Reason And The Search For Knowledge

Author : D. Shapere
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401097314

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Reason and the Search for Knowledge by D. Shapere Pdf

An impressive characteristic of Dudley Shapere's studies in the philosophy of the sciences has been his dogged reasonableness. He sorts things out, with logical care and mastery of the materials, and with an epistemological curiosity for the historical happenings which is both critical and respectful. Science changes, and the philosopher had better not link philosophical standards too tightly to either the latest orthodox or the provocative up start in scientific fashions; and yet, as critic, the philosopher must not only master the sciences but also explicate their meanings, not those of a cognitive never-never land. Neither dreamer nor pedant, Professor Shapere has been able to practice the modern empiricist's exercises with the sober and stimulat ing results shown in this volume: he sees that he can be faithful to philosoph ical analysis, engage in the boldest 'rational reconstruction' of theories and experimental measurements, and faithful too, empirically faithful we may say, to both the direct super-highways and the winding pathways of conceptual evolutions and metaphysical revolutions. Not least, Shapere listens! To Einstein and Calileo of course, but to the workings of the engineers and the scientific apprentices too, and to the various philosophers, now and of old, who have also worked to make sense of what has been learned and how that has happened and where we might go wrong.

Author : N. Rescher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401104838

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Satisfying Reason by N. Rescher Pdf

Leibniz said with a mixture of admiration and inspiration that the Duchess Sophie of Hannover always wanted to know the reason why behind the reason why. And that is just how rationality works: it wants to leave no loose ends to understanding, seeking to enable us to understand things through to the bitter end. In the twelve chapters that make up Satisfying Reason, Rescher develops and defends the following perspective: That rationality is a cardinal virtue in cognitive matters. That this is not something simple and cut-and-dried: in the pursuit of truth through the development of knowledge we face obstacles -- sometimes even insuperable ones. All that we can do is the best we can, realizing that even our very best may still be imperfect. Nevertheless, the venture is far from hopeless. While absolutes are unattainable in the cognitive venture, some solutions are situationally optimal, being comparatively the best that can be managed under the circumstances. That reason itself enables us to come to terms with this state of affairs, urging us to accept the best we can do as good enough. Satisfying Reason is an explanation of the presuppositions and methods of rational enquiry, an original exercise in metaknowledge, developing a systematic body of knowledge about the scope and limits of knowledge itself.

Author : Paul Guyer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780691151175

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Knowledge, Reason, and Taste by Paul Guyer Pdf

Immanuel Kant famously said that he was awoken from his "dogmatic slumbers," and led to question the possibility of metaphysics, by David Hume's doubts about causation. Because of this, many philosophers have viewed Hume's influence on Kant as limited to metaphysics. More recently, some philosophers have questioned whether even Kant's metaphysics was really motivated by Hume. In Knowledge, Reason, and Taste, renowned Kant scholar Paul Guyer challenges both of these views. He argues that Kant's entire philosophy--including his moral philosophy, aesthetics, and teleology, as well as his metaphysics--can fruitfully be read as an engagement with Hume. In this book, the first to describe and assess Hume's influence throughout Kant's philosophy, Guyer shows where Kant agrees or disagrees with Hume, and where Kant does or doesn't appear to resolve Hume's doubts. In doing so, Guyer examines the progress both Kant and Hume made on enduring questions about causes, objects, selves, taste, moral principles and motivations, and purpose and design in nature. Finally, Guyer looks at questions Kant and Hume left open to their successors.

