Reduction Abstraction Analysis

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Reduction - Abstraction - Analysis

Alexander Hieke,Hannes Leitgeb
Reduction Abstraction Analysis Book PDF

Author : Alexander Hieke,Hannes Leitgeb
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-05-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110328875

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Reduction - Abstraction - Analysis by Alexander Hieke,Hannes Leitgeb Pdf

Philosophers often have tried to either reduce "disagreeable" objects or concepts to (more) acceptable objects or concepts. Reduction is regarded attractive by those who subscribe to an ideal of ontological parsimony. But the topic is not just restricted to traditional metaphysics or ontology. In the philosophy of mathematics, abstraction principles, such as Hume's principle, have been suggested to support a reconstruction of mathematics by logical means only. In the philosophy of language and the philosophy of science, the logical analysis of language has long been regarded to be the dominating paradigm, and liberalized projects of logical reconstruction remain to be driving forces of modern philosophy. This volume collects contributions comprising all those topics, including articles by Alexander Bird, Jaakko Hintikka, James Ladyman, Rohit Parikh, Gerhard Schurz, Peter Simons, Crispin Wright and Edward N. Zalta.

Reduction - Abstraction - Analysis

Hieke, Alexander. Edited by,Leitgeb, Hannes. Edited by,Internationales Wittgenstein-Symposium 31, 2008, Kirchberg, Wechsel
Reduction Abstraction Analysis Book PDF

Author : Hieke, Alexander. Edited by,Leitgeb, Hannes. Edited by,Internationales Wittgenstein-Symposium 31, 2008, Kirchberg, Wechsel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3110328887

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Reduction - Abstraction - Analysis by Hieke, Alexander. Edited by,Leitgeb, Hannes. Edited by,Internationales Wittgenstein-Symposium 31, 2008, Kirchberg, Wechsel Pdf

Main description: Philosophers often have tried to either reduce "disagreeable" objects or concepts to (more) acceptable objects or concepts. Reduction is regarded attractive by those who subscribe to an ideal of ontological parsimony. But the topic is not just restricted to traditional metaphysics or ontology. In the philosophy of mathematics, abstraction principles, such as Hume's principle, have been suggested to support a reconstruction of mathematics by logical means only. In the philosophy of language and the philosophy of science, the logical analysis of language has long been regarded to be the dominating paradigm, and liberalized projects of logical reconstruction remain to be driving forces of modern philosophy. This volume collects contributions comprising all those topics, including articles by Alexander Bird, Jaakko Hintikka, James Ladyman, Rohit Parikh, Gerhard Schurz, Peter Simons, Crispin Wright and Edward N. Zalta.

Reduction, Abstraction, Analysis

Alexander Hieke,Hannes Leitgeb
Reduction Abstraction Analysis Book PDF

Author : Alexander Hieke,Hannes Leitgeb
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 3868380477

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Reduction, Abstraction, Analysis by Alexander Hieke,Hannes Leitgeb Pdf

Philosophers often have tried to either reduce "disagreeable" objects or concepts to (more) acceptable objects or concepts. Reduction is regarded attractive by those who subscribe to an ideal of ontological parsimony. But the topic is not just restricted to traditional metaphysics or ontology. In the philosophy of mathematics, abstraction principles, such as Hume's principle, have been suggested to support a reconstruction of mathematics by logical means only. In the philosophy of language and the philosophy of science, the logical analysis of language has long been regarded as the dominating paradigm, and liberalized projects of logical reconstruction remain to be driving forces of modern philosophy. This volume collects contributions comprising all these topics, including articles by Alexander Bird, Jaakko Hintikka, James Ladyman, Rohit Parikh, Gerhard Schurz, Peter Simons, Crispin Wright, and Edward N. Zalta.

