Race And Ethnicity In The Juvenile And Criminal Justice Systems

Author : Jennifer Peck
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351332507

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Race and Ethnicity in the Juvenile and Criminal Justice Systems by Jennifer Peck Pdf

Over the last few decades, the racial and ethnic composition of the United States has changed dramatically. This seismic transformation has important implications for theory, research, policy, and public opinion – perhaps most crucially around the topic of race/ethnicity and our justice systems. Recent national events – from Ferguson, to ferocious public debate about racism, to media depictions of police violence – have reawakened the tense question of race relations in the 21st century. This edited collection of research aims to highlight contemporary issues surrounding the overrepresentation of racial and ethnic minorities throughout both the juvenile and adult criminal justice systems. Our contributors cover both formal sources of social control (e.g. police, courts, correction facilities) and perceptions and public opinions of the relationship between race/ethnicity and offending behaviors. As the intellectual sphere ignites with fresh debate, old questions redefined and new ones asked, this publication provides innovative insight into how race and ethnicity interconnect with all aspects of criminology and criminal justice. Furthermore it helps encourage directions for future research, practice, and public policy. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Crime and Justice.

Author : Tina L. Freiburger,Kareem L. Jordan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2016-12-01
Category : Discrimination in juvenile justice administration
ISBN : 1611635349

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Race and Ethnicity in the Juvenile Justice System by Tina L. Freiburger,Kareem L. Jordan Pdf

Race and Ethnicity in the Juvenile Justice System provides a comprehensive empirical examination of the role of race and ethnicity in the juvenile court. Using empirical research as a foundation, the authors examine how race and ethnicity influence multiple decision points for youth entering the juvenile system including arrest, referral, petition, pre-adjudication release, adjudication, and disposition. The authors ground the decision-making in a separate chapter that exclusively focuses on theories that can be used to explain the role of race and ethnicity in juvenile justice processing. Additionally, there is an examination of how community factors differentially impact decision-making based on the race/ethnicity of youth, the role of race/ethnicity in the practice of transferring youth to adult court, and how race influences juveniles' perceptions of police and the juvenile system. Also, the authors empirically examine the role of race/ethnicity on the processing of status offenders and how it influences female involvement in delinquency. In framing all of these salient issues in the proper context, the authors provide a historical analysis on the role of race in development of the juvenile court system and how different races were treated both before and after the juvenile court's implementation. The underlying theme of the text is that all races/ethnicities of youth were not initially served by or meant to benefit from the juvenile court. Therefore, the continuing racial and ethnic disparities currently observed in the system can be traced to the pre-juvenile court era.

Author : Darnell F. Hawkins,Kimberly Kempf-Leonard
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226319919

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Our Children, Their Children by Darnell F. Hawkins,Kimberly Kempf-Leonard Pdf

In Our Children, Their Children, a prominent team of researchers argues that a second-rate and increasingly punitive juvenile justice system is allowed to persist because most people believe it is designed for children in other ethnic and socioeconomic groups. While public opinion, laws, and social policies that convey distinctions between "our children" and "their children" may seem to conflict with the American ideal of blind justice, they are hardly at odds with patterns of group differentiation and inequality that have characterized much of American history. Our Children, Their Children provides a state-of-the-science examination of racial and ethnic disparities in the American juvenile justice system. Here, contributors document the precise magnitude of these disparities, seek to determine their causes, and propose potential solutions. In addition to race and ethnicity, contributors also look at the effects on juvenile justice of suburban sprawl, the impact of family and neighborhood, bias in postarrest decisions, and mental health issues. Assessing the implications of these differences for public policy initiatives and legal reforms, this volume is the first critical summary of what is known and unknown in this important area of social research.

Author : Ramiro Martinez, Jr.,Meghan E. Hollis,Jacob I. Stowell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781119113775

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The Handbook of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice by Ramiro Martinez, Jr.,Meghan E. Hollis,Jacob I. Stowell Pdf

