Regulation Of Carcinogenesis Angiogenesis And Metastasis By The Proprotein Convertases Pc S

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Regulation of Carcinogenesis, Angiogenesis and Metastasis by the Proprotein Convertases (PC's)

Abdel-Majid Khatib
Regulation of Carcinogenesis Angiogenesis and Metastasis by the Proprotein Convertases PC s Book PDF

Author : Abdel-Majid Khatib
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2007-05-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781402051326

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Regulation of Carcinogenesis, Angiogenesis and Metastasis by the Proprotein Convertases (PC's) by Abdel-Majid Khatib Pdf

Convertases are widely expressed activating enzymes involved in various physiological and pathological processes. This book provides detailed and updated information on the role of these molecules in cancer. It is the first to summarize current knowledge of the importance of protein precursors maturation by the convertases in tumor progression, angiogenesis and metastasis. Each chapter discusses the importance of the convertases in the activation of various cancer-related molecules including growth factors, adhesion molecules and proteases.

The Proprotein Convertases

Abdel-Majid Khatib,A-Majid Khatib
The Proprotein Convertases Book PDF

Author : Abdel-Majid Khatib,A-Majid Khatib
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615045365

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The Proprotein Convertases by Abdel-Majid Khatib,A-Majid Khatib Pdf

Proprotein convertases (PCs) are a family of proteases including PC1, PC2, Furin, PC4, PACE4, PC5, and PC7. These enzymes are involved in the maturation of many precursor proteins involved in the process of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Since their discovery, PCs were suggested as potential targets for anti-cancer therapy, and their activity was found to directly affect tumor cell proliferation, migration invasion, and the malignant phenotypes of tumor cells. Here, we discuss a number of previous and recent findings on the PCs features, their implication in the regulation of multiple cellular functions that impact on the invasive/metastatic potential of cancer cells, and their clinical relevance in cancer patients. Among the substrates of the proprotein convertases, various growth factors, their receptors, adhesion molecules, and proteases were identified. The PCs are inhibited by endogenous and exogenous inhibitors. To date, only pro7B2, a specific chaperone of PC2, and the granine-like precursor of neuroendocrine protein proSAAS, a selective ligand of PC1, have been identified as endogenous inhibitors of the PCs found in the regulated pathway. However, only PCs prosegments, several bioengineered inhibitors, peptides, and non-peptide compounds were found to inhibit the activity of the PCs found in the secretory pathway.

Non-peptide Inhibitors of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexins (PCSKs)

Utpal Chandra De,Priyambada Mishra,Prasenjit Rudra Pal,Biswanath Dinda,Ajoy Basak
Non peptide Inhibitors of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexins PCSKs Book PDF

Author : Utpal Chandra De,Priyambada Mishra,Prasenjit Rudra Pal,Biswanath Dinda,Ajoy Basak
Publisher : Biota Publishing
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781615044757

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Non-peptide Inhibitors of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexins (PCSKs) by Utpal Chandra De,Priyambada Mishra,Prasenjit Rudra Pal,Biswanath Dinda,Ajoy Basak Pdf

The Ca+2-dependent mammalian Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexins (PCSKs) or Proprotein/ Prohormone Convertases (PCs) are a family of endoproteases that play critical roles not only in normal development and metabolism but also in various physiological and pathological conditions. These were initiated by the proteolytic processing of large inactive proproteins into their shorter bioactive mature forms by the PCSK enzymes. These events take place in a highly selective, orchestrated, and stepwise manner. Among the various proprotein substrates of PCSK enzymes, particularly important are the precursor growth factors that include proPDGF-A, B, proIGF-1, 2 and proVEGF-C because of their strong implications in neoplasia initiation, progression, and metastasis. As a result of these findings, PCSK enzymes, particularly furin or PCSK3, became a major target for possible interventions of cancer via the use of their selective inhibitors. Significant progress has been accomplished in the development of peptide and protein-based PCSK inhibitors. However, non-peptide PCSK9 inhibitors are more preferable because of their drug-like and other characteristics. So far, a few non-peptide inhibitors of PCSK enzymes of various types of chemical structures have been described in the literature. These include (i) Carbocyclic compounds of diterpene and streptamine class. (ii) Nitrogen (N)-based heterocyclic compounds of various types and chemical structures such as (a) pyrrolidine bis piperazines, (b) Cu/Zn chelating terpyridine derivatives; (iii) Oxygen (O)-based Heterocyclic compounds of varying types of chemical structures such as (a) Flavonoids, (b) Coumarins of simple and dimeric types, (c) Quinonoids, (d) Iridoids; (iv) Aromatic compounds such as (a) Aryl guanidino and amidino derivatives, (b) Naphthyl fluorescein derivative, and (c) Phenyl Arsonic acids; and (v) C2-symmetrical aromatic azo-compounds. When measured against a small peptidyl-MCA fluorogenic substrate, these inhibitors displayed IC50 values ranging from nM to μM. A number of these inhibitors exhibited significant anti-PCSK activity when tested in ex vivo or cell culture conditions. This article provides an overall review of all non-peptide PCSK inhibitors so far reported in the literature along with those we identified recently for the first time and not yet published. The potential implications of these molecules as biochemical, therapeutical, or clinical agents will also be discussed.

