Readings In Qualitative Reasoning About Physical Systems

Author : Daniel S. Weld,Johan De Kleer
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
Page : 732 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483214474

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Readings in Qualitative Reasoning About Physical Systems by Daniel S. Weld,Johan De Kleer Pdf

Readings in Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems describes the automated reasoning about the physical world using qualitative representations. This text is divided into nine chapters, each focusing on some aspect of qualitative physics. The first chapter deal with qualitative physics, which is concerned with representing and reasoning about the physical world. The goal of qualitative physics is to capture both the commonsense knowledge of the person on the street and the tacit knowledge underlying the quantitative knowledge used by engineers and scientists. The succeeding chapter discusses the qualitative calculus and its role in constructing an envisionment that includes behavior over both mythical time and elapsed time. These topics are followed by reviews of the mathematical aspects of qualitative reasoning, history-based simulation and temporal reasoning, as well as the intelligence in scientific computing. The final chapters are devoted to automated modeling for qualitative reasoning and causal explanations of behavior. These chapters also examine the qualitative kinematics of reasoning about shape and space. This book will prove useful to psychologists and psychiatrists.

Author : Daniel Weld,Johan De Kleer
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1156472728

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Readings in Qualitative Reasoning About Physical Systems by Daniel Weld,Johan De Kleer Pdf

Readings in Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems describes the automated reasoning about the physical world using qualitative representations. This text is divided into nine chapters, each focusing on some aspect of qualitative physics. The first chapter deal with qualitative physics, which is concerned with representing and reasoning about the physical world. The goal of qualitative physics is to capture both the commonsense knowledge of the person on the street and the tacit knowledge underlying the quantitative knowledge used by engineers and scientists. The succeeding chapter discusses the qualitative calculus and its role in constructing an envisionment that includes behavior over both mythical time and elapsed time. These topics are followed by reviews of the mathematical aspects of qualitative reasoning, history-based simulation and temporal reasoning, as well as the intelligence in scientific computing. The final chapters are devoted to automated modeling for qualitative reasoning and causal explanations of behavior. These chapters also examine the qualitative kinematics of reasoning about shape and space. This book will prove useful to psychologists and psychiatrists.

Author : Mark H. Lee,J. J. Rowland
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 981022494X

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Intelligent Assembly Systems by Mark H. Lee,J. J. Rowland Pdf

This book deals with a key area of industrial robotics ? the automation of small batch assembly. Assembly imparts enormous added value but turns out to be extraordinarily difficult to automate. The work presented here, all from the Centre for Intelligent Systems at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, addresses this issue and shows ways in which the difficulties may be reduced through systematic architectural designs and specific structures for interfacing and controlling sensory-actuation systems. The book develops three main themes: a task-centred approach to robotic assembly, explicit reasoning techniques for fault diagnosis and error handling; and sensor-actuator integration methods. These are vital topics for those concerned with flexible automation and robotics.

Author : Benjamin Kuipers
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Computers
ISBN : 026211190X

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Qualitative Reasoning by Benjamin Kuipers Pdf

Qualitative models are better able than traditional models to express states of incomplete knowledge about continuous mechanisms. Qualitative simulation guarantees to find all possible behaviors consistent with the knowledge in the model. This expressive power and coverage is important in problem solving for diagnosis, design, monitoring, explanation, and other applications of artificial intelligence.

Author : Boi Faltings,Peter Struss
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262061422

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Recent Advances in Qualitative Physics by Boi Faltings,Peter Struss Pdf

These twenty-eight contributions report advances in one of the most active research areas in artificial intellgence. Qualitative modeling techniques are an essential part of building second generation knowledge-based systems. This book provides a timely overview of the field while also giving some indications about applications that appear to be feasible now or in the near future. Chapters are organized into sections covering modeling and simulation, ontologies, computational issues, and qualitative analysis. Modeling a physical system in order to simulate it or solve particular problems regarding the system is an important motivation of qualitative physics, involving formal procedures and concepts. The chapters in the section on modeling address the problem of how to set up and structure qualitative models, particularly for use in simulation. Ontology, or the science of being, is the basis for all modeling. Accordingly, chapters on ontologies discuss problems fundamental for finding representational formalism and inference mechanisms appropriate for different aspects of reasoning about physical systems. Computational issues arising from attempts to turn qualitative theories into practical software are then taken up. In addition to simulation and modeling, qualitative physics can be used to solve particular problems dealing with physical systems, and the concluding chapters present techniques for tasks ranging from the analysis of behavior to conceptual design.