This Handbook presents current and future studies on the changing dynamics of the role of immigrants and the impact of immigration, across the United States and industrialized and developing nations. It covers the changing dynamics of race, ethnicity, and immigration, and discusses how it all contributes to variations in crime, policing, and the overall justice system. Through acknowledging that some groups, especially people of color, are disproportionately influenced more than others in the case of criminal justice reactions, the “War on Drugs”, and hate crimes; this Handbook introduces the importance of studying race and crime so as to better understand it. It does so by recommending that researchers concentrate on ethnic diversity in a national and international context in order to broaden their demographic and expand their understanding of how to attain global change. Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, The Handbook of Race and Crime is presented in five sections—An Overview of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice; Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Crime; Race, Gender, and the Justice System; Gender and Crime; and Race, Gender and Comparative Criminology. Each section of the book addresses a key area of research, summarizes findings or shortcomings whenever possible, and provides new results relevant to race/crime and justice. Every contribution is written by a top expert in the field and based on the latest research. With a sharp focus on contemporary race, ethnicity, crime, and justice studies, The Handbook of Race and Crime is the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars interested in the disciplines such as Criminology, Race and Ethnicity, Race and the Justice System, and the Sociology of Race.

Author : Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Law and Justice,Panel on Juvenile Crime: Prevention, Treatment, and Control
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2001-06-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309172356

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Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice by Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Law and Justice,Panel on Juvenile Crime: Prevention, Treatment, and Control Pdf

Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.

Author : Paul R. Ketchum,B. Mitchell Peck
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781529202427

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Disproportionate Minority Contact and Racism in the US by Paul R. Ketchum,B. Mitchell Peck Pdf

Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) refers to the proportional overrepresentation of minority youth at each step of the juvenile justice system. This book addresses the issue of color-blind racism through an examination of the circular logic used by the juvenile justice system to criminalize non-White youth. Drawing on original data, including interviews with court and probation officers and juvenile self-reports, the authors call for a need to understand racial and ethnic inequality in the juvenile justice system from a structural perspective rather than simply at the level of individual bias. This unique research will contribute to larger discussions on how race operates in the United States.

Author : Shaun L. Gabbidon
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781412949880

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Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice by Shaun L. Gabbidon Pdf

This book provides case studies from countries around the world regarding the nature and scope of concerns related to race, ethnicity, crime and justice. The text centres primarily on English-speaking countries where they have encountered problems related to race, ethnicity, crime and justice. The book is designed to be used as either a main or supplementary text for courses focusing on race and crime, minorities and crime, and diversity in criminal justice. Additionally, it can also be used in sociology and ethnic studies courses that focus on race and crime.

Author : Wendi Johnson,James Windell
Publisher : Cognella Academic Publishing
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-07
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1516512928

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Race, Delinquency, and Juvenile Justice (First Edition) by Wendi Johnson,James Windell Pdf

Juvenile Delinquency in American Society: Race, Class, and Politics examines juvenile delinquency and the juvenile justice system as they are influenced by matters of race and ethnicity. Rooted in current research, the book explores how race and racism play a role in which youth are arrested, which are adjudicated delinquents in juvenile courts, and which end up in residential facilities, juvenile detention centers, or adult prisons. The content is organized into four primary units covering the historical context of race, theories of race and delinquency, the social context of race and delinquency, and current issues in juvenile justice. Specific topics include the impact of race on the social construction of adolescence, measures and correlates of delinquency, social process, life course, and critical theories, the school-to-prison pipeline, and corrections and punishment in the modern era. With its thoughtful exploration of a critical issue, Juvenile Delinquency in American Society is designed to serve as a primary text in college and university courses in criminal justice and juvenile justice. It can also be used to provide in-service training for professionals at all levels within the juvenile justice system.

Author : Eileen Poe-Yamagata
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781437903263

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And Justice for Some by Eileen Poe-Yamagata Pdf

The over-representation of minorities, particularly African Amer., in the nation¿s prisons has received much attention in recent years. However, the disproportionate representation of racial/ethnic groups is not limited to adult prisons and jails. It is also found among youth confined in secure juvenile facilities. Since many data systems fail to disaggregate ethnicity from race, Latino youth are often counted as ¿White.¿ As a result, data on the extent to which minority populations are over-represented in the juvenile justice system are generally underreported in the analysis of this issue. This report presents several sources of data and utilizes both original and previously published analysis. Tables and graphs.