It's Abstraction, Concretely

John McGreal
It s Abstraction Concretely Book PDF

Author : John McGreal
Publisher : Troubador Publishing Ltd
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2017-02-21
Category : Art
ISBN : 9781788036429

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It's Abstraction, Concretely by John McGreal Pdf

John McGreal's three new books – It’s Abstraction, Concretely, It’s Figuration, Groundly and It’s Representation, Really – continue the ‘It’ Series published by Matador since 2010. They constitute another stage in an artistic journey exploring the visual and audial dialectic of mark, word and image that began over 25 years ago. Emerging out of the first books on the Bibliograph published in 2016, initiated with It’s Nothing, Seriously, these new texts retain some of the same structural features. The Bibliographs contain the same focus on repetition and variation in meaning of their dominant motifs of representation, abstraction and figuration which have framed philosophical discourse on epistemology and ontology in aesthetics; their chance placement in each Bibliograph interspersed with one another displaying and enhancing similarities and differences. At the same time these works constitute a development in the aesthetic form of the Bibliograph. In earlier works on Nothing, Absence and Silence, it was just a question of finding and transferring given textual references from their source to construct their Bibliographs, with the focus being on the strategic position of the latter within each book. In these new works, the concern has been with working on the line and shape of the references themselves, with their enhanced spacial form as well as that of each Bibliograph as a whole. In shaping and spacing the referential images, the place of words and letters became as important as their semantic & syntactical role. Expansion and contraction of whole words was used to enhance this process. Under such detailed attention their breakdown into particles of language, into part-words and single letters was a result. The recombination of elements produced new words in a process of restrangement with new sequences of letters having visual rather than semantic value. The play on prefixes of dominant motifs yielded new words as did tmesis. This concern with the form of referential images does not preclude an equal commitment to their content. The aleatory character of textual entries in each Bibliograph encourage the reader to let his or her mind go; to read in a new way on diverse contemporary issues across conventional boundaries in the arts and sciences at several levels of physical, psychical and social reproduction.

The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Physics

Eleanor Knox,Alastair Wilson
The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Physics Book PDF

Author : Eleanor Knox,Alastair Wilson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1223 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-09-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317227137

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The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Physics by Eleanor Knox,Alastair Wilson Pdf

The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Physics is a comprehensive and authoritative guide to the state of the art in the philosophy of physics. It comprisess 54 self-contained chapters written by leading philosophers of physics at both senior and junior levels, making it the most thorough and detailed volume of its type on the market – nearly every major perspective in the field is represented. The Companion’s 54 chapters are organized into 12 parts. The first seven parts cover all of the major physical theories investigated by philosophers of physics today, and the last five explore key themes that unite the study of these theories. I. Newtonian Mechanics II. Special Relativity III. General Relativity IV. Non-Relativistic Quantum Theory V. Quantum Field Theory VI. Quantum Gravity VII. Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics VIII. Explanation IX. Intertheoretic Relations X. Symmetries XI. Metaphysics XII. Cosmology The difficulty level of the chapters has been carefully pitched so as to offer both accessible summaries for those new to philosophy of physics and standard reference points for active researchers on the front lines. An introductory chapter by the editors maps out the field, and each part also begins with a short summary that places the individual chapters in context. The volume will be indispensable to any serious student or scholar of philosophy of physics.

Computer Aided Verification

Aarti Gupta,Sharad Malik
Computer Aided Verification Book PDF

Author : Aarti Gupta,Sharad Malik
Publisher : Springer
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2008-07-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540705451

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Computer Aided Verification by Aarti Gupta,Sharad Malik Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV 2008, held in Princeton, NJ, USA, in July 2008. The 33 revised full papers presented together with 14 tool papers and 2 invited papers and 4 invited tutorials were carefully reviewed and selected from 104 regular paper and 27 tool paper submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on concurrency, memory consistency, abstraction/refinement, hybrid systems, dynamic verification, modeling and specification formalisms, decision procedures, program verification, program and shape analysis, security and program analysis, hardware verification, model checking, space efficient algorithms, and model checking.

Thomas Seebohm on the Foundations of the Sciences

Thomas Nenon
Thomas Seebohm on the Foundations of the Sciences Book PDF

Author : Thomas Nenon
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030236618

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Thomas Seebohm on the Foundations of the Sciences by Thomas Nenon Pdf

This book explores the work of Thomas Seebohm (1934-2014), a leading phenomenologist and hermeneuticist. It features papers that offer a critical and constructive dialogue about Seebohm’s analyses and their implications for the sciences. The net result is an in-depth study and a helpful overview of Seebohm’s general approach and his specific views on various areas of modern science. The contributors focus especially upon his final text, History as a Science and the System of the Sciences. They view this as the culmination and summary of his historical and phenomenological investigations into the foundations, nature, and limits of modern sciences. This includes not just history but the Geisteswissenschaften more generally, along with the social and natural sciences as well. The essays in this volume reflect that range. This volume presents insightful discussions about the nature and legitimacy of the human sciences as sciences and the unique character of the social sciences. It will be of interest not just as a matter of historical scholarship, but also and above all as an important contribution to phenomenology and to the philosophy of science and the sciences as such. It deserves attention by scholars from any philosophical tradition interested in thinking about the foundations of their disciplines and a philosophy of science that includes, but is not limited to, the natural sciences.

