Religion Power And The Rise Of Shinto In Early Modern Japan

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Religion, Power, and the Rise of Shinto in Early Modern Japan

Stefan Köck,Brigitte Pickl-Kolaczia,Bernhard Scheid
Religion Power and the Rise of Shinto in Early Modern Japan Book PDF

Author : Stefan Köck,Brigitte Pickl-Kolaczia,Bernhard Scheid
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-08
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781350181076

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Religion, Power, and the Rise of Shinto in Early Modern Japan by Stefan Köck,Brigitte Pickl-Kolaczia,Bernhard Scheid Pdf

This book sheds new light on the relationship between religion and state in early modern Japan, and demonstrates the growing awareness of Shinto in both the political and the intellectual elite of Tokugawa Japan, even though Buddhism remained the privileged means of stately religious control. The first part analyses how the Tokugawa government aimed to control the populace via Buddhism and at the same time submitted Buddhism to the sacralization of the Tokugawa dynasty. The second part focuses on the religious protests throughout the entire period, with chapters on the suppression of Christians, heterodox Buddhist sects, and unwanted folk practitioners. The third part tackles the question of why early Tokugawa Confucianism was particularly interested in “Shinto” as an alternative to Buddhism and what “Shinto” actually meant from a Confucian stance. The final part of the book explores attempts to curtail the institutional power of Buddhism by reforming Shinto shrines, an important step in the so called “Shintoization of shrines” including the development of a self-contained Shinto clergy.

Shinto

Nobutaka Inoue,Endo Jun,Mori Mizue,Ito Satoshi
Shinto Book PDF

Author : Nobutaka Inoue,Endo Jun,Mori Mizue,Ito Satoshi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2003-09-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134384624

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Shinto by Nobutaka Inoue,Endo Jun,Mori Mizue,Ito Satoshi Pdf

Shinto - A Short History provides an introductory outline of the historical development of Shinto from the ancient period of Japanese history until the present day. Shinto does not offer a readily identifiable set of teachings, rituals or beliefs; individual shrines and kami deities have led their own lives, not within the confines of a narrowly defined Shinto, but rather as participants in a religious field that included Buddhist, Taoist, Confucian and folk elements. Thus, this book approaches Shinto as a series of historical 'religious systems' rather than attempting to identify a timeless 'Shinto essence'. This history focuses on three aspects of Shinto practice: the people involved in shrine worship, the institutional networks that ensured continuity, and teachings and rituals. By following the interplay between these aspects in different periods, a pattern of continuity and discontinuity is revealed that challenges received understandings of the history of Shinto. This book does not presuppose prior knowledge of Japanese religion, and is easily accessible for those new to the subject.

Religious Discourse in Modern Japan

Jun'ichi Isomae
Religious Discourse in Modern Japan Book PDF

Author : Jun'ichi Isomae
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004272682

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Religious Discourse in Modern Japan by Jun'ichi Isomae Pdf

Religious Discourse in Modern Japan explores the introduction of the Western concept of “religion” to Japan in the modern era, and the emergence of discourse on Shinto, philosophy, and Buddhism. Taking Anesaki’s founding of religious studies (shukyogaku) at Tokyo Imperial University as a pivot, Isomae examines the evolution of this academic discipline in the changing context of social conditions from the Meiji era through the present. Special attention is given to the development of Shinto studies/history of Shinto, and the problems of State Shinto and the emperor system are described in relation to the nature of the concept of religion. Isomae also explains how the discourse of religious studies developed in connection with secular discourses on literature and history, including Marxism.

Emplacing a Pilgrimage

Barbara Ambros
Emplacing a Pilgrimage Book PDF

Author : Barbara Ambros
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-23
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781684174690

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Emplacing a Pilgrimage by Barbara Ambros Pdf

"Towering over the Kanto Plain, the sacred mountain Ōyama (literally, “Big Mountain”) has loomed large over the religious landscape of early modern Japan.By the Edo period (1600–1868), the revered peak had undergone a transformation from secluded spiritual retreat to popular pilgrimage destination. Its status as a regional landmark among its devotees was boosted by its proximity to the shogunal capital and the wide appeal of its amalgamation of Buddhism, Shinto, mountain asceticism, and folk beliefs. The influence of the Ōyama cult—the intersecting beliefs, practices, and infrastructure associated with the sacred site—was not lost on the ruling Tokugawa shogunate, which saw in the pilgrimage an opportunity to reinforce the communal ideals and social structures that the authorities espoused.Barbara Ambros provides a detailed narrative history of the mountain and its place in contemporary society and popular religion by focusing on the development of the Ōyama cult and its religious, political, and socioeconomic contexts. Richly illustrated and carefully researched, this study emphasizes the importance of “site” or “region” in considering the multifaceted nature and complex history of religious practice in Tokugawa Japan."

Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan

Aike P. Rots
Shinto Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan Book PDF

Author : Aike P. Rots
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-07
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781474289955

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Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan by Aike P. Rots Pdf

Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan is the first systematic study of Shinto's environmental turn. The book traces the development in recent decades of the idea of Shinto as an 'ancient nature religion,' and a resource for overcoming environmental problems. The volume shows how these ideas gradually achieved popularity among scientists, priests, Shinto-related new religious movements and, eventually, the conservative shrine establishment. Aike P. Rots argues that central to this development is the notion of chinju no mori: the sacred groves surrounding many Shinto shrines. Although initially used to refer to remaining areas of primary or secondary forest, today the term has come to be extended to any sort of shrine land, signifying not only historical and ecological continuity but also abstract values such as community spirit, patriotism and traditional culture. The book shows how Shinto's environmental turn has also provided legitimacy internationally: influenced by the global discourse on religion and ecology, in recent years the Shinto establishment has actively engaged with international organizations devoted to the conservation of sacred sites. Shinto sacred forests thus carry significance locally as well as nationally and internationally, and figure prominently in attempts to reposition Shinto in the centre of public space.

Shinto

Helen Hardacre
Shinto Book PDF

Author : Helen Hardacre
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 721 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190621711

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Shinto by Helen Hardacre Pdf

Helen Hardacre offers a sweeping, comprehensive history of Shinto, the tradition that is practiced by some 80 percent of the Japanese people and underlies the institution of the Emperor.

Politics and Religion in Modern Japan

R. Starrs
Politics and Religion in Modern Japan Book PDF

Author : R. Starrs
Publisher : Springer
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2011-08-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780230336681

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Politics and Religion in Modern Japan by R. Starrs Pdf

Written by leading scholars in the field, this book provides new insights, based on original research, into the full spectrum of modern Japanese political-religious activity: from the prewar uses of Shinto in shaping the modern imperial nation-state to the postwar 'new religions' that have challenged the power of the political establishment.

A New History of Shinto

John Breen,Mark Teeuwen
A New History of Shinto Book PDF

Author : John Breen,Mark Teeuwen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2011-09-13
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781444357684

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A New History of Shinto by John Breen,Mark Teeuwen Pdf

This accessible guide to the development of Japan’s indigenous religion from ancient times to the present day offers an illuminating introduction to the myths, sites and rituals of kami worship, and their role in Shinto’s enduring religious identity. Offers a unique new approach to Shinto history that combines critical analysis with original research Examines key evolutionary moments in the long history of Shinto, including the Meiji Revolution of 1868, and provides the first critical history in English or Japanese of the Hie shrine, one of the most important in all Japan Traces the development of various shrines, myths, and rituals through history as uniquely diverse phenomena, exploring how and when they merged into the modern notion of Shinto that exists in Japan today Challenges the historic stereotype of Shinto as the unchanging, all-defining core of Japanese culture

Defining Shinto

Mark Wheeler Macwilliams,Michiaki Okuyama
Defining Shinto Book PDF

Author : Mark Wheeler Macwilliams,Michiaki Okuyama
Publisher : Critical Categories in the Study of Religion
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Shinto
ISBN : 1844658384

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Defining Shinto by Mark Wheeler Macwilliams,Michiaki Okuyama Pdf

This book provides key official documents alongside political, religious-philosophical, and historical essays, illustrating how the term "Shinto" has metamorphosed terminologically from Japan's emergence as a modern nation state in the late 19th century to the postmodern Japan of today. "Shinto" is one of the most contested categories in the field of Japanese religious studies. While the term "Shinto" has a long history in the pre-modern period, this volume focuses on how the term has evolved in modern Japan. Divided into five parts, the book covers: Shinto and the modern Japanese nation state Pre-war Japanese intellectuals on Shinto Shinto and ultra-nationalism of the 1930s and 1940s Post-war reforms and reformulations Contemporary ways of defining Shinto Presenting a wealth of documents, most of which have been translated here for the first time, the book is an invaluable resource for scholars and students of Japanese religion.

