Reasoning Unbound

Author : Jean-François Bonnefon
Publisher : Springer
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781137600493

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Reasoning Unbound by Jean-François Bonnefon Pdf

This book argues that the science of reasoning will prove most useful if focused on studying what human reasoning does best - understanding people. Bonnefon argues that humanity's unique reasoning abilities developed in order to handle the complexities of cooperative social life. Accordingly, human beings became exquisite students of the minds of other people to predict the kind of decisions they make, and assess their character. In particular, this volume explores the inferences humans make about the moral character of others, how they delude themselves about their own moral character, and the ways in which they can see through the delusions of others. In conclusion, the book considers how to leverage the power of human reasoning in order to sustain democratic life. This work will interest scholars and students working in fields including theory of mind, decision-making, moral cognition, critical thinking, experimental philosophy, and behavioural economics, as well as policy makers interested in how reasoning impacts our political understanding.

Author : Mohammad Azadpur
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2011-08-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781438437644

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Reason Unbound by Mohammad Azadpur Pdf

This intriguing work offers a new perspective on Islamic Peripatetic philosophy, critiquing modern receptions of such thought and highlighting the contribution it can make to contemporary Western philosophy. Mohammad Azadpur focuses on the thought of Alfarabi and Avicenna, who, like ancient Greek philosophers and some of their successors, viewed philosophy as a series of spiritual exercises. However, Muslim Peripatetics differed from their Greek counterparts in assigning importance to prophecy. The Islamic philosophical account of the cultivation of the soul to the point of prophecy unfolds new vistas of intellectual and imaginative experience and accords the philosopher an exceptional dignity and freedom. With reference to both Islamic and Western philosophers, Azadpur discusses how Islamic Peripatetic thought can provide an antidote to some of modernity's philosophical problems. A discussion of the development of later Islamic Peripatetic thought is also included.

Author : Kaushik Basu,Ravi Kanbur,S. M. Ravi Kanbur
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 645 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199239979

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Arguments for a Better World: Essays in Honor of Amartya Sen by Kaushik Basu,Ravi Kanbur,S. M. Ravi Kanbur Pdf

Amartya Sen has made deep and lasting contributions to the academic disciplines of economics, philosophy, and the social sciences more broadly. He has engaged in policy dialogue and public debate, advancing the cause of a human development focused policy agenda, and a tolerant and democratic polity. This argumentative Indian has made the case for the poorest of the poor, and for plurality in cultural perspective. It is not surprising that he has won the highest awards, ranging from the Nobel Prize in Economics to the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor. This public recognition has gone hand in hand with the affection and admiration that Amartya's friends and students hold for him. This volume of essays, written in honor of his 75th birthday by his students and peers, covers the range of contributions that Sen has made to knowledge. They are written by some of the world's leading economists, philosophers and social scientists, and address topics such as ethics, welfare economics, poverty, gender, human development, society and politics. The second volume covers the topics of Human Development and Capabilities; Gender and Household; Growth, Poverty and Policy; and Society, Politics and History. It is a fitting tribute to Sen's own contributions to the discourse on Society, Institutions and Development. Contributors include: Bina Agarwal, Isher Ahluwalia, Montek S Ahluwalia, Ingela Alger, Muhammad Asali, Amiya Kumar Bagchi, Pranab Bardhan, Lourdes Benería, Sugata Bose, Lincoln C. Chen, Martha Alter Chen, Kanchan Chopra, Simon Dietz, Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, Jonathan Glover, Cameron Hepburn, Jane Humphries, Rizwanul Islam, Ayesha Jalal, Mary Kaldor, Sunil Khilnani, Stephan Klasen, Jocelyn Kynch, Enrica Chiappero Martinetti, Kirsty McNay, Martha C. Nussbaum, Elinor Ostrom, Gustav Ranis, Sanjay G. Reddy, Emma Samman, Rehman Sobhan, Robert M. Solow, Nicholas Stern, Frances Stewart, Ashutosh Varshney, Sujata Visaria, and Jörgen W. Weibull.

