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Author : R. J. Pentreath
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781107096028
An overview of the sources, uses and effects of ionising radiation in the environment and their consequences for life.
Author : J.R. Twining,M. Baxter
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780080450162
Tropical Radioecology is a guide to the wide range of scientific practices and principles of this multidisciplinary field. It brings together past and present studies in the tropical and subtropical areas of the planet, highlighting the unique aspects of tropical systems. Until recently, radioecological models for tropical environments have depended upon data derived from temperate environments, despite the differences of these regions in terms of biota and abiotic conditions. Since radioactivity can be used to trace environmental processes in humans and other biota, this book offers examples of studies in which radiotracers have been used to assess biokinetics in tropical biota. This book: Features chapters co-authored by world experts that explain the origins, inputs, distributions, behaviour, and consequences of radioactivity in tropical and subtropical systems. Provides comprehensive lists of relevant data and identifies current knowledge gaps to allow for targeted radioecological research in the future. Integrates radioecological information into the most recent radiological consequences modelling and best-practice probabilistic ecological risk analysis methodology, given the need to understand the implications of enhanced socio-economic development in the world's tropical regions. John Twining has published research and conducted field and laboratory studies on the nuclear industry's impact on the environment over four decades. While much of this work has been related to Australia's role as a uranium supplier, he has also evaluated this impact at the Maralinga test sites in the deserts of central Australia and the effects of French testing in the central Pacific. John also focused on the uptake of radionuclides by crops and the use of isotopes as tracers of biological processes. Much of this work was accomplished in tropical or subtropical environments, and this experience proved valuable for Tropical Radioecology. John is now associate editor for the Journal of Environmental Radioecology and a self-employed consultant radioecologist.
Author : Colbert E. Cushing
Publisher : Dowden Hutchinson and Ross
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015001905051
Author : H. Dahlgaard
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1994-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080875211
The present treatise is the final milestone in the radioecology programme, RAD, carried out from 1990 to 1993 under the Nordic Committee for Nuclear Safety Research, NKS. The book, one of the few in its field to have achieved international publication, is centred on the contamination of Nordic environments with radionuclides from the Chernobyl accident. It contains 30 contributions mainly describing the flow of radiocaesium through aquatic, agricultural, forest, and alpine ecosystems, as well as quality assurance and doses to man. A series of original papers on various aspects of Nordic post-Chernobyl radioecology by leading Nordic scientists is also included, along with terms & units definitions, indexes, and an executive summary. The volume will be invaluable to all scientists and professionals in radioecology, radiation protection, trace element cycling and environmental contamination. It will also be relevant to general evironmental management/human contamination/civil defence officials.
Author : Patrick C. Kangas
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-12-26
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781000828269
This book presents a history of radioecology, from World War II through to the critical years of the Cold War, finishing with a discussion of recent developments and future implications for the field. Drawing on a vast array of primary sources, the book reviews, synthesizes and discusses the implications of the ecological research supported by the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) of the United States government, from World War II to the early 1970s. This was a critical period in the history of ecology, characterized by a transition from the older, largely descriptive studies of communities of plants and animals to the modern form of the science involving functional studies of energy flow and mineral cycling in ecosystems. This transition was in large part due to the development of radioecology, which was a by-product of the Cold War and the need to understand and predict the consequences of a nuclear war that was planned but has never occurred. The book draws on important case studies, such as the Pacific Proving Grounds, the Nevada Test Site, El Verde in Puerto Rico, the Brookhaven National Laboratory and recent events such as the nuclear disasters at Chernobyl and Fukushima. By revisiting studies and archived information from the Cold War era, this book offers lessons from the history of radioecology to provide background and perspective for understanding possible present-day impacts from issues of radiation risks associated with nuclear power generation and waste disposal. Post-Cold War developments in radioecology will be also reviewed and contrasted with the AEC-supported ecology research for further perspectives. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of radioecology, environmental pollution, environmental technology, bioscience and environmental history.
Author : Jean-Claude Amiard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2023-01-12
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781786307798
The marine environment, in addition to a not insignificant background of “natural” radioactivity, has continued to receive inputs of radionuclides directly or indirectly through atomic fallout, discharges from the nuclear industry or from nuclear accidents. After their introduction, the fate of these radionuclides is complex with modifications of physicochemical forms, dispersion in marine water masses and adsorption onto sedimentary particles. Marine organisms then bioaccumulate these radionuclides to a greater or lesser extent, dispersing them via their burrowing activities, horizontal and vertical migrations or through food webs. All of these phenomena lead to very variable radioactive contamination, depending on location and the nature of the marine environments concerned, and consequently, to very different doses of irradiation to marine organisms. The harmful effects of ionizing radiation on living marine organisms are felt at varying levels of biological organization from the molecule to the ecosystem, passing through the cell, the organ, the individual and the population. In the end, the radioactive risk for marine organisms can decline according to several situations, which can be normal, programmed or accidental.