Angiogenesis Inhibition

Rüdiger Liersch,Wolfgang E. Berdel,Torsten Kessler
Angiogenesis Inhibition Book PDF

Author : Rüdiger Liersch,Wolfgang E. Berdel,Torsten Kessler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2009-12-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540782810

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Angiogenesis Inhibition by Rüdiger Liersch,Wolfgang E. Berdel,Torsten Kessler Pdf

Angiogenesis is attracting increased scientific and clinical interest. The identification of novel mediators and targeting molecules has led to significant progress in our understanding of tumor angiogenesis and tumor vessel targeting. Important advances in cancer treatment have already emerged, and in the future, blood vessel targeting will play a significant role within individualized therapeutic strategies. This volume provides a general overview of the latest developments in angiogenesis inhibition in cancer. All aspects from the bench to the bedside are considered, with detailed attention both to basic research and to its translation into clinical practice. Individual chapters are devoted to the roles of angiopoietins, HIF-1a, chemokines, PDGF and VEGF, and vascular integrins. The latest results of clinical trials are presented, and various advanced targeting strategies are discussed. This book will be invaluable to all who wish to learn of the most recent advances in this exciting field.

Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance

Aamir Ahmad
Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance Book PDF

Author : Aamir Ahmad
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-08-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030203016

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Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance by Aamir Ahmad Pdf

Resistance to therapies, both targeted and systemic, and metastases to distant organs are the underlying causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. The second edition of Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance brings together some of the leading experts to comprehensively understand breast cancer: the factors that make it lethal, and current research and clinical progress. This volume covers the following core topics: basic understanding of breast cancer (statistics, epidemiology, racial disparity and heterogeneity), metastasis and drug resistance (bone metastasis, trastuzumab resistance, tamoxifen resistance and novel therapeutic targets, including non-coding RNAs, inflammatory cytokines, cancer stem cells, ubiquitin ligases, tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways such as TRAIL, JAK-STAT and mTOR) and recent developments in the field (epigenetic regulation, microRNAs-mediated regulation, novel therapies and the clinically relevant 3D models). Experts also discuss the advances in laboratory research along with their translational and clinical implications with an overarching goal to improve the diagnosis and prognosis, particularly that of breast cancer patients with advanced disease.

Uterine Endometrial Function

Hideharu Kanzaki
Uterine Endometrial Function Book PDF

Author : Hideharu Kanzaki
Publisher : Springer
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2016-05-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9784431559726

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Uterine Endometrial Function by Hideharu Kanzaki Pdf

This book focuses on uterine endometrial function and receptivity from multiple perspectives. The chapters cover a variety of topics including the role of estrogen and progesterone, animal models, parameters for assessing endometrial receptivity, the mechanism of angiogenesis, epigenetic regulation, and stem/progenitor cells. Despite nearly 35 years of experience with in vitro fertilization, the rate of successful implantations remains low. Abnormal endometrial receptivity has been proposed as one of the factors contributing to reduced reproductive potential in women, but our understanding of it is limited. Endometrial receptivity results from an orchestrated interplay between the embryo and the maternal endometrium, and the receptive status, known as the window of implantation, is reached only briefly in the mid-luteal phase. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in endometrial function and paves the way for innovative treatments and drug development for infertility. This work will appeal to a wide readership, from researchers on endometrial function and assisted reproductive technology (ART) to clinicians and technicians in the field of gynecology.