Author : Karl Schafer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192694850

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Kant's Reason by Karl Schafer Pdf

Kant's Reason develops a novel interpretation of Kant's conception of reason and its philosophical significance. Karl Schafer argues that Kant presents a powerful model for understanding the unity of theoretical and practical reason as two manifestations of a unified capacity for theoretical and practical understanding (or "comprehension"). This model allows us to do justice to the deep commonalities between theoretical and practical rationality, without reducing either to the other. In particular, it enables us to see why the activities of both theoretical and practical reason are governed by a version of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, while also seeing why reason is essentially autonomous. At the same time, Kant's Reason reads Kant as presenting a compelling picture of the role that reason, as a capacity or power, should play in a systematic approach to foundational philosophical questions. In doing so, it argues for an account of the fundamental norms that apply to rational beings that treats neither substantive reasons or values nor merely structural rationality as fundamental, but instead provides a robust conception of reason as a power or capacity for theoretical and practical understanding. The result is a form of rational constitutivism, which contrasts both with the forms of reasons fundamentalism that are currently fashionable and the forms of agency-first constitutivism that have dominated Kantian metaethics. In this sense, this volume aims to vindicate Kant's insistence that his philosophy represents nothing more or less than reason's implicit self-understanding coming to explicit and systematic self-consciousness.

Author : Li Di,Edward H. Kerns
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 604 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118788356

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Blood-Brain Barrier in Drug Discovery by Li Di,Edward H. Kerns Pdf

Focused on central nervous system (CNS) drug discovery efforts, this book educates drug researchers about the blood-brain barrier (BBB) so they can affect important improvements in one of the most significant – and most challenging – areas of drug discovery. • Written by world experts to provide practical solutions to increase brain penetration or minimize CNS side-effects • Reviews state-of-the-art in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tools to assess brain penetration and advanced CNS drug delivery strategies • Covers BBB physiology, medicinal chemistry design principles, free drug hypothesis for the BBB, and transport mechanisms including passive diffusion, uptake/efflux transporters, and receptor-mediated processes • Highlights the advances in modelling BBB pharmacokinetics and dynamics relationships (PK/PD) and physiologically-based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) • Discusses case studies of successful CNS and non-CNS drugs, lessons learned and paths to the market

Author : Jesse Davis,Jan Ramon
Publisher : Springer
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2015-12-26
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319237084

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Inductive Logic Programming by Jesse Davis,Jan Ramon Pdf

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming, ILP 2014, held in Nancy, France, in September 2014. The 14 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 41 submissions. The papers focus on topics such as the inducing of logic programs, learning from data represented with logic, multi-relational machine learning, learning from graphs, and applications of these techniques to important problems in fields like bioinformatics, medicine, and text mining.

Author : Roman Kontchakov,Marie-Laure Mugnier
Publisher : Springer
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319111131

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Web Reasoning and Rule Systems by Roman Kontchakov,Marie-Laure Mugnier Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Web Reasoning and Rule Systems, RR 2014, held in Athens, Greece in September 2014. The 9 full papers, 9 technical communications and 5 poster presentations presented together with 3 invited talks, 3 doctoral consortial papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. The conference covers a wide range of the following: semantic Web, rule and ontology languages, and related logics, reasoning, querying, searching and optimization, incompleteness, inconsistency and uncertainty, non-monotonic, common sense, and closed-world reasoning for the web, dynamic information, stream reasoning and complex event processing, decision making, planning, and intelligent agents, machine learning, knowledge extraction and information retrieval, data management, data integration and reasoning on the web of data, ontology-based data access, system descriptions, applications and experiences.

Author : M. Peters,P. Trifonas
Publisher : Springer
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2005-11-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781403980649

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Deconstructing Derrida by M. Peters,P. Trifonas Pdf

Responding to Jacques Derrida's vision for what a 'new' humanities should strive toward, Peter Trifonas and Michael Peters gather together in a single volume original essays by major scholars in the humanities today. Using Derrida's seven programmatic theses as a springboard, the contributors aim to reimagine, as Derrida did, the tasks for the new humanities in such areas as history of literature, history of democracy, history of profession, idea of sovereignty, and history of man. Deconstructing Derrida engages Jacques Derrida's polemic on the future of the humanities to come and expands on the notion of what us proper to the humanities in the current age of globalism and change.