Author : Carl E. Pope
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Discrimination in criminal justice administration
ISBN : UOM:39015034526155

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Minorities and the Juvenile Justice System by Carl E. Pope Pdf

Author : Michael J. Lynch,E. Britt Patterson,Kristina K. Childs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2008-01-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781881798866

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Racial Divide by Michael J. Lynch,E. Britt Patterson,Kristina K. Childs Pdf

This anthology provides a balanced assessment of whether the American criminal justice system is guilty of bias in its treatment of racial and ethnic minorities. Contexts in which this question is explored include: policing and perceptions of police, sentencing, prison populations, racial profiling and forensic sciences.the diverse theories on disparities in the criminal justice process;evidence of racial prejudice in policing;African-American citizens' and police officers' perceptions of police bias;disparities in sentencing;differential sentencing patterns among juvenile drug offenders;minority overrepresentation in the prison population;the application of the death penalty;racial profiling of white customers in retail stores;misuse of race and racial identification in the forensic sciences;residents' proximity to environmental hazards and enforcement of environmental regulations

Author : Matthew B. Robinson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Crime and race
ISBN : 1531016383

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Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice by Matthew B. Robinson Pdf

"The second edition of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice presents the latest research on studies of race, ethnicity, and justice practices at the juvenile and adult levels. With a focus on intersectionality, the text shows how these extralegal factors interact with others to help understand outcomes such as disparities in excessive use of force by the police and court sentencing, as well as disproportionate minority confinement in corrections. Designed to be brief yet thorough, the text covers the most important issues related to race and ethnicity as they pertain to the law, crime and delinquency, policing, courts, and corrections. Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice is highly readable and classroom friendly while also making a meaningful contribution to the literature on the topic"--

Author : Shaun L. Gabbidon,Helen Taylor Greene
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2015-09-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781483384191

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Race and Crime by Shaun L. Gabbidon,Helen Taylor Greene Pdf

Written by two of the most prominent criminologists in the field, Race and Crime, Fourth Edition examines how racial and ethnic groups intersect with the U.S. criminal justice system. Award winning authors Shaun L. Gabbidon and Helen Taylor Greene provide students with the latest data and research on White, Black, Hispanic/Latino, Asian-American, and Native American intersections with the criminal justice system. Rich with several timely topics such as biosocial theory, violent victimizations, police bias, and immigration policing, the Fourth Edition continues to investigate modern-day issues relevant to understanding race/ethnicity and crime in the United States. A thought-provoking discussion of contemporary issues is uniquely balanced with an historical context to offer students a panoramic perspective on race and crime. Accessible and reader friendly, this comprehensive text shows students how race and ethnicity have mattered and continue to matter in the administration of justice.

Author : Barry C. Feld,Donna M. Bishop
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 955 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2012-01-12
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780195385106

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The Oxford Handbook of Juvenile Crime and Juvenile Justice by Barry C. Feld,Donna M. Bishop Pdf

State-of-the-art critical reviews of recent scholarship on the causes of juvenile delinquency, juvenile justice system responses, and public policies to prevent and reduce youth crime are brought together in a single volume authored by leading scholars and researchers in neuropsychology, developmental and social psychology, sociology, history, criminology/criminal justice, and law.

Author : Wendi Johnson,Abu Mboka,James Windell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 151651291X

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Juvenile Delinquency in American Society by Wendi Johnson,Abu Mboka,James Windell Pdf

Juvenile Delinquency in American Society: Race, Class, and Politics examines juvenile delinquency and the juvenile justice system as they are influenced by matters of race and ethnicity. Rooted in current research, the book explores how race and racism play a role in which youth are arrested, which are adjudicated delinquents in juvenile courts, and which end up in residential facilities, juvenile detention centers, or adult prisons. The content is organized into four primary units covering the historical context of race, theories of race and delinquency, the social context of race and delinquency, and current issues in juvenile justice. Specific topics include the impact of race on the social construction of adolescence, measures and correlates of delinquency, social process, life course, and critical theories, the school-to-prison pipeline, and corrections and punishment in the modern era. With its thoughtful exploration of a critical issue, Juvenile Delinquency in American Society is designed to serve as a primary text in college and university courses in criminal justice and juvenile justice. It can also be used to provide in-service training for professionals at all levels within the juvenile justice system. James Windell has worked for many years as a court clinical psychologist. He is an adjunct faculty member of criminal justice at Wayne State University and a lecturer at Oakland University, both in Michigan. Windell is the author of The American Criminal Justice System and Looking Back in Crime. Abu Mboka holds a Ph.D. from Arizona State University and worked for several years at a juvenile corrections facility where he was assigned to violent offenders, sex offenders, and substance abusers. Dr. Mboka is now an associate professor of criminal justice at California State University, Stanislaus.