Author : Julia Tanney
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674071728

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Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge by Julia Tanney Pdf

Julia Tanney offers a sustained criticism of today’s canon in philosophy of mind, which conceives the workings of the rational mind as the outcome of causal interactions between mental states that have their bases in the brain. With its roots in physicalism and functionalism, this widely accepted view provides the philosophical foundation for the cardinal tenet of the cognitive sciences: that cognition is a form of information-processing. Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge presents a challenge not only to the cognitivist approach that has dominated philosophy and the special sciences for the last fifty years but, more broadly, to metaphysical-empirical approaches to the study of the mind. Responding to a tradition that owes much to the writings of Davidson, early Putnam, and Fodor, Tanney challenges this orthodoxy on its own terms. In untangling its internal inadequacies, starting with the paradoxes of irrationality, she arrives at a view these philosophers were keen to rebut—one with affinities to the work of Ryle and Wittgenstein and all but invisible to those working on the cutting edge of analytic philosophy and mind research today. This is the view that rational explanations are embedded in “thick” descriptions that are themselves sophistications upon ever ascending levels of discourse, or socio-linguistic practices. Tanney argues that conceptual cartography rather than metaphysical-scientific explanation is the basic tool for understanding the nature of the mind. Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge clears the path for a return to the world-involving, circumstance-dependent, normative practices where the rational mind has its home.

Author : Julia Tanney
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674067837

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Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge by Julia Tanney Pdf

Tanney challenges not only the cognitivist approach that has dominated philosophy and the special sciences for fifty years, but metaphysical-empirical approaches to the mind in general. Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge advocates a return to the world-involving, circumstance-dependent, normative practices where the rational mind has its home.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on How People Learn II: The Science and Practice of Learning
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780309459679

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How People Learn II by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Science Education,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Committee on How People Learn II: The Science and Practice of Learning Pdf

There are many reasons to be curious about the way people learn, and the past several decades have seen an explosion of research that has important implications for individual learning, schooling, workforce training, and policy. In 2000, How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition was published and its influence has been wide and deep. The report summarized insights on the nature of learning in school-aged children; described principles for the design of effective learning environments; and provided examples of how that could be implemented in the classroom. Since then, researchers have continued to investigate the nature of learning and have generated new findings related to the neurological processes involved in learning, individual and cultural variability related to learning, and educational technologies. In addition to expanding scientific understanding of the mechanisms of learning and how the brain adapts throughout the lifespan, there have been important discoveries about influences on learning, particularly sociocultural factors and the structure of learning environments. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures provides a much-needed update incorporating insights gained from this research over the past decade. The book expands on the foundation laid out in the 2000 report and takes an in-depth look at the constellation of influences that affect individual learning. How People Learn II will become an indispensable resource to understand learning throughout the lifespan for educators of students and adults.

Author : John Ellis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1837
Category : Faith and reason
ISBN : CHI:25741922

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The Knowledge of Divine Things from Revelation, Not from Reason Or Nature by John Ellis Pdf

Author : Martin Luther King
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1992-01-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520079502

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The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr., Volume I by Martin Luther King Pdf

First in a series of 14 volumes, this book contains the complete texts of King's letters, speeches, sermons, student papers, and other articles. The papers range chronologically from his childhood to his young manhood. An introductory biographical essay presents a broad picture of the events that the documents themselves cover, while extensive annotations of the documents deal with specific details of King's life during these years. The passion that drove him is observable in nearly every document. ISBN 0-520-07950-7:

Author : Jose Ortega y Gasset
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0791451720

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What is Knowledge? by Jose Ortega y Gasset Pdf

Appearing in English for the first time, this book comprises two of Ortega’s most important works, ¿Qué es conocimiento? and the essay “Ideas y creencias.” This is Ortega’s attempt to systematically present the foundations of his metaphysics of human life and, on that basis, to provide a radical philosophical account of knowledge. In so doing, he criticizes idealism and overcomes it. Accordingly, this book goes well beyond a treatise on epistemology; in fact, as understood in modern philosophy, this discipline and its questions are shown to be derivative and, in that sense, they are transcended here by Ortega’s systematic effort. Written during the time of his maturity, these works are representative of his fruitful and radical period. Both ¿Qué es conocimiento? and “Ideas y creencias” are equally decisive not only for the understanding and radical completion of Ortega’s work, but also for their relevance to the work of continental philosophers during the same period and for years to come (e.g., Husserl, Jaspers, Heidegger, Sartre, and others).

