Rapid Changes In The Arctic

Author : Edward Struzik
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9781610914406

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Future Arctic by Edward Struzik Pdf

In one hundred years, or even fifty, the Arctic will look dramatically different than it does today. As polar ice retreats and animals and plants migrate northward, the arctic landscape is morphing into something new and very different from what it once was. While these changes may seem remote, they will have a profound impact on a host of global issues, from international politics to animal migrations. In Future Arctic, journalist and explorer Edward Struzik offers a clear-eyed look at the rapidly shifting dynamics in the Arctic region, a harbinger of changes that will reverberate throughout our entire world. Future Arctic reveals the inside story of how politics and climate change are altering the polar world in a way that will have profound effects on economics, culture, and the environment as we know it. Struzik takes readers up mountains and cliffs, and along for the ride on snowmobiles and helicopters, sailboats and icebreakers. His travel companions, from wildlife scientists to military strategists to indigenous peoples, share diverse insights into the science, culture and geopolitical tensions of this captivating place. With their help, Struzik begins piecing together an environmental puzzle: How might the land’s most iconic species—caribou, polar bears, narwhal—survive? Where will migrating birds flock to? How will ocean currents shift? And what fundamental changes will oil and gas exploration have on economies and ecosystems? How will vast unclaimed regions of the Arctic be divided? A unique combination of extensive on-the-ground research, compelling storytelling, and policy analysis, Future Arctic offers a new look at the changes occurring in this remote, mysterious region and their far-reaching effects.

Author : Kari Strand
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Arctic regions
ISBN : 9789289313841

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Rapid Changes in the Arctic by Kari Strand Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309371612

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Arctic Matters by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board Pdf

Viewed in satellite images as a jagged white coat draped over the top of the globe, the high Arctic appears distant and isolated. But even if you don't live there, don't do business there, and will never travel there, you are closer to the Arctic than you think. Arctic Matters: The Global Connection to Changes in the Arctic is a new educational resource produced by the Polar Research Board of the National Research Council (NRC). It draws upon a large collection of peer-reviewed NRC reports and other national and international reports to provide a brief, reader-friendly primer on the complex ways in which the changes currently affecting the Arctic and its diverse people, resources, and environment can, in turn, affect the entire globe. Topics in the booklet include how climate changes currently underway in the Arctic are a driver for global sea-level rise, offer new prospects for natural resource extraction, and have rippling effects through the world's weather, climate, food supply and economy.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Emerging Research Questions in the Arctic
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309301862

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The Arctic in the Anthropocene by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Committee on Emerging Research Questions in the Arctic Pdf

Once ice-bound, difficult to access, and largely ignored by the rest of the world, the Arctic is now front and center in the midst of many important questions facing the world today. Our daily weather, what we eat, and coastal flooding are all interconnected with the future of the Arctic. The year 2012 was an astounding year for Arctic change. The summer sea ice volume smashed previous records, losing approximately 75 percent of its value since 1980 and half of its areal coverage. Multiple records were also broken when 97 percent of Greenland's surface experienced melt conditions in 2012, the largest melt extent in the satellite era. Receding ice caps in Arctic Canada are now exposing land surfaces that have been continuously ice covered for more than 40,000 years. What happens in the Arctic has far-reaching implications around the world. Loss of snow and ice exacerbates climate change and is the largest contributor to expected global sea level rise during the next century. Ten percent of the world's fish catches comes from Arctic and sub-Arctic waters. The U.S. Geological Survey estimated that up to 13 percent of the world's remaining oil reserves are in the Arctic. The geologic history of the Arctic may hold vital clues about massive volcanic eruptions and the consequent release of massive amount of coal fly ash that is thought to have caused mass extinctions in the distant past. How will these changes affect the rest of Earth? What research should we invest in to best understand this previously hidden land, manage impacts of change on Arctic communities, and cooperate with researchers from other nations? The Arctic in the Anthropocene reviews research questions previously identified by Arctic researchers, and then highlights the new questions that have emerged in the wake of and expectation of further rapid Arctic change, as well as new capabilities to address them. This report is meant to guide future directions in U.S. Arctic research so that research is targeted on critical scientific and societal questions and conducted as effectively as possible. The Arctic in the Anthropocene identifies both a disciplinary and a cross-cutting research strategy for the next 10 to 20 years, and evaluates infrastructure needs and collaboration opportunities. The climate, biology, and society in the Arctic are changing in rapid, complex, and interactive ways. Understanding the Arctic system has never been more critical; thus, Arctic research has never been more important. This report will be a resource for institutions, funders, policy makers, and students. Written in an engaging style, The Arctic in the Anthropocene paints a picture of one of the last unknown places on this planet, and communicates the excitement and importance of the discoveries and challenges that lie ahead.

