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Author : Chunlan Li
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9783031544934
Author : Zengyu Hu,Yanfang Sang,Qiming Zhou,Zheng Duan
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832544334
Climate change has been attracting extensive attention worldwide due to its significant and irreversible impacts on the human living environments including hydrometeorological disasters, freshwater availability, land use and land change, urbanization, food production, disease outbreaks, and many other aspects. It has caused huge socio-economic losses, and is the utmost obstacle to the sustainable development of human society. Therefore, addressing the above problems is an urgent and necessary issue to explore the impacts of climate change on different aspects of the human living environment, as an important basis to adopt effective adaptive measures and actions for mitigation of climate change impacts.
Author : Zehao Shen,George P. Malanson,Jinlong Zhang,Meng Yao
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889710805
Author : Christopher B. Field,Vicente Barros,Thomas F. Stocker,Qin Dahe
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107380103
This Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report (IPCC-SREX) explores the challenge of understanding and managing the risks of climate extremes to advance climate change adaptation. Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. Changes in the frequency and severity of the physical events affect disaster risk, but so do the spatially diverse and temporally dynamic patterns of exposure and vulnerability. Some types of extreme weather and climate events have increased in frequency or magnitude, but populations and assets at risk have also increased, with consequences for disaster risk. Opportunities for managing risks of weather- and climate-related disasters exist or can be developed at any scale, local to international. Prepared following strict IPCC procedures, SREX is an invaluable assessment for anyone interested in climate extremes, environmental disasters and adaptation to climate change, including policymakers, the private sector and academic researchers.
Author : Xingcai Liu,Pedram Attarod,Zhe Li
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889665945
Author : Zhongqing Yan,Kerou Zhang,Yunpeng Luo,Xiaodong Zhang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2023-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832537657
Wetlands and grassland are important components of natural ecosystems, which have rich values in maintaining ecological balance, regional economy and human development. Wetlands can provide freshwater resources and food sources for human beings, purify the water environment and mitigate climate change. The grassland ecosystem has such ecological functions as windbreak, sand fixation, soil preservation, climate regulation, air purification, water conservation and so on, which are closely related to human survival and well-being. In recent years, climate change and human activities have caused a profound impact on the structure and function of wetland and grassland ecosystems, and the problems of decline in size and function have attracted extensive attention from researchers globally. However, there are still many uncertainties about the variety of wetland and grassland ecosystem composition, structure and dynamics, as well as how they respond and adapt to climate change and human activities.
Author : A Report for the World Bank by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and Analytics.
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-19
Category : Climatic changes
ISBN : 9781464800559
This report focuses on the risks of climate change to development in Sub-Saharan Africa, South East Asia and South Asia. Building on the 2012 report, Turn Down the Heat: Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided, this new scientific analysis examines the likely impacts of present day, 2°C and 4°C warming on agricultural production, water resources, and coastal vulnerability. It finds many significant climate and development impacts are already being felt in some regions, and that as warming increases from present day (0.8°C) to 2°C and 4°C, multiple threats of increasing extreme heat waves, sea-level rise, more severe storms, droughts and floods are expected to have further severe negative implications for the poorest and most vulnerable. The report finds that agricultural yields will be affected across the three regions, with repercussions for food security, economic growth, and poverty reduction. In addition, urban areas have been identified as new clusters of vulnerability with urban dwellers, particularly the urban poor, facing significant vulnerability to climate change. In Sub-Saharan Africa, under 3°C global warming, savannas are projected to decrease from their current levels to approximately one-seventh of total land area and threaten pastoral livelihoods. Under 4°C warming, total hyper-arid and arid areas are projected to expand by 10 percent. In South East Asia, under 2°C warming, heat extremes that are virtually absent today would cover nearly 60-70 percent of total land area in northern-hemisphere summer, adversely impacting ecosystems. Under 4°C warming, rural populations would face mounting pressures from sea-level rise, increased tropical cyclone intensity, storm surges, saltwater intrusions, and loss of marine ecosystem services. In South Asia, the potential sudden onset of disturbances to the monsoon system and rising peak temperatures would put water and food resources at severe risk. Well before 2°C warming occurs, substantial reductions in the frequency of low snow years is projected to cause substantial reductions in dry season flow, threatening agriculture. Many of the worst climate impacts could still be avoided by holding warming below 2°C, but the window for action is closing rapidly. Urgent action is also needed to build resilience to a rapidly warming world that will pose significant risks to agriculture, water resources, coastal infrastructure, and human health.