Introduction to Static Analysis

Xavier Rival,Kwangkeun Yi
Introduction to Static Analysis Book PDF

Author : Xavier Rival,Kwangkeun Yi
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-11
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262043410

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Introduction to Static Analysis by Xavier Rival,Kwangkeun Yi Pdf

A self-contained introduction to abstract interpretation–based static analysis, an essential resource for students, developers, and users. Static program analysis, or static analysis, aims to discover semantic properties of programs without running them. It plays an important role in all phases of development, including verification of specifications and programs, the synthesis of optimized code, and the refactoring and maintenance of software applications. This book offers a self-contained introduction to static analysis, covering the basics of both theoretical foundations and practical considerations in the use of static analysis tools. By offering a quick and comprehensive introduction for nonspecialists, the book fills a notable gap in the literature, which until now has consisted largely of scientific articles on advanced topics. The text covers the mathematical foundations of static analysis, including semantics, semantic abstraction, and computation of program invariants; more advanced notions and techniques, including techniques for enhancing the cost-accuracy balance of analysis and abstractions for advanced programming features and answering a wide range of semantic questions; and techniques for implementing and using static analysis tools. It begins with background information and an intuitive and informal introduction to the main static analysis principles and techniques. It then formalizes the scientific foundations of program analysis techniques, considers practical aspects of implementation, and presents more advanced applications. The book can be used as a textbook in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in static analysis and program verification, and as a reference for users, developers, and experts.

The Multiple Realization Book

Thomas W. Polger,Lawrence A. Shapiro
The Multiple Realization Book Book PDF

Author : Thomas W. Polger,Lawrence A. Shapiro
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : FAMILY & RELATIONSHIPS
ISBN : 9780198732891

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The Multiple Realization Book by Thomas W. Polger,Lawrence A. Shapiro Pdf

Thomas W. Polger and Lawrence A. Shapiro provide a full investigation of multiple realisation - the idea that minds can be realised in ways other than the human brain. They cast doubt on the hypothesis and give an alternative framework for understanding explanations in the cognitive sciences, and in chemistry, biology, and related fields.

Software Abstractions

Daniel Jackson
Software Abstractions Book PDF

Author : Daniel Jackson
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262017152

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Software Abstractions by Daniel Jackson Pdf

An approach to software design that introduces a fully automated analysis giving designers immediate feedback, now featuring the latest version of the Alloy language. In Software Abstractions Daniel Jackson introduces an approach to software design that draws on traditional formal methods but exploits automated tools to find flaws as early as possible. This approach—which Jackson calls “lightweight formal methods” or “agile modeling”—takes from formal specification the idea of a precise and expressive notation based on a tiny core of simple and robust concepts but replaces conventional analysis based on theorem proving with a fully automated analysis that gives designers immediate feedback. Jackson has developed Alloy, a language that captures the essence of software abstractions simply and succinctly, using a minimal toolkit of mathematical notions. This revised edition updates the text, examples, and appendixes to be fully compatible with Alloy 4.

Generating Abstraction Hierarchies

Craig A. Knoblock
Generating Abstraction Hierarchies Book PDF

Author : Craig A. Knoblock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461531524

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Generating Abstraction Hierarchies by Craig A. Knoblock Pdf

Generating Abstraction Hierarchies presents a completely automated approach to generating abstractions for problem solving. The abstractions are generated using a tractable, domain-independent algorithm whose only inputs are the definition of a problem space and the problem to be solved and whose output is an abstraction hierarchy that is tailored to the particular problem. The algorithm generates abstraction hierarchies that satisfy the `ordered monotonicity' property, which guarantees that the structure of an abstract solution is not changed in the process of refining it. An abstraction hierarchy with this property allows a problem to be decomposed such that the solution in an abstract space can be held invariant while the remaining parts of a problem are solved. The algorithm for generating abstractions is implemented in a system called ALPINE, which generates abstractions for a hierarchical version of the PRODIGY problem solver. Generating Abstraction Hierarchies formally defines this hierarchical problem solving method, shows that under certain assumptions this method can reduce the size of a search space from exponential to linear in the solution size, and describes the implementation of this method in PRODIGY. The abstractions generated by ALPINE are tested in multiple domains on large problem sets and are shown to produce shorter solutions with significantly less search than problem solving without using abstraction. Generating Abstraction Hierarchies will be of interest to researchers in machine learning, planning and problem reformation.