Author : Wael B. Hallaq
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780231550550

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Reforming Modernity by Wael B. Hallaq Pdf

Reforming Modernity is a sweeping intellectual history and philosophical reflection built around the work of the Morocco-based philosopher Abdurrahman Taha, one of the most significant philosophers in the Islamic world since the colonial era. Wael B. Hallaq contends that Taha is at the forefront of forging a new, non-Western-centric philosophical tradition. He explores how Taha’s philosophical project sheds light on recent intellectual currents in the Islamic world and puts forth a formidable critique of Western and Islamic modernities. Hallaq argues that Taha’s project departs from—but leaves behind—the epistemological grounds in which most modern Muslim intellectuals have anchored their programs. Taha systematically rejects the modes of thought that have dominated the Muslim intellectual scene since the beginning of the twentieth century—nationalism, Marxism, secularism, political Islamism, and liberalism. Instead, he provides alternative ways of thinking, forcefully and virtuosically developing an ethical system with a view toward reforming existing modernities. Hallaq analyzes the ethical thread that runs throughout Taha’s oeuvre, illuminating how Taha weaves it into a discursive engagement with the central questions that plague modernity in both the West and the Muslim world. The first introduction to Taha’s ethical philosophy for Western audiences, Reforming Modernity presents his complex thought in an accessible way while engaging with it critically. Hallaq’s conversation with Taha’s work both proffers a cogent critique of modernity and points toward answers for its endemic and seemingly insoluble problems.

Author : Victor Kumar,Richmond Campbell
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780197600122

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A Better Ape by Victor Kumar,Richmond Campbell Pdf

"A Better Ape explores the evolution of the moral mind from our ancestors with chimpanzees, through the origins of our genus and our species, to the development of behaviorally modern humans who underwent revolutions in agriculture, urbanization, and industrial technology. The book begins, in Part I, by explaining the biological evolution of sympathy and loyalty in great apes and trust and respect in the earliest humans. These moral emotions are the first element of the moral mind. Part II explains the gene-culture co-evolution of norms, emotions, and reasoning in Homo sapiens. Moral norms of harm, kinship, reciprocity, autonomy, and fairness are the second element of the moral mind. A social capacity for interactive moral reasoning is the third element. Part III of the book explains the cultural co-evolution of social institutions and morality. Family, religious, military, political, and economic institutions expanded small bands into large tribes and created more intense social hierarchies through new moral norms of authority and purity. Finally, Part IV explains the rational and cultural evolution of moral progress and moral regress as human societies experienced gains and losses in inclusivity and equality. Moral progress against racism, homophobia, speciesism, sexism, classism, and global injustice depends on integration of privileged and oppressed people in physical space, social roles, and democratic decision making. The central idea in the book is that all these major evolutionary transitions, from ancestral apes to modern societies, and now human survival of climate change, depend on co-evolution between morality, knowledge, and complex social structure"--

Author : Antonio Piccolomini d'Aragona
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031514067

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Perspectives on Deduction: Contemporary Studies in the Philosophy, History and Formal Theories of Deduction by Antonio Piccolomini d'Aragona Pdf

Author : Richard L. Tieszen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2005-06-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780521837828

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Phenomenology, Logic, and the Philosophy of Mathematics by Richard L. Tieszen Pdf

In this 2005 book, logic, mathematical knowledge and objects are explored alongside reason and intuition in the exact sciences.

Author : Michael Detlefsen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2005-07-08
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781134975280

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Proof, Logic and Formalization by Michael Detlefsen Pdf

A collection of essays from distinguished contributors looking at why it is that mathematical proof is given precedence over other forms of mathematical justification.

Author : Kohei Arai,Rahul Bhatia
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1254 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030123857

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Advances in Information and Communication by Kohei Arai,Rahul Bhatia Pdf

This book presents a remarkable collection of chapters that cover a wide range of topics in the areas of information and communication technologies and their real-world applications. It gathers the Proceedings of the Future of Information and Communication Conference 2019 (FICC 2019), held in San Francisco, USA from March 14 to 15, 2019. The conference attracted a total of 462 submissions from pioneering researchers, scientists, industrial engineers, and students from all around the world. Following a double-blind peer review process, 160 submissions (including 15 poster papers) were ultimately selected for inclusion in these proceedings. The papers highlight relevant trends in, and the latest research on: Communication, Data Science, Ambient Intelligence, Networking, Computing, Security, and the Internet of Things. Further, they address all aspects of Information Science and communication technologies, from classical to intelligent, and both the theory and applications of the latest technologies and methodologies. Gathering chapters that discuss state-of-the-art intelligent methods and techniques for solving real-world problems, along with future research directions, the book represents both an interesting read and a valuable asset.

Author : Martin Nguyen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-10
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781538115015

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Modern Muslim Theology by Martin Nguyen Pdf

This book aims to bring Muslim theology into the present day. Rather than a purely academic pursuit, Modern Muslim Theology argues that theology is a creative process and discusses how the Islamic tradition can help contemporary practitioners negotiate their relationships with God, with one another, and with the rest of creation.