Author : Ana-Maria Crețu,Michela Massimi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030270414

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Knowledge from a Human Point of View by Ana-Maria Crețu,Michela Massimi Pdf

This open access book – as the title suggests – explores some of the historical roots and epistemological ramifications of perspectivism. Perspectivism has recently emerged in philosophy of science as an interesting new position in the debate between scientific realism and anti-realism. But there is a lot more to perspectivism than discussions in philosophy of science so far have suggested. Perspectivism is a much broader view that emphasizes how our knowledge (in particular our scientific knowledge of nature) is situated; it is always from a human vantage point (as opposed to some Nagelian "view from nowhere"). This edited collection brings together a diverse team of established and early career scholars across a variety of fields (from the history of philosophy to epistemology and philosophy of science). The resulting nine essays trace some of the seminal ideas of perspectivism back to Kant, Nietzsche, the American Pragmatists, and Putnam, while the second part of the book tackles issues concerning the relation between perspectivism, relativism, and standpoint theories, and the implications of perspectivism for epistemological debates about veritism, epistemic normativity and the foundations of human knowledge.

Author : Andreas Sofroniou
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780244173739

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Stoicism: Knowledge, Reason, Harmony by Andreas Sofroniou Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 742 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015053427640

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Youth Knowledge Development Report by Anonim Pdf

Author : Samuel Macauley Jackson,Talbot Wilson Chambers,Frank Hugh Foster
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1014 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1889
Category : Religion
ISBN : UOM:39015078385997

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The Concise Dictionary of Religions Knowledge by Samuel Macauley Jackson,Talbot Wilson Chambers,Frank Hugh Foster Pdf

Author : Samuel Macauley Jackson,Talbot Wilson Chambers,Frank Hugh Foster
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1058 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1891
Category : Religion
ISBN : HARVARD:HWK194

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The Concise Dictionary of Religious Knowledge and Gazetteer by Samuel Macauley Jackson,Talbot Wilson Chambers,Frank Hugh Foster Pdf

Author : Joseph Morabito,Ira Sack,Anilkumar Bhate
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119078777

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Designing Knowledge Organizations by Joseph Morabito,Ira Sack,Anilkumar Bhate Pdf

A pedagogical approach to the principles and architecture of knowledge management in organizations This textbook is based on a graduate course taught at Stevens Institute of Technology. It focuses on the design and management of today's complex K organizations. A K organization is any company that generates and applies knowledge. The text takes existing ideas from organizational design and knowledge management to enhance and elevate each through harmonization with concepts from other disciplines. The authors—noted experts in the field—concentrate on both micro- and macro design and their interrelationships at individual, group, work, and organizational levels. A key feature of the textbook is an incisive discussion of the cultural, practice, and social aspects of knowledge management. The text explores the processes, tools, and infrastructures by which an organization can continuously improve, maintain, and exploit all elements of its knowledge base that are most relevant to achieve its strategic goals. The book seamlessly intertwines the disciplines of organizational design and knowledge management and offers extensive discussions, illustrative examples, student exercises, and visualizations. The following major topics are addressed: Knowledge management, intellectual capital, and knowledge systems Organizational design, behavior, and architecture Organizational strategy, change, and development Leadership and innovation Organizational culture and learning Social networking, communications, and collaboration Strategic human resources; e.g., hiring K workers and performance reviews Knowledge science, thinking, and creativity Philosophy of knowledge and information Information, knowledge, social, strategy, and contract continuums Information management and intelligent systems; e.g., business intelligence, big data, and cognitive systems Designing Knowledge Organizations takes an interdisciplinary and original approach to assess and synthesize the disciplines of knowledge management and organizational design, drawing upon conceptual underpinnings and practical experiences in these and related areas.