Representation And Behavior

Author : Fred Keijzer
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2001-02-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262263320

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Representation and Behavior by Fred Keijzer Pdf

Keijzer provides a reconstruction of cognitive science's implicit representational explanation of behavior, which he calls Agent Theory (AT), the use of mind as a subpersonal mechanism of behavior. Representation is a fundamental concept within cognitive science. Most often, representations are interpreted as mental representations, theoretical entities that are the bearers of meaning and the source of intentionality. This approach views representation as the internal reflection of external circumstances—that is, as the end station of sensory processes that translate the environmental state of affairs into a set of mental representations. Fred Keijzer stresses, however, that representations are also the starting point for a set of processes that lead back to the external environment. They are used as theoretical components within an explanation of a person's outwardly visible behavior. In this book Keijzer investigates the usefulness of representation for behavioral explanation, irrespective of mental issues. Viewing representation solely in terms of its contribution to explaining behavior allows him to build a serious case for a nonrepresentational approach and to evaluate representation's role in cognitive science. Keijzer provides a reconstruction of cognitive science's implicit representational explanation of behavior, which he calls Agent Theory (AT). AT is the use of mind as a subpersonal mechanism of behavior. He proposes an alternative to AT called Behavioral Systems Theory (BST), which explains behavior as the result of interactions between an organism and its environment. Keijzer compares BST to related work in the biology of cognition, in the building of animal-like robots, and in dynamical systems theory. Most important, he extends BST to the difficult issue of anticipatory behavior through an analogy between behavior and morphogenesis, the process by which a multicellular body develops.

Author : Jerry Bobrow
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781483299150

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Representation and Understanding by Jerry Bobrow Pdf

Representation and Understanding

Author : Lynn S. Liben,Arthur H. Patterson,Nora Newcombe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : UOM:39015002287509

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Spatial Representation and Behavior Across the Life Span by Lynn S. Liben,Arthur H. Patterson,Nora Newcombe Pdf

Author : William M. Ramsey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2007-06-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521859875

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Representation Reconsidered by William M. Ramsey Pdf

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Author : Joulia Smortchkova,Krzysztof Dołrega,Tobias Schlicht
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190686673

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What are Mental Representations? by Joulia Smortchkova,Krzysztof Dołrega,Tobias Schlicht Pdf

The topic of this book is mental representation, a theoretical concept that lies at the core of cognitive science. Together with the idea that thinking is analogous to computational processing, this concept is responsible for the "cognitive turn" in the sciences of the mind and brain since the 1950s. Conceiving of cognitive processes (such as perception, reasoning, and motor control) as consisting of the manipulation of contentful vehicles that represent the world has led to tremendous empirical advancements in our explanations of behaviour. Perhaps the most famous discovery that explains behavior by appealing to the notion of mental representations was the discovery of 'place' cells that underlie spatial navigation and positioning, which earned researchers John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard I. Moser a joint Nobel Prize in 2014. And yet, despite the empirical importance of the concept, there is no agreed definition or theoretical understanding of mental representation. This book constitutes a state-of-the-art overview on the topic of mental representation, assembling some of the leading experts in the field and allowing them to engage in meaningful exchanges over some of the most contentious questions. The collection gathers both proponents and critics of the notion, making room for debates dealing with the theoretical and ontological status of representations, the possibility of formulating a general account of mental representation which would fit our best explanatory practices, and the possibility of delivering such an account in fully naturalistic terms. Some contributors explore the relation between mutually incompatible notions of mental representation, stemming from the different disciplines composing the cognitive sciences (such as neuroscience, psychology, and computer science). Others question the ontological status and explanatory usefulness of the notion. And finally, some try to sketch a general theory of mental representations that could face the challenges outlined in the more critical chapters of the volume.

Author : Laura Namy
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781351547352

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Symbol Use and Symbolic Representation by Laura Namy Pdf

Symbol Use and Symbolic Representation: Developmental and Comparative Perspectives is the proceedings of a workshop held at Emory University in 2002 to discuss the difficult and age-old issue of what makes a symbol symbolic. The issue shifts towards exploring the relation between apparent symbolic behavior and actual symbolic insight on the part of the user or recipient. The workshop discussed the pitfalls of inferring symbolic understanding from apparently symbolic behaviors and possible criteria that would enable us to ascertain when a symbol is being employed in an intentional, communicative, representational manner. Broken down into three parts, this volume: *focuses on the factors that influence the emergence of symbolic behavior in young, typically developing children; *turns to an examination of individual and population differences in symbolic development and the ways variability in symbol use can inform the cognitive mechanisms underlying symbolic insight; and *explores symbolic understanding in non-human animals. The text ends with a synthesis of recurring themes, questions, concerns, and conclusions, and offers a new perspective on the process of understanding the relation between symbol use and symbolic insight.

Author : J.F. Rosenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401023016

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Linguistic Representation by J.F. Rosenberg Pdf

This book is nominally about linguistic representation. But, since it is we who do the representing, it is also about us. And, since it is the universe which we represent, it is also about the universe. In the end, then, this book is about everything, which, since it is a philosophy book, is as it should be. I recognize that it is nowadays unfashionable to write books about every thing. Philosophers of language, it will be said, ought to stick to writing about language; philosophers of science, to writing about science; epis temologists, to writing about knowing; and so on. The real world, however, perversely refuses to carve itself up so neatly, and, although I recognize that the real w,orld is nowadays also unfashionable, in the end I judged that one might get closer to the truth of various matters by going along with it. So I have done so. lt was Wilfrid Sellars who initially convinced me of the virtues of this way of proceeding. At this point one normally says something like "The debt that this book owes him is immense". I would say it too, were it not to understate the case, From Wilfrid, I learned to think about things. If the upshot of my thinking tends, as it obviously does, to show a general con silience with the upshot of his, it is primarily because he is so very good at it - and he had a head start.

Author : Alexander Riegler,Markus Peschl,Astrid von Stein
Publisher : Springer
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2007-08-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780585296050

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Understanding Representation in the Cognitive Sciences by Alexander Riegler,Markus Peschl,Astrid von Stein Pdf

urrently a paradigm shift is occurring in for the conventional understanding of represen- which the traditional view of the brain as tions. The paper also summarizes the rationale for C representing the "things of the world" is the selection of contributions to this volume, which challenged in several respects. The present volume will roughly proceed from relatively "realist" c- is placed at the edge of this transition. Based on the ceptions of representation to more "constructivist" 1997 conference "New Trends in Cognitive Sci- interpretations. The final chapter of discussions, ence" in Vienna, Austria, it tries to collect and in- taped during and at the end of the conference, p- grate evidence from various disciplines such as p- vides the reader with the possibility to reflect upon losophy of science, neuroscience, computational the different approaches and thus contributes to b- approaches, psychology, semiotics, evolutionary ter and more integrative understanding of their biology, social psychology etc. , to foster a new thoughts and ideas. understanding of representation. The subjective experience of an outside world This book has a truly interdisciplinary character. It seems to suggest a mapping process where environ- is presented in a form that is readily accessible to mental entities are projected into our mind via some professionals and students alike across the cognitive kind of transmission. While a profound critique of sciences such as neuroscience, computer science, this idea is nearly as old as philosophy, it has gained philosophy, psychology, and sociology.

Author : Guy W. Mineau,Bernard Moulin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1993-07-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3540569790

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Conceptual Graphs for Knowledge Representation by Guy W. Mineau,Bernard Moulin Pdf

Artificial Intelligence and cognitive science are the two fields devoted to the study and development of knowledge-based systems (KBS). Over the past 25years, researchers have proposed several approaches for modeling knowledge in KBS, including several kinds of formalism such as semantic networks, frames, and logics. In the early 1980s, J.F. Sowa introduced the conceptual graph (CG) theory which provides a knowledge representation framework consisting of a form of logic with a graph notationand integrating several features from semantic net and frame representations. Since that time, several research teams over the world have been working on the application and extension of CG theory in various domains ranging from natural language processing to database modeling and machine learning. This volume contains selected papers fromthe international conference on Conceptual Structures held in the city of Quebec, Canada, August 4-7, 1993. The volume opens with invited papers by J.F. Sowa, B.R. Gaines, and J. Barwise.

