Radiation Exposure And Occupational Risks

Author : Eberhard Scherer,Christian Streffer,Klaus-Rüdiger Trott
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642838026

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Radiation Exposure and Occupational Risks by Eberhard Scherer,Christian Streffer,Klaus-Rüdiger Trott Pdf

The aim of radiation protection standards is to make the radiation workplace as safe as is humanly possible. The gradual evolution over the last 20 years has been towards a more precise definition of the limits for occupational exposure. These have been created not only in terms of short-term effects but also more importantly in terms of long-term risks involving such problems as the potential for carcinogenesis and genetic change. In the United States the National Committee for Radiation Protection has recom mended that 5 rems (50 mSv) should remain as the maximum permissible dose equiva lent for total body exposure. This would represent the sum of internal and external ex posure and should be regarded as the upper limit allowed. The community of radiation users is required to conduct its operations in such a man ner that the absolute value of the individual's dose equivalent in rems does not exceed his age in years. There should be additional limits for tissues and organs based on short term effects. Therefore, individual organs are limited to dose equivalents low enough to ensure that the dose threshold values are not exceeded.

Author : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2006-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309133340

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Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation,National Research Council Pdf

This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.

Author : Shengli Niu,Pascal Deboodt,Hajo Zeeb
Publisher : International Labor Office
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Cancer
ISBN : UCBK:C107657887

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Approaches to Attribution of Detrimental Health Effects to Occupational Ionizing Radiation Exposure and Their Application in Compensation Programmes for Cancer by Shengli Niu,Pascal Deboodt,Hajo Zeeb Pdf

Jointly published by three international organizations with mandates relating to occupational health and ionizing radiation - the ILO, IAEA and WHO - the publication will be useful for national authorities, trade unions, employers and other parties with an interest in ensuring an equitable approach to workers' compensation.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V)
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1990-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309039956

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Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR V) Pdf

This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Nuclear industry
ISBN : UOM:39015041358428

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Proposed Federal Radiation Protection Guidance for Occupational Exposure by Anonim Pdf

Author : United States. Task Force on Occupational Radiation Exposure Regulations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Government publications
ISBN : PURD:32754076104912

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Report of the Task Force on Occupational Radiation Exposure Regulations by United States. Task Force on Occupational Radiation Exposure Regulations Pdf

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015042952062

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Occupational Radiation Protection by International Atomic Energy Agency Pdf

The present Safety Guide provides general guidance on the establishment of an effective radiation protection programme for occupational exposure, appropriate for the sources of radiation likely to be encountered in a range of industries, medical institutions, educational and research establishments and nuclear fuel cycle facilities. The report further provides the necessary guidance to meet the requirements as laid down in Safety Series No. 115, International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (1996).

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1997-10-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309058957

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An Evaluation of Radiation Exposure Guidance for Military Operations by Institute of Medicine Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Committee on Earth Resources,Committee on Uranium Mining in Virginia
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309220873

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Uranium Mining in Virginia by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Committee on Earth Resources,Committee on Uranium Mining in Virginia Pdf

Uranium mining in the Commonwealth of Virginia has been prohibited since 1982 by a state moratorium, although approval for restricted uranium exploration in the state was granted in 2007. Uranium Mining in Virginia examines the scientific, technical, environmental, human health and safety, and regulatory aspects of uranium mining, milling, and processing as they relate to the Commonwealth of Virginia for the purpose of assisting the Commonwealth to determine whether uranium mining, milling, and processing can be undertaken in a manner that safeguards the environment, natural and historic resources, agricultural lands, and the health and well-being of its citizens. According to this report, if Virginia lifts its moratorium, there are "steep hurdles to be surmounted" before mining and processing could take place within a regulatory setting that appropriately protects workers, the public, and the environment, especially given that the state has no experience regulating mining and processing of the radioactive element. The authoring committee was not asked to recommend whether uranium mining should be permitted, or to consider the potential benefits to the state were uranium mining to be pursued. It also was not asked to compare the relative risks of uranium mining to the mining of other fuels such as coal. This book will be of interest to decision makers at the state and local level, the energy industry, and concerned citizens.