Software Safety and Security

NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division
Software Safety and Security Book PDF

Author : NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781614990277

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Software Safety and Security by NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division Pdf

Recent decades have seen major advances in methods and tools for checking the safety and security of software systems. Automatic tools can now detect security flaws not only in programs of the order of a million lines of code, but also in high-level protocol descriptions. There has also been something of a breakthrough in the area of operating system verification. This book presents the lectures from the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Tools for Analysis and Verification of Software Safety and Security; a summer school held at Bayrischzell, Germany, in 2011. This Advanced Study Institute was divided into three integrated modules: Foundations of Safety and Security, Applications of Safety Analysis and Security Analysis. Subjects covered include mechanized game-based proofs of security protocols, formal security proofs, model checking, using and building an automatic program verifier and a hands-on introduction to interactive proofs. Bringing together many leading international experts in the field, this NATO Advanced Study Institute once more proved invaluable in facilitating the connections which will influence the quality of future research and the potential to transfer research into practice. This book will be of interest to all those whose work depends on the safety and security of software systems.

Principles of Abstract Interpretation

Patrick Cousot
Principles of Abstract Interpretation Book PDF

Author : Patrick Cousot
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 833 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262361521

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Principles of Abstract Interpretation by Patrick Cousot Pdf

Introduction to abstract interpretation, with examples of applications to the semantics, specification, verification, and static analysis of computer programs. Formal methods are mathematically rigorous techniques for the specification, development, manipulation, and verification of safe, robust, and secure software and hardware systems. Abstract interpretation is a unifying theory of formal methods that proposes a general methodology for proving the correctness of computing systems, based on their semantics. The concepts of abstract interpretation underlie such software tools as compilers, type systems, and security protocol analyzers. This book provides an introduction to the theory and practice of abstract interpretation, offering examples of applications to semantics, specification, verification, and static analysis of programming languages with emphasis on calculational design. The book covers all necessary computer science and mathematical concepts--including most of the logic, order, linear, fixpoint, and discrete mathematics frequently used in computer science--in separate chapters before they are used in the text. Each chapter offers exercises and selected solutions. Chapter topics include syntax, parsing, trace semantics, properties and their abstraction, fixpoints and their abstractions, reachability semantics, abstract domain and abstract interpreter, specification and verification, effective fixpoint approximation, relational static analysis, and symbolic static analysis. The main applications covered include program semantics, program specification and verification, program dynamic and static analysis of numerical properties and of such symbolic properties as dataflow analysis, software model checking, pointer analysis, dependency, and typing (both for forward and backward analysis), and their combinations. Principles of Abstract Interpretation is suitable for classroom use at the graduate level and as a reference for researchers and practitioners.

The Appearance of Ignorance

Keith DeRose
The Appearance of Ignorance Book PDF

Author : Keith DeRose
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192535900

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The Appearance of Ignorance by Keith DeRose Pdf

Contextualism, the view that the epistemic standards a subject must meet in order for a claim attributing "knowledge" to her to be true do vary with context, has been hotly debated in epistemology and philosophy of language during the last few decades. This volume presents, develops, and defends contextualist solutions to two of the stickiest problems in epistemology: the puzzles of skeptical hypotheses and of lotteries. It is argued that, at least by ordinary standards for knowledge, we do know that skeptical hypotheses are false, and that we've lost the lottery. Why it seems that we don't know that they're false tells us a lot, both about what knowledge is and how knowledge attributions work. The Appearance of Ignorance is the companion volume to Keith DeRose's 2009 title The Case for Contextualism: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Context, Volume 1.

Philosophy and Model Theory

Tim Button,Sean P. Walsh
Philosophy and Model Theory Book PDF

Author : Tim Button,Sean P. Walsh
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 534 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780198790396

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Philosophy and Model Theory by Tim Button,Sean P. Walsh Pdf

Model theory is an important area of mathematical logic which has deep philosophical roots, many philosophical applications, and great philosophical interest in itself. The aim of this book is to introduce, organise, survey, and develop these connections between philosophy and model theory, for the benefit of philosophers and logicians alike.