Author : John S. Gero
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 906 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789401127875

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Artificial Intelligence in Design ’92 by John S. Gero Pdf

Design has now become an important research topic in engineering and architecture. Design is one of the keystones to economic competitiveness and the fundamental precursor to manufacturing. The development of computational models founded on the artificial intelligence paradigm has provided an impetus for current design research. This volume contains contributions from the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design held in June 1992 in Pittsburgh. They represent the state-of-the-art and the cutting edge of research and development in this field. They are of particular interest to researchers, developers and users of computer systems in design. This volume demonstrates both the breadth and depth of artificial intelligence in design and points the way forward for our understanding of design as a process and for the development of computer-based tools to aiddesigners.

Author : Okyay Kaynak,Ger Honderd,Edward Grant
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642580215

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Intelligent Systems: Safety, Reliability and Maintainability Issues by Okyay Kaynak,Ger Honderd,Edward Grant Pdf

This book is a collection of some of the papers that were presented during a NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on "Intelligent Systems: Safety, Reliability and Maintainability Issues" that was held in Kusadasi, Turkey during August 24- 28, 1992. Attendance at this workshop was mainly by invitation only, drawing people internationally representing industry, government and the academic community. Many of the participants were internationally recognized leaders in the topic of the workshop. The purpose of the ARW was to bring together a highly distinguished group of people with the express purpose of debating where the issues of safety, reliability and maintainability place direct and tangible constraints on the development of intelligent systems. As a consequence, one of the major debating points in the ARW was the definition of intelligence, intelligent behaviour and their relation to complex dynamic systems. Two major conclusions evolved from the ARW are: 1. A continued need exists to develop formal, theoretical frameworks for the architecture of such systems, together with a reflection on the concept of intelligence. 2. There is a need to focus greater attention to the role that the human play in controlling intelligent systems. The workshop began by considering the typical features of an intelligent system. The complexity associated with multi-resolutional architectures was then discussed, leading to the identification of a necessity for the use of a combinatorial synthesis/approach. This was followed by a session on human interface issues.

Author : M.G. Rodd,H.B. Verbruggen
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483299020

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Artificial Intelligence in Real-Time Control 1992 by M.G. Rodd,H.B. Verbruggen Pdf

The symposium had two main aims, to investigate the state-of-the-art in the application of artificial intelligence techniques in real-time control, and to bring together control system specialists, artificial intelligence specialists and end-users. Many professional engineers working in industry feel that the gap between theory and practice in applying control and systems theory is widening, despite efforts to develop control algorithms. Papers presented at the meeting ranged from the theoretical aspects to the practical applications of artificial intelligence in real-time control. Themes were: the methodology of artificial intelligence techniques in control engineering; the application of artificial intelligence techniques in different areas of control; and hardware and software requirements. This symposium showed that there exist alternative possibilities for control based on artificial intelligence techniques.

Author : O. Stock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2007-07-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780585283227

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Spatial and Temporal Reasoning by O. Stock Pdf

Qualitative reasoning about space and time - a reasoning at the human level - promises to become a fundamental aspect of future systems that will accompany us in daily activity. The aim of Spatial and Temporal Reasoning is to give a picture of current research in this area focusing on both representational and computational issues. The picture emphasizes some major lines of development in this multifaceted, constantly growing area. The material in the book also shows some common ground and a novel combination of spatial and temporal aspects of qualitative reasoning. Part I presents the overall scene. The chapter by Laure Vieu is on the state of the art in spatial representation and reasoning, and that by Alfonso Gerevini gives a similar survey on research in temporal reasoning. The specific contributions to these areas are then grouped in the two main parts. In Part II, Roberto Casati and Achille Varzi examine the ontological status of spatial entities; Anthony Cohn, Brandon Bennett, John Gooday, and Nicholas Gotts present a detailed theory of reasoning with qualitative relations about regions; Andrew Frank discusses the spatial needs of geographical information systems; and Annette Herskovits focuses on the linguistic expression of spatial relations. In Part III, James Allen and George Ferguson describe an interval temporal logic for the representation of actions and events; Drew McDermott presents an efficient way of predicting the outcome of plan execution; and Erik Sandewall introduces a semantics based on transitions for assessing theories of action and change. In Part IV, Antony Galton's chapter stands clearly between the two areas of space and time and outlines the main coordinates of an integrated approach.