Author : Neloy Khare
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-08-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128228692

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Understanding Present and Past Arctic Environments by Neloy Khare Pdf

Understanding Present and Past Arctic Environments: An Integrated Approach from Climate Change Perspectives provides a fully comprehensive overview of the past, present and future outlook for this incredibly diverse and important region. Through a series of contributed chapters, the book explores changes to this environment that are attributed to the effects of climate change. The book explores the current effects climate change has had on Arctic environments and ecosystems, our current understanding of the effects climate change is having, the effects climate change is having on the atmospheric and ocean processes in this region. The Arctic region is predicted to experience the earliest and most pronounced global warming response to human-induced climatic change, thus a better understanding is vital. Presents a thorough understanding of the Arctic, it's past, present and future Provides an integrated assessment of the Arctic climate system, recognizing that a true understanding of its functions lies in appreciating the interactions and linkages among its various components Brings together many of the world's leading Arctic researchers to describe this diverse environment and its ecology

Author : Reinhard Mechler,Laurens M. Bouwer,Thomas Schinko,Swenja Surminski,JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 557 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-11-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319720265

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Loss and Damage from Climate Change by Reinhard Mechler,Laurens M. Bouwer,Thomas Schinko,Swenja Surminski,JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer Pdf

This book provides an authoritative insight on the Loss and Damage discourse by highlighting state-of-the-art research and policy linked to this discourse and articulating its multiple concepts, principles and methods. Written by leading researchers and practitioners, it identifies practical and evidence-based policy options to inform the discourse and climate negotiations. With climate-related risks on the rise and impacts being felt around the globe has come the recognition that climate mitigation and adaptation may not be enough to manage the effects from anthropogenic climate change. This recognition led to the creation of the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage in 2013, a climate policy mechanism dedicated to dealing with climate-related effects in highly vulnerable countries that face severe constraints and limits to adaptation. Endorsed in 2015 by the Paris Agreement and effectively considered a third pillar of international climate policy, debate and research on Loss and Damage continues to gain enormous traction. Yet, concepts, methods and tools as well as directions for policy and implementation have remained contested and vague. Suitable for researchers, policy-advisors, practitioners and the interested public, the book furthermore: • discusses the political, legal, economic and institutional dimensions of the issue• highlights normative questions central to the discourse • provides a focus on climate risks and climate risk management. • presents salient case studies from around the world.

Author : Jacqueline M. Grebmeier,Wieslaw Maslowski
Publisher : Springer
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401788632

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The Pacific Arctic Region by Jacqueline M. Grebmeier,Wieslaw Maslowski Pdf

The Pacific Arctic region is experiencing rapid sea ice retreat, seawater warming, ocean acidification and biological response. Physical and biogeochemical modeling indicates the potential for step-function changes to the overall marine ecosystem. This synthesis book was coordinated within the Pacific Arctic Group, a network of international partners working in the Pacific Arctic. Chapter topics range from atmospheric and physical sciences to chemical processing and biological response to changing environmental conditions. Physical and biogeochemical modeling results highlight the need for data collection and interdisciplinary modeling activities to track and forecast the changing ecosystem of the Pacific Arctic with climate change.

Author : Peter Lemke,Hans-Werner Jacobi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400720275

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Arctic Climate Change by Peter Lemke,Hans-Werner Jacobi Pdf

The Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on earth. Over the next 100 years, climate change is expected to accelerate, contributing to major physical, ecological, social, and economic changes, many of which have already begun. Changes in arctic climate will also affect the rest of the world through increased global warming and rising sea levels. The volume addresses the following major topics: - Research results in observing aspects of the Arctic climate system and its processes across a range of time and space scales - Representation of cryospheric, atmospheric, and oceanic processes in models, including simulation of their interaction with coupled models - Our understanding of the role of the Arctic in the global climate system, its response to large-scale climate variations, and the processes involved.

Author : Myron Nordquist,John Norton Moore,Tomas H. Heidar
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2010-05-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004187399

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Changes in the Arctic Environment and the Law of the Sea by Myron Nordquist,John Norton Moore,Tomas H. Heidar Pdf

Changes in the Arctic Environment and the Law of the Sea is based on the 33rd Annual Conference of the Center for Oceans Law and Policy, a primary sponsor, along with the Law of the Sea Institute of Iceland as well as with the U.S. Arctic Commission, the University of Alaska (Fairbanks) and the Law of the Sea Institute, Law School (Boalt Hall), University of California, Berkeley.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Understanding and Monitoring Abrupt Climate Change and Its Impacts
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309287760

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Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Understanding and Monitoring Abrupt Climate Change and Its Impacts Pdf

Climate is changing, forced out of the range of the past million years by levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not seen in the Earth's atmosphere for a very, very long time. Lacking action by the world's nations, it is clear that the planet will be warmer, sea level will rise, and patterns of rainfall will change. But the future is also partly uncertain-there is considerable uncertainty about how we will arrive at that different climate. Will the changes be gradual, allowing natural systems and societal infrastructure to adjust in a timely fashion? Or will some of the changes be more abrupt, crossing some threshold or "tipping point" to change so fast that the time between when a problem is recognized and when action is required shrinks to the point where orderly adaptation is not possible? Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change is an updated look at the issue of abrupt climate change and its potential impacts. This study differs from previous treatments of abrupt changes by focusing on abrupt climate changes and also abrupt climate impacts that have the potential to severely affect the physical climate system, natural systems, or human systems, often affecting multiple interconnected areas of concern. The primary timescale of concern is years to decades. A key characteristic of these changes is that they can come faster than expected, planned, or budgeted for, forcing more reactive, rather than proactive, modes of behavior. Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change summarizes the state of our knowledge about potential abrupt changes and abrupt climate impacts and categorizes changes that are already occurring, have a high probability of occurrence, or are unlikely to occur. Because of the substantial risks to society and nature posed by abrupt changes, this report recommends the development of an Abrupt Change Early Warning System that would allow for the prediction and possible mitigation of such changes before their societal impacts are severe. Identifying key vulnerabilities can help guide efforts to increase resiliency and avoid large damages from abrupt change in the climate system, or in abrupt impacts of gradual changes in the climate system, and facilitate more informed decisions on the proper balance between mitigation and adaptation. Although there is still much to learn about abrupt climate change and abrupt climate impacts, to willfully ignore the threat of abrupt change could lead to more costs, loss of life, suffering, and environmental degradation. Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change makes the case that the time is here to be serious about the threat of tipping points so as to better anticipate and prepare ourselves for the inevitable surprises.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0309092124

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A Vision for the International Polar Year 2007-2008 by Anonim Pdf

In 2007-2008, many nations around the world will host an intense, coordinated field campaign of polar observations, research, and analysis called the "International Polar Year." This report presents an overview of potential science themes, enabling technologies, and public outreach opportunities that can be used to focus International Polar Year on societal needs. The committee recommends that the U.S. scientific community and participating agencies use this opportunity to better understand environmental change and variability in the polar regions; explore new scientific frontiers ranging from the molecular to the planetary scales; and engage the public through varied educations and outreach activities.