Author : Hanna F. Pitkin
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0520021568

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The Concept of Representation by Hanna F. Pitkin Pdf

This book arises out of Hannah Pitkin's doctoral dissertation and is considered by political scientists to be the gold standard in terms of a philosophical treatment of the subject. Pitkin covers the historical evolution of thinking about representation from the Greeks through the founding of the American republic highlighting diverse thinkers and politicians like Edmund Burke, Jeremy Bentham, and James Madison as well as more contemporary scholars like Robert Dahl and Charles Lindblom.

Author : Charles O. Nussbaum
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Emotions in music
ISBN : 9780262140966

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The Musical Representation by Charles O. Nussbaum Pdf

How human musical experience emerges from the audition of organized tones is a riddle of long standing. In The Musical Representation, Charles Nussbaum offers a philosophical naturalist's solution. Nussbaum founds his naturalistic theory of musical representation on the collusion between the physics of sound and the organization of the human mind-brain. He argues that important varieties of experience afforded by Western tonal art music since 1650 arise through the feeling of tone, the sense of movement in musical space, cognition, emotional arousal, and the engagement, by way of specific emotional responses, of deeply rooted human ideals. Construing the art music of the modern West as representational, as a symbolic system that carries extramusical content, Nussbaum attempts to make normative principles of musical representation explicit and bring them into reflective equilibrium with the intuitions of competent listeners. Nussbaum identifies three modes of musical representation, describes the basis of extramusical meaning, and analyzes musical works as created historical entities (performances of which are tokens or replicas). In addition, he explains how music gives rise to emotions and evokes states of mind that are religious in character. Nussbaum's argument proceeds from biology, psychology, and philosophy to music--and occasionally from music back to biology, psychology, and philosophy. The human mind-brain, writes Nussbaum, is a living record of its evolutionary history; relatively recent cognitive acquisitions derive from older representational functions of which we are hardly aware. Consideration of musical art can help bring to light the more ancient cognitive functions that underlie modern human cognition. The biology, psychology, and philosophy of musical representation, he argues, have something to tell us about what we are, based on what we have been.

Author : J.A. Skelton,Robert T. Croyle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781461390749

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Mental Representation in Health and Illness by J.A. Skelton,Robert T. Croyle Pdf

How do individuals conceive illness and symptoms? Do their conceptions conflict with the physician's views of their illness, and what happens if they do? This book thoroughly explores the field of disease representation, describes and discusses lay illness models in a variety of social, histo- rical and cultural contexts.

Author : National Research Council,National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Modeling Human Behavior and Command Decision Making: Representations for Military Simulations,Board on Human-Systems Integration
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : NAP:16137

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Representing Human Behavior in Military Simulations by National Research Council,National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Modeling Human Behavior and Command Decision Making: Representations for Military Simulations,Board on Human-Systems Integration Pdf

Author : Eugene Fink
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3790815233

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Changes of Problem Representation by Eugene Fink Pdf

The performance of all reasoning systems crucially depends on problem representation: the same problem may be easy or difficult, depending on the way we describe it. Researchers in psychology and artificial intelligence have accumulated much evidence on the importance of appropriate representations for both human and artificial intelligence systems. The book proposes techniques for automatic improvement of problem representation, which are based on integration of multiple learning and problem-solving algorithms. It gives theoretical foundations of the proposed techniques, describes their implementation, and discusses empirical evidence of their utility.

Author : John S. Auerbach,Kenneth N. Levy,Carrie E. Schaffer
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2005-07-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135451943

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Relatedness, Self-Definition and Mental Representation by John S. Auerbach,Kenneth N. Levy,Carrie E. Schaffer Pdf

there are very few books on the market that take the position that psychoanalysis and empirical research can be combined and that provide examples of empirical research in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic theory all of the editors are published academics in the areas covered by the book. Furthermore, each of them has worked extensively with Sid Blatt.