The IGF System

Ron G. Rosenfeld,Charles T. Roberts
The IGF System Book PDF

Author : Ron G. Rosenfeld,Charles T. Roberts
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 883 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1999-06-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781592597123

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The IGF System by Ron G. Rosenfeld,Charles T. Roberts Pdf

It has been over 40 years since the original report by Salmon and Daughaday demon strating that the ability of GH to stimulate sulfation of cartilage was mediated by a "sulfation factor. " In the ensuing decades, it has become apparent that this "sulfation factor activity" encompasses a complex system ofligands (IGFs), receptors, and carrier proteins that are, in tum, responsible for a wide array of cellular actions. The IGF system has been demonstrated to be critically involved in both intrauterine and postnatal growth, and to have important implications in cancer biology as well, owing to the ability of the IGFs to function in endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine modes and given the wide distri bution of IGFs in virtually every organ system. The contributions to The /GF System reflect the wide span of interest in the IGF system and its implications for normal and abnormal growth and metabolism. The chapters have been divided into four broad sections: I. Molecular biology of the IGF system; II. Bio logical actions of the IGFs; III. IGF physiology; and IV. Clinical aspects of the IGFs. We have made every effort to highlight the major contemporary themes in IGF biology, but as is inevitable in such a fast-moving field, perspectives will continue to change as new information is accumulated.

The Drosophila Model in Cancer

Wu-Min Deng
The Drosophila Model in Cancer Book PDF

Author : Wu-Min Deng
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030236298

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The Drosophila Model in Cancer by Wu-Min Deng Pdf

This volume provides a series of review articles that capture the advances in using the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, model system to address a wide range of cancer-related topics. Articles in this book provide case studies that shed light on the intricate cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tumor formation and progression. Readers will discover the beauty of the fly model’s genetic simplicity and the vast arsenal of powerful genetic tools enabling its efficient and adaptable use. This model organism has provided a unique opportunity to address questions regarding cancer initiation and development that would be extremely challenging in other model systems. This book provides a useful resource for a researcher who wishes to learn about and apply the Drosophila model to tackle fundamental questions in cancer biology, and to find new ways to fight against this devastating disease.

New Trends in Cancer for the 21st Century

Antonio Llombart-Bosch,Vicente Felipo
New Trends in Cancer for the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Antonio Llombart-Bosch,Vicente Felipo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461500810

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New Trends in Cancer for the 21st Century by Antonio Llombart-Bosch,Vicente Felipo Pdf

Given the latest advances in cancer research, which includes basic research and its derived diagnostic, clinical, and therapeutic applications, the book New Trends in Cancer for the 21st Century is written by individuals such as molecular biologists, whose tasks are to decipher, after sequencing the human genome, those new genes and pathways involved in the carcinogenesis process; clinical and molecular pathologists, who apply these discoveries for the molecular diagnosis and characterization of the tumor; and clinical oncologists, who treat patients. Pharmacogenetics introduces new perspectives in the translational fields with the design of drugs against specific targets, which at this moment are in clinical trials phases. This book achieves a state of the art in every field of cancer research and discusses the new perspectives that will open the future for cancer treatment (basic research, new technologies, new drugs, therapies...). For this reason, the book is intended for pathologists, clinicians, and biologists, as well as fellows and students of physiology and medicine.

Exploring Pancreatic Metabolism and Malignancy

Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju,Aramati BM Reddy
Exploring Pancreatic Metabolism and Malignancy Book PDF

Author : Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju,Aramati BM Reddy
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789813293939

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Exploring Pancreatic Metabolism and Malignancy by Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju,Aramati BM Reddy Pdf

This book comprehensively describes the association between metabolic syndrome and pancreatic cancer progression, and the mechanism of action and target definition with a view to drug discovery. Metabolic syndrome, which includes adnominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia, has recently been shown to play an important role in the etiology and progression of various cancers. Further, obesity and diabetes have been associated with an increased incidence of gastric cancers. The book reviews the key biological mechanisms underlying the association between metabolic dysregulation, including obesity-associated enhancement of growth factor signaling, inflammation, and perturbation in pancreatic cancer cell growth and metastasis. It also illustrates the role of the inflammatory signaling pathway in metabolic diseases as well as tumor growth and explores the potential of these pathways as the rational targets for pancreatic cancer therapy. Lastly, the book offers a comprehensive description of the challenges associated with diabetes and pancreatic cancer therapy.