Author : Frank Dylla
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Knowledge representation (Information theory)
ISBN : 3898383202

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An Agent Control Perspective on Qualitative Spatial Reasoning by Frank Dylla Pdf

Author : Daniel Gureasko Bobrow
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262521865

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Artificial Intelligence in Perspective by Daniel Gureasko Bobrow Pdf

This major collection of short essays reviews the scope and progress of research in artificial intelligence over the past two decades. Seminal and most-cited papers from the journal Artificial Intelligence are revisited by the authors who describe how their research has been developed, both by themselves and by others, since the journals first publication.The twenty-eight papers span a wide variety of domains, including truth maintainance systems and qualitative process theory, chemical structure analysis, diagnosis of faulty circuits, and understanding visual scenes; they also span a broad range of methodologies, from AI's mathematical foundations to systems architecture.The volume is dedicated to Allen Newell and concludes with a section of fourteen essays devoted to a retrospective on the strength and vision of his work.Sections/Contributors: - Artificial Intelligence in Perspective, D. G. Bobrow.- Foundations. J. McCarthy, R. C. Moore, A. Newell, N. J. Nilsson, J. Gordon and E. H. Shortliffe, J. Pearl, A. K. Mackworth and E. C. Freuder, J. de Kleer.- Vision. H. G. Barrow and J. M. Tenenbaum, B. K. P. Horn and B. Schunck, K. Ikeuchi, T. Kanade.- Qualitative Reasoning. J. de Kleer, K. D. Forbus, B. J. Kuipers, Y. Iwasake and H. A Simon.- Diagnosis. R. Davis, M. R. Genesereth, P. Szolovits and S. G. Pauker, R. Davis, B. G. Buchanan and E. H. Shortliffe, W. J. Clancey.- Architectures. J. S. Aikins, B. Hayes-Roth, M. J. Stefik et al.- Systems. R. E. Fikes and N. J. Nilsson, E. A Feigenbaum and B. G. Buchanan, J. McDermott. Allen Newell. H. A. Simon, M. J. Stefik and S. W. Smoliar, M. A. Arbib, D. C. Dennett, Purves, R. C. Schank and M. Y. Jona, P. S. Rosenbloom and J. E. Laird, P. E. Agre.

Author : Derek A. Linkens
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000105674

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CAD for Control Systems by Derek A. Linkens Pdf

This comprehensive collection brings together current information on CAD for control systems including present and future trends in computer-aided design exploring the areas of modeling, simulation, simulation languages, environments, and design techniques. Presenting a systems approach to control d

Author : Ibrahim F. Imam,Yves Kodratoff,Ayman El-Dessouki,Moonis Ali
Publisher : Springer
Page : 904 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2004-05-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540487654

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Multiple Approaches to Intelligent Systems by Ibrahim F. Imam,Yves Kodratoff,Ayman El-Dessouki,Moonis Ali Pdf

We never create anything, We discover and reproduce. The Twelfth International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems has a distinguished theme. It is concerned with bridging the gap between the academic and the industrial worlds of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Expert Systems. The academic world is mainly concerned with discovering new algorithms, approaches, and methodologies; however, the industrial world is mainly driven by profits, and concerned with producing new products or solving customers’ problems. Ten years ago, the artificial intelligence research gap between academia and industry was very broad. Recently, this gap has been narrowed by the emergence of new fields and new joint research strategies in academia. Among the new fields which contributed to the academic-industrial convergence are knowledge representation, machine learning, searching, reasoning, distributed AI, neural networks, data mining, intelligent agents, robotics, pattern recognition, vision, applications of expert systems, and others. It is worth noting that the end results of research in these fields are usually products rather than empirical analyses and theoretical proofs. Applications of such technologies have found great success in many domains including fraud detection, internet service, banking, credit risk and assessment, telecommunication, etc. Progress in these areas has encouraged the leading corporations to institute research funding programs for academic institutes. Others have their own research laboratories, some of which produce state of the art research.

Author : Frank Lees
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
Page : 3685 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780123977823

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Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries by Frank Lees Pdf

Safety in the process industries is critical for those who work with chemicals and hazardous substances or processes. The field of loss prevention is, and continues to be, of supreme importance to countless companies, municipalities and governments around the world, and Lees’ is a detailed reference to defending against hazards. Recognized as the standard work for chemical and process engineering safety professionals, it provides the most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment, regulations and laws covering the field of process safety. An entire library of alternative books (and cross-referencing systems) would be needed to replace or improve upon it, but everything of importance to safety professionals, engineers and managers can be found in this all-encompassing three volume reference instead. The process safety encyclopedia, trusted worldwide for over 30 years Now available in print and online, to aid searchability and portability Over 3,600 print pages cover the full scope of process safety and loss prevention, compiling theory, practice, standards, legislation, case studies and lessons learned in one resource as opposed to multiple sources

Author : Kenneth D. Forbus,Johan De Kleer
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 726 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262061570

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Building Problem Solvers by Kenneth D. Forbus,Johan De Kleer Pdf

After working through Building Problem Solvers, readers should have a deep understanding of pattern directed inference systems, constraint languages, and truth maintenance systems.