Author : Xiaodong Wu,Cuicui Mu,Wenxin Zhang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832507568
Author : Pavan Kumar,Manoj Kumar,Ram Kumar Singh,Meenu Rani,Yonghao Xu
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832540275
Author : Qingxiang Li,Boyin Huang,Xiaolan L. Wang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2022-11-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832504178
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee to Review the U.S. Climate Change Science Program's Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.3
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2007-07-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309110044
This National Research Council (NRC) report reviews a draft of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program (CCSP) Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.3, Weather and Climate Extremes in a Changing Climate, the 3rd in a series of 21 CCSP products addressing important topics related to climate change. The NRC report finds that the draft provides a good and thorough assessment of the important issues regarding extreme events over North America and how they may change in the context of a changing climate. The continuity and cohesion among the chapters could be improved by greater coordination among the chapter authorship teams, who should also ensure that the tone and scope of the chapters are consistent with the document's Abstract and Executive Summary. The authors should strive to consolidate the sections on tropical cyclones; however, the discussion of drought and ecological impacts could be expanded. Overall, the committee finds that the scope, content, and scientific rigor of the current draft provide a solid basis for the final version of Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.3.
Author : Zhouyuan Li,Weiwei Sun,Yanjie Xu,Jixi Gao,Shijia Peng
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2024-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832544259
Different dimensions of biodiversity are increasingly appreciated as critical for maintaining the functions of ecosystems and their services to humans. More recently, with the emergence of functional biogeography, functional diversity is of particular interest due to its strong links with ecosystem processes such as carbon, water and energy exchange, and climate mitigation. The multi-form diversity varies in space and time. Understanding this variation across scales is important for tracking the resilience of Earth’s ecosystem, and the information on the ecosystem structural features provides necessary foundations for monitoring, predicting the ecosystem functioning patterns and process of ecosystems from individual unit to its whole in a holistic manner. In recent, the high-resolution, high-throughput, non-intrusive, and large-scale data on biodiversity monitoring and measurement are becoming a new trend toward enhancing the efficiency and coherency in ecological discovery. Still, the available multi-scale data on multi-dimensional diversity are incomplete and non-representative taxonomically, geographically and temporally. Although the studies on functional traits and their relations with function continue to grow, local observations on functional traits are limited. Recently, remote sensing has proved to be a critical technology for addressing this research gap. Air- and satellite-borne spectrometers at different levels could develop novel diversity measurements and alternati
Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-05-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107025066
Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.
Author : Jingfeng Xiao,Ge Sun, Lu Hao,Gang Dong,Zhiqiang Zhang
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2019-10-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783039214471
Afforestation/reforestation (or forestation) has been implemented worldwide as an effective measure towards sustainable ecosystem services and addresses global environmental problems such as climate change. The conversion of grasslands, croplands, shrublands, or bare lands to forests can dramatically alter forest water, energy, and carbon cycles and, thus, ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration, soil erosion control, and water quality improvement). Large-scale afforestation/reforestation is typically driven by policies and, in turn, can also have substantial socioeconomic impacts. To enable success, forestation endeavors require novel approaches that involve a series of complex processes and interdisciplinary sciences. For example, exotic or fast-growing tree species are often used to improve soil conditions of degraded lands or maximize productivity, and it often takes a long time to understand and quantify the consequences of such practices at watershed or regional scales. Maintaining the sustainability of man-made forests is becoming increasingly challenging under a changing environment and disturbance regime changes such as wildland fires, urbanization, drought, air pollution, climate change, and socioeconomic change. Therefore, this Special Issue focuses on case studies of the drivers, dynamics, and impacts of afforestation/reforestation at regional, national, or global scales. These new studies provide an update on the scientific advances related to forestation. This information is urgently needed by land managers and policy makers to better manage forest resources in today’s rapidly changing environments.
Author : S.-Y. Simon Wang,Jin-Ho Yoon,Christopher C. Funk,Robert R. Gillies
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119067849
Although we are seeing more weather and climate extremes, individual extreme events are very diverse and generalization of trends is difficult. For example, mid-latitude and subtropical climate extremes such as heat waves, hurricanes and droughts have increased, and could have been caused by processes including arctic amplification, jet stream meandering, and tropical expansion. This volume documents various climate extreme events and associated changes that have been analyzed through diagnostics, modeling, and statistical approaches. The identification of patterns and mechanisms can aid the prediction of future extreme events. Volume highlights include: Compilation of processes and mechanisms unique to individual weather and climate extreme events Discussion of climate model performance in terms of simulating high-impact weather and climate extremes Summary of various existing theories, including controversial ones, on how climate extremes will continue to become stronger and more frequent Climate Extremes: Patterns and Mechanisms is a valuable resource for scientists and graduate students in the fields of geophysics, climate physics, natural hazards, and environmental science. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/how-does-changing-climate-bring-more-extreme-events