Shinto in History

John Breen,Mark Teeuwen
Shinto in History Book PDF

Author : John Breen,Mark Teeuwen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781136827044

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Shinto in History by John Breen,Mark Teeuwen Pdf

This is the only book to date offering a critical overview of Shinto from early times to the modern era, and evaluating Shinto's place in Japanese religious culture. In recent years, a few books on medieval Shinto have appeared, but none has attempted to depict the broader picture, to examine critically Shinto's origins and its subsequent development through the medieval, pre-modern and modern periods. The essays in this book address such key topics as Shinto and Daoism in early Japan, Shinto and the natural environment, Shinto and state ritual in early Japan, Shinto and Buddhism in medieval Japan, and Shinto and the state in the modern period. All of the essays highlight the dynamic nature of Shinto and shrine history by focusing on the three-way relationship, often fraught, between local shrine cults, Shinto agendas and Buddhism.

Tokugawa Religion

Robert Bellah
Tokugawa Religion Book PDF

Author : Robert Bellah
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2008-06-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781439119020

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Tokugawa Religion by Robert Bellah Pdf

Robert N. Bellah's classic study, Tokugawa Religion does for Japan what Max Weber's The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism did for the West. One of the foremost authorities on Japanese history and culture, Bellah explains how religion in the Tokugawa period (160-1868) established the foundation for Japan's modern industrial economy and dispels two misconceptions about Japanese modernization: that it began with Admiral Perry's arrival in 1868, and that it rapidly developed because of the superb Japanese ability for imitation. In this revealing work, Bellah shows how the native doctrines of Buddhism, Confucianism and Shinto encouraged forms of logic and understanding necessary for economic development. Japan's current status as an economic superpower and industrial model for many in the West makes this groundbreaking volume even more important today than when it was first published in 1957. With a new introduction by the author.

Shimaji Mokurai and the Reconception of Religion and the Secular in Modern Japan

Hans Martin Krämer
Shimaji Mokurai and the Reconception of Religion and the Secular in Modern Japan Book PDF

Author : Hans Martin Krämer
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-06-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780824857219

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Shimaji Mokurai and the Reconception of Religion and the Secular in Modern Japan by Hans Martin Krämer Pdf

Religion is at the heart of such ongoing political debates in Japan as the constitutionality of official government visits to Yasukuni Shrine, yet the very categories that frame these debates, namely religion and the secular, entered the Japanese language less than 150 years ago. To think of religion as a Western imposition, as something alien to Japanese reality, however, would be simplistic. As this in-depth study shows for the first time, religion and the secular were critically reconceived in Japan by Japanese who had their own interests and traditions as well as those received in their encounters with the West. It argues convincingly that by the mid-nineteenth century developments outside of Europe and North America were already part of a global process of rethinking religion. The Buddhist priest Shimaji Mokurai (1838–1911) was the first Japanese to discuss the modern concept of religion in some depth in the early 1870s. In his person, indigenous tradition, politics, and Western influence came together to set the course the reconception of religion would take in Japan. The volume begins by tracing the history of the modern Japanese term for religion, shūkyō, and its components and exploring the significance of Shimaji’s sectarian background as a True Pure Land Buddhist. Shimaji went on to shape the early Meiji government’s religious policy and was essential in redefining the locus of Buddhism in modernity and indirectly that of Shinto, which led to its definition as nonreligious and in time to the creation of State Shinto. Finally, the work offers an extensive account of Shimaji’s intellectual dealings with the West (he was one of the first Buddhists to travel to Europe) as well as clarifying the ramifications of these encounters for Shimaji’s own thinking. Concluding chapters historicize Japanese appropriations of secularization from medieval times to the twentieth century and discuss the meaning of the reconception of religion in modern Japan. Highly original and informed, Shimaji Mokurai and the Reconception of Religion and the Secular in Modern Japan not only emphasizes the agency of Asian actors in colonial and semicolonial situations, but also hints at the function of the concept of religion in modern society: a secularist conception of religion was the only way to ensure the survival of religion as we know it today. In this respect, the Japanese reconception of religion and the secular closely parallels similar developments in the West.