Author : F.F. Luykx,Martin J. Frissel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400903012
Most of the nuclear facilities built since the Second World War have ceased active operation and have been decommissioned. Some of the sites are heavily contaminated with radioactive substances. Correct and efficient action to mitigate the radiological consequences of such contamination will only be possible when the behaviour of radionuclides in the terrestrial environment is sufficiently well known. Yet radioecologists often find it difficult to study the transfer of radioactivity in agricultural land and semi-natural ecosystems, because of the complexity and diversity of such environments. The present book presents an analysis of all the factors that affect the behaviour of radionuclides as they move from their point of release through the environment and then enter the tissues of biota living in the ecosystems, in particular plants and animals consumed by humans. The course on which the book is based was held in a region that is heavily contaminated by radioactive discharges into the environment during nuclear weapons fabrication in the 1950s and '60s, and due to a severe accidental release following the explosion of a rad-waste tank in 1957. This allowed in situ training of the students. The book's main emphasis is on specific radioecological problems in severely contaminated areas in the former Soviet Union: the Southern Urals Trail, the rivers Techa-Isert-Tobol-Irtis-Ob, and the 30 km zone around Chernobyl. Systems examined include soils, arable and pasture land, forests, lakes and rivers. Special attention is paid to the effects of radiation on natural ecosystems: trees, soil-dwelling organisms, and aquatic organisms. Synergistic effects are also considered. Short, medium and long term countermeasures are discussed.
Author : E Holm
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1994-08-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814550857
These lectures presented by experts from the Nordic countries are collected with the purpose of education in the field of environmental radioactivity. The book may be used in university courses on, eg., health physics and environmental science. Administrators and managers of environmental programmes may also find useful background information.The book covers all important aspects of environmental radioactivity such as source terms, atmospheric transport, processes in aquatic and terrestrial systems, radiochemistry and measurement techniques, radioactivity in man, modeling and assessment of absorbed doses.The Nordic Committee for Nuclear Safety Research, NKS, organises joint research programmes such as the above lectures to strive for a better understanding in the Nordic countries of factors influencing nuclear safety, radiation protection and emergency provisions.
Author : G. Desmet
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 527 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9780444825339
Hardbound. The Chernobyl accident drew attention to the difficulties of understanding the dynamics of radionuclide transport through the environment using older methods developed after the pseudo steady state pollution resulting after the weapons testing fallout. More recent approaches, which are reported in this book, have incorporated both the dynamic aspects highlighted by the pulse Chernobyl input and the importance of improvement in models that can be brought about by constraining parameters on the basis of a knowledge of the fundamental physics, chemistry, biology and ecology of the ecosystems involved. The papers within this volume include hydrodynamic models of suspended solids transport, ion exchange interpretation of radionuclide sorption: approaches applying a knowledge of membrane transport kinetics to the uptake of radionuclides by biota; the effects of different ecological niches on the relative uptake of radionuclides by different species;
Author : Dmitry G. Matishov,Gennady G. Matishov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662096581
This reference explores oceanographic and biological conditions involved in the transfer and accumulation of radionuclides in marine sediment and biota of the Northern European seas. Much of the content synthesizes decades of work by the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute. This forms the basis of a new methodological and theoretical framework describing radionuclide bioaccumulation by marine invertebrate and vertebrate animals, with special attention to marine food webs leading to humans.
Author : Dmitry G. Matishov,Gennady G. Matishov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2004-01-28
Category : Nature
ISBN : 3540201971
This reference explores oceanographic and biological conditions involved in the transfer and accumulation of radionuclides in marine sediment and biota of the Northern European seas. Much of the content synthesizes decades of work by the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute. This forms the basis of a new methodological and theoretical framework describing radionuclide bioaccumulation by marine invertebrate and vertebrate animals, with special attention to marine food webs leading to humans.
Author : Alfred W. Klement,Vincent Schultz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1963
Category : Biophysics
ISBN : UOM:39015095051176
Author : Whicker,Schultz
Publisher : Springer
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1982-05-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015010063371
Author : Alfred W. Klement,Vincent Schultz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1962
Category : Biophysics
ISBN : CORNELL:31924014529238
Author : Gennadiĭ Grigorʹevich Polikarpov
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Aquatic radioecology
ISBN : UCSD:31822013362587
Systematized account and substantiation of concepts and problems of the laws of interrelation between marine organisms & radio active substances.