Biologics, Biosimilars, and Biobetters

Iqbal Ramzan
Biologics Biosimilars and Biobetters Book PDF

Author : Iqbal Ramzan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-02-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119564652

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Biologics, Biosimilars, and Biobetters by Iqbal Ramzan Pdf

A comprehensive primer and reference, this book provides pharmacists and health practitioners the relevant science and policy concepts behind biologics, biosimilars, and biobetters from a practical and clinical perspective. Explains what pharmacists need to discuss the equivalence, efficacy, safety, and risks of biosimilars with physicians, health practitioners, and patients about Guides regulators on pragmatic approaches to dealing with these drugs in the context of rapidly evolving scientific and clinical evidence Balances scientific information on complex drugs with practical information, such as a checklist for pharmacists

Toll-like Receptors in Inflammation

Luke A.J. O'Neill,Elizabeth Brint
Toll like Receptors in Inflammation Book PDF

Author : Luke A.J. O'Neill,Elizabeth Brint
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2005-12-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3764372850

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Toll-like Receptors in Inflammation by Luke A.J. O'Neill,Elizabeth Brint Pdf

A repertoire of 10 TLRs mediate the first response to all microbes that infect mammals. They are the long sought receptors for a wide range of microbial products. Notable examples include TLR4 which recognizes LPS from gram negative bacteria, TLR3 which recognizes viral double-stranded RNA and TLR9 which recognizes CpG DNA motifs, found commonly in both viruses and bacteria. TLRs are increasingly being implicated in both infectious and inflammatory diseases, notable examples being sepsis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis and asthma. There is therefore great interest in targeting TLRs therapeutically since blocking TLRs will result in a decrease in the production of inflammatory mediators such as TNF. This volume covers our current understanding of TLRs, and their role in inflammation. Given the primacy of TLRs in the inflammatory process and their emerging role in inflammatory diseases the book is of great interest to researchers working in inflammation and immunology.

Stem Cells

Ariff Bongso,Eng Hin Lee
Stem Cells Book PDF

Author : Ariff Bongso,Eng Hin Lee
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 721 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814289382

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Stem Cells by Ariff Bongso,Eng Hin Lee Pdf

Stem cell biology has drawn tremendous interest in recent years as it promises cures for a variety of incurable diseases. This book deals with the basic and clinical aspects of stem cell research and involves work on the full spectrum of stem cells isolated today. It also covers the conversion of stem cell types into a variety of useful tissues which may be used in the future for transplantation therapy. It is thus aimed at undergraduates, postgraduates, scientists, embryologists, doctors, tissue engineers and anyone who wishes to gain some insight into stem cell biology. This book is important as it is comprehensive and covers all aspects of stem cell biology, from basic research to clinical applications. It will have 33 chapters written by renowned stem cell scientists worldwide. It will be up-to-date and all the chapters include self-explanatory figures, color photographs, graphics and tables. It will be easy to read and give the reader a complete understanding and state of the art of the exciting science and its applications.

The Human Endometrium

Carlo Bulletti,Erlio Gurpide,Carlo Flamigni
The Human Endometrium Book PDF

Author : Carlo Bulletti,Erlio Gurpide,Carlo Flamigni
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Medical
ISBN : STANFORD:36105009761052

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The Human Endometrium by Carlo Bulletti,Erlio Gurpide,Carlo Flamigni Pdf

The structural, biochemical and clinical events related to menstruation, implantation, parturition, endometriosis, abnormal uterine bleeding and endometrial cancer are discussed in this comprehensive volume on the biological functions of the endometrium. New topics, such as the biochemical and molecular mechanisms regulating maternal embryonic interaction, are explored, and gynecologic endoscopy and therapeutic tools are discussed. The proceedings of the first conference is also available from the Academy, as volume 622 of The Annals of The New York Academy of Science.

Bile Acids and Their Receptors

Stefano Fiorucci,Eleonora Distrutti
Bile Acids and Their Receptors Book PDF

Author : Stefano Fiorucci,Eleonora Distrutti
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2019-09-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030220051

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Bile Acids and Their Receptors by Stefano Fiorucci,Eleonora Distrutti Pdf

This book focusses on the latest results related to the field of bile acids as signaling molecules and describes how these receptors have become a major pharmacological target. It covers all major areas of research in this field, from genetics, chemistry, in silico modeling, molecular biology to clinical applications, offering a cross-country view of the functional role of bile acids as signaling molecules, virtually acting on all major areas of metabolism. While FXR and GPBAR1 are essential bile acid sensors that integrate the de novo bile acid synthesis with intestinal microbiota and liver metabolism, in a broader sense, BARs play a pathogenic role in the development of common human alignments including liver, intestinal and metabolic disorders, such as steatosis (NAFLD) and steato-hepatitis (NASH), diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis.