Reasoned Freedom

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Reasoned Freedom

Peter A. Schouls
Reasoned Freedom Book PDF

Author : Peter A. Schouls
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781501718342

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Reasoned Freedom by Peter A. Schouls Pdf

Although John Locke has often been called the Enlightenment's great progenitor, his use of the concepts that characterize Enlightenment thought has rarely been examined. In this lucid and penetrating book, Peter A. Schouls considers Locke's major writings in terms of the closely related ideas of freedom, progress, mastery, reason, and education. The resulting intellectual portrait provides a historically nuanced interpretation of a thinker crucial to the development of Western political philosophy and philosophy of education. Schouls centers his analysis on Locke's Essay concerning Human Understanding, but he also reexamines the often-ignored texts on education. Stressing the originality of Locke's enterprise, Schouls first explores Locke's reliance on Descartes for a method for the pursuit of general knowledge. He then examines Locke's thinking on (self-)mastery and the importance of reason to its achievement. For Locke, a human being has a radically autonomous nature that enables him or her to attain mastery; nurture may help or hinder this achievement. Turning to the critical role of freedom in the struggle for self-liberation from passions and prejudices, Schouls concludes that, although wrong education explains widespread failure to achieve mastery, right education cannot guarantee its achievement. It is, rather, in the interplay of education, reason, and freedom that Schouls locates the revolutionary promise of Locke's account of human self-fulfillment.

Freedom from Reality

D. C. Schindler
Freedom from Reality Book PDF

Author : D. C. Schindler
Publisher : University of Notre Dame Pess
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780268102647

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Freedom from Reality by D. C. Schindler Pdf

It is commonly observed that behind many of the political and cultural issues that we face today there are impoverished conceptions of freedom, which, according to D. C. Schindler, we have inherited from the classical liberal tradition without a sufficient awareness of its implications. Freedom from Reality presents a critique of the deceptive and ultimately self-subverting character of the modern notion of freedom, retrieving an alternative view through a new interpretation of the ancient tradition. While many have critiqued the inadequacy of identifying freedom with arbitrary choice, this book seeks to penetrate to the metaphysical roots of the modern conception by going back, through an etymological study, to the original sense of freedom. Schindler begins by uncovering a contradiction in John Locke’s seminal account of human freedom. Rather than dismissing it as a mere “academic” problem, Schindler takes this contradiction as a key to understanding the strange paradoxes that abound in the contemporary values and institutions founded on the modern notion of liberty: the very mechanisms that intend to protect modern freedom render it empty and ineffectual. In this respect, modern liberty is “diabolical”—a word that means, at its roots, that which “drives apart” and so subverts. This is contrasted with the “symbolical” (a “joining-together”), which, he suggests, most basically characterizes the premodern sense of reality. This book will appeal to students and scholars of political philosophy (especially political theorists), philosophers in the continental or historical traditions, and cultural critics with a philosophical bent.

Theoretical and Practical Reason in Economics

Ricardo F. Crespo
Theoretical and Practical Reason in Economics Book PDF

Author : Ricardo F. Crespo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789400755642

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Theoretical and Practical Reason in Economics by Ricardo F. Crespo Pdf

The aim of the book is to argue for the restoration of theoretical and practical reason to economics. It presents Nancy Cartwright and Amartya Sen’s ideas as cases of this restoration and sees Aristotle as an influence on their thought. It looks at how we can use these ideas to develop a valuable understanding of practical reason for solving concrete problems in science and society. Cartwright’s capacities are real causes of events. Sen’s capabilities are the human person’s freedoms or possibilities. They relate these concepts to Aristotelian concepts. This suggests that these concepts can be combined. Sen’s capabilities are Cartwright’s capacities in the human realm; capabilities are real causes of events in economic life. Institutions allow us to deliberate on and guide our decisions about capabilities, through the use of practical reason. Institutions thus embody practical reason and infuse certain predictability into economic action. The book presents a case study: the UNDP’s HDI.​

The School of Freedom

Anthony O'Hear,Marc Sidwell
The School of Freedom Book PDF

Author : Anthony O'Hear,Marc Sidwell
Publisher : Andrews UK Limited
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2013-11-26
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781845404192

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The School of Freedom by Anthony O'Hear,Marc Sidwell Pdf

Liberal education is not a theory. It is the tradition by which Western civilisation has preserved and enriched its inheritance for two and a half thousand years. Yet liberal education is a term that has fallen from use in Britain, its traditional meaning now freely confused with its opposite. This book is intended to correct that misapprehension, through the presentation of original source material from the high points in the liberal education tradition with particular focus on the British experience. Section 1: Origins (c. 450 BC to c. 450 AD) Section 2: The British Tradition (c. 750 to 1950) Section 3: After Tradition (1950 onward) Section 4: Liberal Education Redux (America)

White Freedom

Tyler Stovall
White Freedom Book PDF

Author : Tyler Stovall
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691179469

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White Freedom by Tyler Stovall Pdf

