topics of computational chemistry, physics and biology, as well as applications of theoretical chemistry and physics in advanced molecular and nano-materials and biochemical systems. The book contains peer-reviewed contributions written by leading experts in the fields and based on the presentations given at the Twenty-Fourth International Workshop on Quantum Systems in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology held in Odessa, Ukraine, in August 2019. This book is aimed at advanced graduate students, academics, and researchers, both in university and corporation laboratories, interested in state-of-the-art and novel trends in quantum chemistry, physics, biology, and their applications.
Author David Thomson and Jim Bourassa have founded the Quantum AetherDynamics Institute, an organization dedicated to understanding the Aether. For the first time in human history, the Aether is fully quantified based upon empirical data. Through a very simple observation noted nearly 200 years ago by Charles Coulomb, the electromagnetic units have been corrected of an error that has led physics astray for so long. Now, electrodynamics expresses in simple dimensional equations, the neurosciences unite with quantum and classical physics, and we can precisely model the geometry of subatomic particles.
Advances in Quantum Systems in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology by Liliana Mammino,Davide Ceresoli,Jean Maruani,Erkki Brändas Pdf
This edited, multi-author book gathers selected, peer-reviewed contributions based on papers presented at the 23rd International Workshop on Quantum Systems in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology (QSCP-XXIII), held in Mopani Camp, The Kruger National Park, South Africa, in September 2018. The content is primarily intended for scholars, researchers, and graduate students working at universities and scientific institutes who are interested in the structure, properties, dynamics, and spectroscopy of atoms, molecules, biological systems, and condensed matter.
NEUROQUANTOLOGY: QUANTUM PHYSICS IN BRAIN by SULTAN TARLACI Pdf
Although quantum mechanics has been around since the beginning of the 20th century, it is only in the last twenty or thirty years that it has begun to find practical applications in everyday life. And in the past twenty years in particular, those working on quantum mechanics and neuroscience have begun to take an interest in each other’s fields. First physicists took an interest in the nervous system, and later, not to be outdone, neuroscientists started to look at quantum physics. In addition, despite there not being a suitable platform, conferences on quantum physics strangely became the scene for discussions on the concepts of consciousness, conscious measurement, and the observer. At neuroscience conferences, discussion started as to whether quantum physics had a place in the communication between nerve cells, and whether the description by classical physics only was insufficient to explain some of the workings of the brain. And after 2000, academic meetings attended by both neuroscientists and quantum physicists started to be held under the title of Quantum Mind/Brain. The speakers at these conferences were not New Age writers or amateurs who ascribe everything to quantum physics; most of them were leading physicists and neuroscientists. What they did and what they wrote was not outside objective scientific practice. NeuroQuantology (2001) is first and foremost a new scientific discipline, just like neuroanatomy (1895), neurobiology (1910), neuroendocrinology, neurochemistry (1920-25), neuropharmacology (1950), neurophilosophy (1989), and neurotheology (1994). It was an approach that blended neuroscience and quantum physics to search with the help of quantum physics for answers to questions which neuroscience alone could not answer. Following the sowing of this first seed, the word NeuroQuantology was used for the first time in 2001, and I became the founder and father first of a journal and then of a potential new field of science. The name was as much a product of inspiration as it was of logic. Of course, there are plenty of clinical and theoretical terms beginning with neuro-, so I was surprised that this particular expression as NeuroQuantology had not been used previously. Up to that time, interdisciplinary articles on neuroscience and related quantum physics had been published in various pioneering physics and neuroscience journals under the heading of “quantum mind/brain”. These were generally articles trying to explain the relationship between measurement and observer problems in quantum physics. Moreover, occasionally, space was given in some cognitive science journals to articles discussing whether quantum physics would solve unanswered questions of free will, choice, decision-making and consciousness. International conferences were organised under the heading of “quantum mind”. But there was no academic journal which covered all such topics. Since 2003, neuroscience and quantum physics have been growing together by examining two main topics under the NeuroQuantology. One of these is the problem of measurement in quantum mechanics. The measurement problem has brought many other still unanswered questions in its train. In classical physics, there is only an observer, but quantum mechanics has become embroiled in unending discussion about whether this person is an observer, a participant in the measurement, or even a reporter of the result of the measurement. There is increasing discussion in many articles on whether consciousness operates on measurement, and if it does, to what extent. The Copenhagen interpretation, which has been around since the beginning of quantum mechanics, while suggesting solutions to multiple worlds and the theory of hidden variables, has not been part of a clear answer to the question of what role the observer plays. Eugene Wigner, John Carew Eccles, David Bohm, Stuart Hameroff, Roger Penrose, Ewan Harris Walker, Henry Stapp, Jack Sarfatti and many other distinguished people have produced mathematical equations or theoretical framework to show the role of consciousness in quantum mechanics, but so far there is no generally accepted approach. If a conscious observer really does have an effect on quantum measurements, many of our equations will have to be drastically changed. The other main topic of NeuroQuantology is quantum neurobiology: that is, the brain operates not only at a classical, macroscopic level, but also at a quantum, microscopic level. It covers the question of where this level begins and whether it has a bearing on our consciousness, mind, memory and decision-making processes. And, last subtopic is quantum biology. Quantum biology refers to applications of quantum mechanics to biological objects and problems. Usually, it is taken to refer to applications of the "non-trivial" quantum features such as