Author : United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1378 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1960
Category : Radiation
ISBN : UOM:39015003392829

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Selected Materials on Radiation Protection Criteria and Standards by United States. Congress. Joint Committee on Atomic Energy Pdf

Author : United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-10-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789210010061

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Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) 2020/2021 Report, Volume IV by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation Pdf

The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) established by the General Assembly in 1955 assesses the levels and effects of exposure to ionizing radiation on human health and the environment. This is the last of four volumes of scientific annexes provide the supporting scientific deliberations for the UNSCEAR 2020/2021 report to the General Assembly. Annex D “Evaluation of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation” presents the estimated average annual effective and collective doses to workers for each major work sector and sub-sector involving the use of ionizing radiation; estimated worldwide level of occupational exposure for different sectors involving exposure to natural sources and to human-made sources of radiation; and analysis of temporal trends in occupational exposure. It is based on data provided by United Nations Member States and international organizations, as well as peer reviewed literature and national reports on radiation exposure to workers.

Author : Monica Kim Bienefeld
Publisher : Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0494028807

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Occupational Radiation Exposure and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion Among Medical Radiation Technologists in Canada [microform] by Monica Kim Bienefeld Pdf

Purpose of study. To assess whether there is an association between occupational exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation and risk of pregnancy ending in spontaneous abortion, and to estimate the magnitude of such an association. Methods. A retrospective cohort design was used to address the study question in an occupationally defined group. Members of the Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists were mailed a questionnaire to ascertain pregnancy history. Respondents' occupational radiation dose records were obtained from the National Dose Registry by record linkage, and used to estimate pre-pregnancy radiation exposures for each individual pregnancy. A second mailed questionnaire was used to obtain more detailed information about exposures prior to and during a subset of the reported pregnancies. Risk of spontaneous abortion was determined for different levels of pre-pregnancy radiation exposure, and comparisons were made with an internal unexposed referent group. Results. Pregnancies with documented pre-pregnancy radiation exposure were observed to be at a small but significantly increased risk of ending in spontaneous abortion, as compared to those with no documented exposure (OR = 1.21; 95% CI 1.05--1.40). Risk was greatest in pregnancies with the highest cumulative pre-pregnancy dose. Less evidence of an association was observed among the more recent pregnancies and exposures. Conclusions . The results of this study indicate that occupational pre-pregnancy radiation exposures may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion, findings that are reasonably consistent with the few published reports of previous investigations of this relationship. However, in light of methodological limitations, the exact nature of the relationship between radiation exposure and risk of spontaneous abortion, and the precise levels of exposure associated with increased risk remain uncertain. Therefore, attempts to apply the findings of this study to modify regulatory limits would be premature, although efforts to include this outcome in the setting of such limits are warranted. Overall, these results reinforce the appropriateness of applying radiation protection principles that ensure that exposures to ionizing radiation are kept as low as possible for all workers at all times, regardless of existing evidence about specific health effects.

Author : Sanford C. Cohen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Electronic
ISBN : STANFORD:24502024403

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Evaluation of occupational hazards from industrial radiation by Sanford C. Cohen Pdf

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency,International Labour Organization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Ionizing radiation
ISBN : 9201378211

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Assessment of Prospective Cancer Risks from Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation by International Atomic Energy Agency,International Labour Organization Pdf

"Artificial sources of radiation are commonly used in the manufacturing and service industries, research institutions and universities, and the nuclear power industry. As a result, workers can be exposed to artificial sources of radiation. There are also a significant number of workers, such as underground miners and aircrew, who are exposed to naturally occurring sources of radiation. This publication, prepared in collaboration with the International Labour Organization, and with reference to IAEA Safety Standards Series No. GSR Part 3 provides guidance for individuals and organizations on the assessment of prospective cancer risks due to occupational exposure to ionizing radiation for prevention purposes. It describes cancer risk assessment theory, models and methodologies, and offers practical examples of carrying out these assessments."--Publisher's description.

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency,OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 674 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Nuclear fuels
ISBN : UOM:39015004474824

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Occupational Radiation Exposure in Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facilities by International Atomic Energy Agency,OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Pdf