The racist legacy behind the Western idea of freedom The era of the Enlightenment, which gave rise to our modern conceptions of freedom and democracy, was also the height of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. America, a nation founded on the principle of liberty, is also a nation built on African slavery, Native American genocide, and systematic racial discrimination. White Freedom traces the complex relationship between freedom and race from the eighteenth century to today, revealing how being free has meant being white. Tyler Stovall explores the intertwined histories of racism and freedom in France and the United States, the two leading nations that have claimed liberty as the heart of their national identities. He explores how French and American thinkers defined freedom in racial terms and conceived of liberty as an aspect and privilege of whiteness. He discusses how the Statue of Liberty—a gift from France to the United States and perhaps the most famous symbol of freedom on Earth—promised both freedom and whiteness to European immigrants. Taking readers from the Age of Revolution to today, Stovall challenges the notion that racism is somehow a paradox or contradiction within the democratic tradition, demonstrating how white identity is intrinsic to Western ideas about liberty. Throughout the history of modern Western liberal democracy, freedom has long been white freedom. A major work of scholarship that is certain to draw a wide readership and transform contemporary debates, White Freedom provides vital new perspectives on the inherent racism behind our most cherished beliefs about freedom, liberty, and human rights.

Freedom and Reason

R. M. Hare
Freedom and Reason Book PDF

Author : R. M. Hare
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1965-06-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191607035

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Freedom and Reason by R. M. Hare Pdf

Proceeds in a logical fashion to show how, when thinking morally, a man can be both free and rational.

Reason, Value, and Respect

Mark Timmons,Robert Neal Johnson
Reason Value and Respect Book PDF

Author : Mark Timmons,Robert Neal Johnson
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199699575

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Reason, Value, and Respect by Mark Timmons,Robert Neal Johnson Pdf

In 13 specially written essays, leading philosophers explore Kantian themes in moral and political philosophy that are prominent in the work of Thomas E. Hill, Jr., such as respect and self-respect, practical reason, conscience, and duty. In conclusion Hill offers an overview of his work and responses to the preceding essays.

The Meaning of Religious Freedom

Franklin I. Gamwell
The Meaning of Religious Freedom Book PDF

Author : Franklin I. Gamwell
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1995-02-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781438403755

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The Meaning of Religious Freedom by Franklin I. Gamwell Pdf

The endorsement of religious freedom in the first amendment to the Constitution of the United States represents a modern revolution in the relation between politics and religion. In American politics there has been continual disagreement about the meaning of this constitutional principle, and widely-held views of religious freedom include much philosophical confusion. This book shows how a plurality of religious convictions can be politically united only by a free debate among different religious convictions. The author demonstrates that religious freedom is a coherent political principle, and that this principle is the defining democratic commitment because all other political principles should be subject to assessment by the same free debate characterizing religious freedom. This book identifies the meaning of an authentically democratic constitution and the civility required of democratic citizens.

Environmental Organizations and Reasoned Discourse

Richard M. Robinson
Environmental Organizations and Reasoned Discourse Book PDF

Author : Richard M. Robinson
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021-07-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030756062

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Environmental Organizations and Reasoned Discourse by Richard M. Robinson Pdf

This book explores the meaning and role of “fair and reasoned discourse” in the context of our institutions for environmental decision processes. The book reviews the roles of our “environmental advocacy organizations”—such as The Sierra Club, The Audubon Society, the Environmental Defense Fund—in providing and ensuring that our discourse and decisions are fair and reasoned according to the criteria of being (i) inclusive of input from all affected, (ii) informed of relevant scientific and socio-economic information, (iii) uncorrupted by direct conflicts of interest, and (iv) logical according robust review by uncorrupted judges. These organizations are described and examined as expressions of “collective imperfect duty,” i.e. the coordinated duties with environmental direction. The current state of our discourse is examined in light of this fairness criteria, particularly in consideration of the cross-border problems that threaten tragedies of the global commons.

Identity as Reasoned Choice

Jonardon Ganeri
Identity as Reasoned Choice Book PDF

Author : Jonardon Ganeri
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781441116079

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Identity as Reasoned Choice by Jonardon Ganeri Pdf

In an increasingly multi-religious and multi-ethnic world, identity has become something actively chosen rather than merely acquired at birth. This book essentially analyzes the resources available to make such a choice. Looking into the world of intellectual India, this unique comparative survey focuses on the identity resources offered by India's traditions of reasoning and public debate. Arguing that identity is a formation of reason, it draws on Indian theory to claim that identities are constructed from exercises of reason as derivation from exemplary cases. The book demonstrates that contemporary debates on global governance and cosmopolitan identities can benefit from these Indian resources, which were developed within an intercultural pluralism context with an emphasis on consensual resolution of conflict. This groundbreaking work builds on themes developed by Amartya Sen to provide a creative pursuit of Indian reasoning that will appeal to anyone studying politics, philosophy, and Asian political thought.