The Origin of Modern Shinto in Japan

Yijiang Zhong
The Origin of Modern Shinto in Japan Book PDF

Author : Yijiang Zhong
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-10-06
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781474271103

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The Origin of Modern Shinto in Japan by Yijiang Zhong Pdf

Yijiang Zhong analyses the formation of Shinto as a complex and diverse religious tradition in early modern and Meiji Japan, 1600-1868. Highlighting the role of the god Okuninushi and the mythology centered on the Izumo Shrine in western Japan as part of this process, he shows how and why this god came to be ignored in State Shinto in the modern period. In doing so, Zhong moves away from the traditional understanding of Shinto history as something completely internal to the nation of Japan, and instead situates the formation of Shinto within a larger geopolitical context involving intellectual and political developments in the East Asian region and the role of western colonial expansion. The Origin of Modern Shinto in Japan draws extensively on primary source materials in Japan, many of which were only made available to the public less than a decade ago and have not yet been studied. Source materials analysed include shrine records and object materials, contemporary written texts, official materials from the national and provincial levels, and a broad range of visual sources based on contemporary prints, drawings, photographs and material culture.

Faith in Mount Fuji

Janine Anderson Sawada
Faith in Mount Fuji Book PDF

Author : Janine Anderson Sawada
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-31
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780824890438

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Faith in Mount Fuji by Janine Anderson Sawada Pdf

Even a fleeting glimpse of Mount Fuji’s snow-capped peak emerging from the clouds in the distance evokes the reverence it has commanded in Japan from ancient times. Long considered sacred, during the medieval era the mountain evolved from a venue for solitary ascetics into a well-regulated pilgrimage site. With the onset of the Tokugawa period, the nature of devotion to Mount Fuji underwent a dramatic change. Working people from nearby Edo (now Tokyo) began climbing the mountain in increasing numbers and worshipping its deity on their own terms, leading to a widespread network of devotional associations known as Fujikō. In Faith in Mount Fuji Janine Sawada asserts that the rise of the Fuji movement epitomizes a broad transformation in popular religion that took place in early modern Japan. Drawing on existing practices and values, artisans and merchants generated new forms of religious life outside the confines of the sectarian establishment. Sawada highlights the importance of independent thinking in these grassroots phenomena, making a compelling case that the new Fuji devotees carved out enclaves for subtle opposition to the status quo within the restrictive parameters of the Tokugawa order. The founding members effectively reinterpreted materials such as pilgrimage maps, talismans, and prayer formulae, laying the groundwork for the articulation of a set of remarkable teachings by Jikigyō Miroku (1671–1733), an oil peddler who became one of the group’s leading ascetic practitioners. His writings fostered a vision of Mount Fuji as a compassionate parental deity who mandated a new world of economic justice and fairness in social and gender relations. The book concludes with a thought-provoking assessment of Jikigyō’s suicide on the mountain as an act of commitment to world salvation that drew on established ascetic practice even as it conveyed political dissent. Faith in Mount Fuji is a pioneering work that contains a wealth of in-depth analysis and original interpretation. It will open up new avenues of discussion among students of Japanese religions and intellectual history, and supply rich food for thought to readers interested in global perspectives on issues of religion and society, ritual culture, new religions, and asceticism.

Overseas Shinto Shrines

Karli Shimizu
Overseas Shinto Shrines Book PDF

Author : Karli Shimizu
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2022-10-06
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781350235014

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Overseas Shinto Shrines by Karli Shimizu Pdf

Through extensive use of primary resources and fieldwork, this detailed study examines overseas Shinto shrines and their complex role in the colonization and modernization of newly Japanese lands and subjects. Shinto shrines became one of the most visible symbols of Japanese imperialism in the early 20th century. From 1868 to 1945, shrines were constructed by both the government and Japanese migrants across the Asia-Pacific region, from Sakhalin to Taiwan, and from China to the Americas. Drawing on theories about the constructed nature of the modern categories of 'religion' and the 'secular', this book argues that modern Shinto shrines were largely conceived and treated as secular sites within a newly invented Japanese secularism, and that they played an important role in communicating changed conceptions of space, time and ethics in imperial subjects. Providing an example of the invention of a non-Western secularity, this book contributes to our understanding of the relationship between religion, secularism and the construction of the modern state.