superposition, nonlocality, entanglement and tunneling, as opposed to the "trivial" but ubiquitous quantum mechanical nature of chemical bonding, ionization, and other phenomena that are the basis of the fundamental biophysics and biochemistry of organisms. Many biological processes involve the conversion of energy into forms that are usable for chemical transformations and are quantum mechanical in nature. Such processes involve chemical reactions, light absorption, formation of excited electronic states, transfer of excitation energy, and the transfer of electrons and protons (hydrogen ions) in chemical processes such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration. The last decade has produced some significant work showing how quantum effects can occur in biological systems, with advances in three areas utilizing three of the key ideas from quantum physics having been particularly prominent in the media, although often with a certain amount of controversy: superposition in photosynthesis, entanglement in magnetoreception and quantum tunneling in smell perception. The last decade has also seen some significant advances in our understanding of the brain, from research into how quantum computation might create consciousness through coherence in microtubules, to calls for the emergence of a new field of quantum psychiatry/psychopathology to use our understanding of quantum effects in the brain to help tackle mental illness. Discussions focused on the manner in which quantum effects might not just be occurring in the healthy brain, but also creating pathological symptoms, including mental illnesses such as depression and schizophrenia. The first peoples to suggest that quantum mechanics could operate in biology, even though they were the godfathers of quantum mechanics (Niels Bohr, Erwin Schrödinger, Herbert Fröhlich, Walter Heitler, and Max Delbrück), now after 100 years have passed have been squeezed into quantum mechanics and the physics and chemistry of solid, dead matter. Thus, the biological structures that are taught from primary school are made up of physical and chemical structures. Erwin Schrödinger was also one of the first scientists to suggest a study of quantum biology in his 1944 book What Is Life? Incomprehensibly, there has been resistance for a century to quantum biology. NeuroQuantology provides the motivation to break down this resistance and open further a new door to quantum neurobiology.
Advances in Quantum Methods and Applications in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology by Matti Hotokka,Erkki J. Brändas,Jean Maruani,Gerardo Delgado-Barrio Pdf
Advances in Quantum Methods and Applications in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology includes peer-reviewed contributions based on carefully selected presentations given at the 17th International Workshop on Quantum Systems in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology. New trends and state-of-the-art developments in the quantum theory of atomic and molecular systems, and condensed matter (including biological systems and nanostructures) are described by academics of international distinction.
Life on the Edge by Johnjoe McFadden,Jim Al-Khalili Pdf
New York Times bestseller • Life on the Edge alters our understanding of our world's fundamental dynamics through the use of quantum mechanics. Life is the most extraordinary phenomenon in the known universe; but how did it come to be? Even in an age of cloning and artificial biology, the remarkable truth remains: nobody has ever made anything living entirely out of dead material. Life remains the only way to make life. Are we still missing a vital ingredient in its creation? Using first-hand experience at the cutting edge of science, Jim Al-Khalili and Johnjoe Macfadden reveal that missing ingredient to be quantum mechanics. Drawing on recent ground-breaking experiments around the world, each chapter in Life on the Edge illustrates one of life's puzzles: How do migrating birds know where to go? How do we really smell the scent of a rose? How do our genes copy themselves with such precision? Life on the Edge accessibly reveals how quantum mechanics can answer these probing questions of the universe. Guiding the reader through the rapidly unfolding discoveries of the last few years, Al-Khalili and McFadden describe the explosive new field of quantum biology and its potentially revolutionary applications, while offering insights into the biggest puzzle of all: what is life? As they brilliantly demonstrate in these groundbreaking pages, life exists on the quantum edge. Winner, Stephen Hawking Medal for Science Communication
Light Harvesting in Photosynthesis by Roberta Croce,Rienk van Grondelle,Herbert van Amerongen,Ivo van Stokkum Pdf
This landmark collective work introduces the physical, chemical, and biological principles underlying photosynthesis: light absorption, excitation energy transfer, and charge separation. It begins with an introduction to properties of various pigments, and the pigment proteins in plant, algae, and bacterial systems. It addresses the underlying physics of light harvesting and key spectroscopic methods, including data analysis. It discusses assembly of the natural system, its energy transfer properties, and regulatory mechanisms. It also addresses light-harvesting in artificial systems and the impact of photosynthesis on our environment. The chapter authors are amongst the field’s world recognized experts. Chapters are divided into five main parts, the first focused on pigments, their properties and biosynthesis, and the second section looking at photosynthetic proteins, including light harvesting in higher plants, algae, cyanobacteria, and green bacteria. The third part turns to energy transfer and electron transport, discussing modeling approaches, quantum aspects, photoinduced electron transfer, and redox potential modulation, followed by a section on experimental spectroscopy in light harvesting research. The concluding final section includes chapters on artificial photosynthesis, with topics such as use of cyanobacteria and algae for sustainable energy production. Robert Croce is Head of the Biophysics Group and full professor in biophysics of photosynthesis/energy at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam. Rienk van Grondelle is full professor at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam. Herbert van Amerongen is full professor of biophysics in the Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences at Wageningen University, where he is also director of the MicroSpectroscopy Research Facility. Ivo van Stokkum is associate professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.
Marrying physics and biology, McFadden theorizes that evolution may not be random but directed, and that quantum mechanics endows living organisms with the ability to initiate specific actions, including new mutations. Illustrations.