The Great Art of Government

Peter Josephson
The Great Art of Government Book PDF

Author : Peter Josephson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015054304020

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The Great Art of Government by Peter Josephson Pdf

Moving beyond previous scholarship, he gives us a Locke as much concerned with the effective functioning of government as with the roots of its moral legitimacy."--BOOK JACKET.

Freedom Within Reason

Susan Wolf
Freedom Within Reason Book PDF

Author : Susan Wolf
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Ethics
ISBN : 9780195085655

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Freedom Within Reason by Susan Wolf Pdf

Philosophers typically see the issue of free will and determinism in terms of a debate between two standard positions. Incompatibilism holds that freedom and responsibility require causal and metaphysical independence from the impersonal forces of nature. According to compatibilism, people are free and responsible as long as their actions are governed by their desires. In Freedom Within Reason, Susan Wolf charts a path between these traditional positions: We are not free and responsible, she argues, for actions that are governed by desires that we cannot help having. But the wish to form our own desires from nothing is both futile and arbitrary. Some of the forces beyond our control are friends to freedom rather than enemies of it: they endow us with faculties of reason, perception, and imagination, and provide us with the data by which we come to see and appreciate the world for what it is. The independence we want, Wolf argues, is not independence from the world, but independence from forces that prevent or preclude us from choosing how to live in light of a sufficient appreciation of the world. The freedom we want is a freedom within reason and the world.

Educational Philosophy in the French Enlightenment

Natasha Gill
Educational Philosophy in the French Enlightenment Book PDF

Author : Natasha Gill
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317145684

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Educational Philosophy in the French Enlightenment by Natasha Gill Pdf

Though Emile is still considered the central pedagogical text of the French Enlightenment, a myriad of lesser-known thinkers paved the way for Rousseau's masterpiece. Natasha Gill traces the arc of these thinkers as they sought to reveal the correlation between early childhood experiences and the success or failure of social and political relations, and set the terms for the modern debate about the influence of nature and nurture in individual growth and collective life. Gill offers a comprehensive analysis of the rich cross-fertilization between educational and philosophical thought in the French Enlightenment. She begins by showing how in Some Thoughts Concerning Education John Locke set the stage for the French debate by transposing key themes from his philosophy into an educational context. Her treatment of the abbé Claude Fleury, the rector of the University of Paris Charles Rollin, and Swiss educator Jean-Pierre de Crousaz illustrates the extent to which early Enlightenment theorists reevaluated childhood and learning methods on the basis of sensationist psychology. Etienne-Gabriel Morelly, usually studied as a marginal thinker in the history of utopian thought, is here revealed as the most important precursor to Rousseau, and the first theorist to claim education as the vehicle through which individual liberation, social harmony and political unity could be achieved. Gill concludes with an analysis of the educational-philosophical dispute between Helvétius and Rousseau, and traces the influence of pedagogical theory on the political debate surrounding the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1762.

Moral Rights and Political Freedom

Tara Smith
Moral Rights and Political Freedom Book PDF

Author : Tara Smith
Publisher : Studies in Social, Political
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105009815122

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Moral Rights and Political Freedom by Tara Smith Pdf

Seeking a way out of today's bewildering rush of rights claims, Tara Smith's Moral Rights and Political Freedom offers a systematic account of the nature and foundations of rights. The book carefully elucidates what political freedom is and demonstrates why it should be protected by rights. Smith's thesis is that rights are teleological: respect for freedom is necessary for individuals' flourishing or eudaimonia. Smith illustrates how many alleged rights would actually undermine that objective. Her decisive refutation of the assumption that conflicts between rights are inevitable--demonstrating how such conflicts are theoretically incoherent and practically self-defeating--should go a long way toward resolving many contemporary disputes about rights.

Principle and Prudence in Western Political Thought

Christopher Lynch,Jonathan Marks
Principle and Prudence in Western Political Thought Book PDF

Author : Christopher Lynch,Jonathan Marks
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781438461250

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Principle and Prudence in Western Political Thought by Christopher Lynch,Jonathan Marks Pdf

Reflections on principle and prudence in the thoughts and actions of great thinkers and statesmen. Discussions of the place of moral principle in political practice are haunted by the abstract and misleading distinction between realism and its various principled or “idealist” alternatives. This volume argues that such discussions must be recast in terms of the relationship between principle and prudence: as Nathan Tarcov maintains, that relationship is “not dichotomous but complementary.” In a substantive introduction, the editors investigate Leo Strauss’s attack on contemporary political thought for its failure to account for both principle and prudence in politics. Leading commentators then reflect on principle and prudence in the writings of great thinkers such as Homer, Machiavelli, and Hegel, and in the thoughts and actions of great statesmen such as Pericles, Jefferson, and Lincoln. In a concluding section, contributors reassess Strauss’s own approach to principle and prudence in the history of political philosophy. “Principle and Prudence in Western Political Thought contains a series of first-rate essays on a—if not the—central problem of political thought: how should and can abstract and general principles inform contingent, particularistic political life.” — Catherine H. Zuckert, coauthor of Leo Strauss and the Problem of Political Philosophy