Author : UNESCO
Publisher : UNESCO
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789231041396

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Climate Change and Arctic Sustainable Development by UNESCO Pdf

The Arctic is undergoing rapid and dramatic environmental and social transformations due to climate change. This has ramifications for the entire planet, as change spreads through interconnected global networks that are environmental, cultural, economic and political. Today, with the major thrust of research shifting away from deciphering causes and monitoring trends, the central preoccupation of a growing circle of actors has become the exploration of strategies for responding and adapting to climate change. But to understand the far-reaching nature of climate change impacts and the complexities of adaptation, a truly interdisciplinary approach is required. Unique in the UN system, UNESCO brings together the domains of natural sciences, social sciences,culture, education and communication. Given this broad mandate, UNESCO favors integrated approaches for monitoring and adapting to climate change in the Arctic, fostering dialogue among scientists, circumpolar communities and decision-makers. This book brings together the knowledge, concerns and visions of leading Arctic scientists in the natural and social sciences, prominent Chukchi, Even, Inuit and Saami leaders from across the circumpolar North, and international experts in education, health and ethics. They highlight the urgent need for a sustained interdisciplinary and multi-actor approach to monitoring, managing and responding to climate change in the Arctic, and explore avenues by which this can be achieved.--Publisher's description.

Author : Pascaline Bourgain
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:835091244

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The Upper Arctic Ocean Variability at a Time of Rapid Arctic Climate Change by Pascaline Bourgain Pdf

The Arctic climate underwent strong modifications over the past decades. Thanks to a data base gathering more than 18000 observations collected in the entire deep basin of the Arctic Ocean since 1997, we focused on the interannual variability of the upper ocean. The subsurface Summer Pacific Water warmed up since the late 1990s. Notably, a particularly warm flux entered the Arctic Ocean in 2004 was documented all along its propagation in the Canadian basin. These analyses suggest a possible influence of the subsurface waters on the sea ice evolution in the Arctic region. At depth, observations confirm the propagation of warm Atlantic water pulses, in particular a warm anomaly of 0.8°C detected for the first time in 2004 West of Svalbard. Nevertheless, we did not find evidence for any gradual warming trend of this water mass. The double diffusion process seems to be a widespread phenomenon in the entire deep basin. The vertical heat fluxes transmitted through the interfaces between two mixed layers increased since the 1980s, notably because of the "supersteps" appearance, characterized by a strong temperature increase at the interface. Above the thermocline, the halocline remained relatively robust over the past decade. Its stratification intensified in 2007-2008 in the Canadian basin due to a freshwater content increase probably in response to the atmospheric forcing. As a consequence, the warm Atlantic waters remained insulated from the surface waters and did not contribute to the changes observed at the surface over this period.

Author : Ezra B. W. Zubrow,Errol Meidinger,Kim Diana Connolly
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-01
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781438475639

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The Big Thaw by Ezra B. W. Zubrow,Errol Meidinger,Kim Diana Connolly Pdf

Explores the unprecedented and rapid climate changes occurring in the Arctic environment. Climate change, one of the drivers of global change, is controversial in political circles, but recognized in scientific ones as being of central importance today for the United States and the world. In The Big Thaw, the editors bring together experts, advocates, and academic professionals who address the serious issue of how climate change in the Circumpolar Arctic is affecting and will continue to affect environments, cultures, societies, and economies throughout the world. The contributors discuss a variety of topics, including anthropology, sociology, human geography, community economics, regional development and planning, and political science, as well as biogeophysical sciences such as ecology, human-environmental interactions, and climatology. “This book offers a valuable compendium on a broad spectrum of issues associated with climate change, its implications, and human adaptation in the Arctic.” — Andrey N. Petrov, coauthor of Arctic Sustainability Research: Past, Present, and Future

Author : Neloy Khare
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000545302

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Climate Change in the Arctic by Neloy Khare Pdf

1. Highlights the achievements of climate change research in the Arctic region 2. Includes case studies from scientists in the Arctic and their significant achievements through the Indian research base Himadri 3. Provides a thorough review of Paleoclimate change studies, the impact of climate change on biotic components and the impact of climate change on abiotic components 4. Provides specific details on the study of ozone depletion phenomenon over Arctic region 5. Covers a wide range of research contributions 6. Details sea-ice variability in the context of global warming over the Arctic region. 7.Connects seisimogenesis with the climate change in the Arctic region.