Resilience And The Behavior Of Large Scale Systems

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Resilience and the Behavior of Large-Scale Systems

Lance H. Gunderson,Lowell Pritchard
Resilience and the Behavior of Large Scale Systems Book PDF

Author : Lance H. Gunderson,Lowell Pritchard
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-06-22
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781610913133

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Resilience and the Behavior of Large-Scale Systems by Lance H. Gunderson,Lowell Pritchard Pdf

Scientists and researchers concerned with the behavior of large ecosystems have focused in recent years on the concept of "resilience." Traditional perspectives held that ecological systems exist close to a steady state and resilience is the ability of the system to return rapidly to that state following perturbation. However beginning with the work of C. S. Holling in the early 1970s, researchers began to look at conditions far from the steady state where instabilities can cause a system to shift into an entirely different regime of behavior, and where resilience is measured by the magnitude of disturbance that can be absorbed before the system is restructured. Resilience and the Behavior of Large-Scale Systems examines theories of resilience and change, offering readers a thorough understanding of how the properties of ecological resilience and human adaptability interact in complex, regional-scale systems. The book addresses the theoretical concepts of resilience and stability in large-scale ecosystems as well as the empirical application of those concepts in a diverse set of cases. In addition, it discusses the practical implications of the new theoretical approaches and their role in the sustainability of human-modified ecosystems. The book begins with a review of key properties of complex adaptive systems that contribute to overall resilience, including multiple equlibria, complexity, self-organization at multiple scales, and order; it also presents a set of mathematical metaphors to describe and deepen the reader's understanding of the ideas being discussed. Following the introduction are case studies that explore the biophysical dimensions of resilience in both terrestrial and aquatic systems and evaluate the propositions presented in the introductory chapters. The book concludes with a synthesis section that revisits propositions in light of the case studies, while an appendix presents a detailed account of the relationship between return times for a disturbed system and its resilienc. In addition to the editors, contributors include Stephen R. Carpenter, Carl Folke, C. S. Holling, Bengt-Owe Jansson, Donald Ludwig, Ariel Lugo, Tim R. McClanahan, Garry D. Peterson, and Brian H. Walker.

Sustainable and Resilient Critical Infrastructure Systems

Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan,Srinivas Peeta
Sustainable and Resilient Critical Infrastructure Systems Book PDF

Author : Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan,Srinivas Peeta
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2010-04-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642114052

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Sustainable and Resilient Critical Infrastructure Systems by Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan,Srinivas Peeta Pdf

Sustainable and resilient critical infrastructure systems is an emerging paradigm in an evolving era of depleting assets in the midst of natural and man-made threats to provide a sustainable and high quality of life with optimized resources from social, economic, societal and environmental considerations. The increasing complexity and interconnectedness of civil and other interdependent infrastructure systems (electric power, energy, cyber-infrastructures, etc.) require inter- and multidisciplinary expertise required to engineer, monitor, and sustain these distributed large-scale complex adaptive infrastructure systems. This edited book is motivated by recent advances in simulation, modeling, sensing, communications/information, and intelligent and sustainable technologies that have resulted in the development of sophisticated methodologies and instruments to design, characterize, optimize, and evaluate critical infrastructure systems, their resilience, and their condition and the factors that cause their deterioration. Specific topics discussed in this book include, but are not limited to: optimal infrastructure investment allocation for sustainability, framework for manifestation of tacit critical infrastructure knowledge, interdependencies between energy and transportation systems for national long term planning, intelligent transportation infrastructure technologies, emergent research issues in infrastructure interdependence research, framework for assessing the resilience of infrastructure and economic systems, maintenance optimization for heterogeneous infrastructure systems, optimal emergency infrastructure inspection scheduling, and sustainable rehabilitation of deteriorated transportation infrastructure systems.

Urban Resilience for Emergency Response and Recovery

Gian Paolo Cimellaro
Urban Resilience for Emergency Response and Recovery Book PDF

Author : Gian Paolo Cimellaro
Publisher : Springer
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319306568

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Urban Resilience for Emergency Response and Recovery by Gian Paolo Cimellaro Pdf

This book introduces the concepts of Resilience-Based Design (RBD) as an extension of Performance-Based Design. It provides readers with a range of cutting-edge methodologies for evaluating resilience and clarifies the difference between resilience, vulnerability and sustainability. Initially, the book focuses on describing the different types of uncertainty that arise in the context of resilience evaluation. This is followed by an entire chapter dedicated to the analytical and experimental recovery functions. Then, starting from the definition of resilience provided by MCEER, an extension of the methodology is provided that introduces the seven dimensions of Community Resilience, summarized in the acronym PEOPLES. They are: Population and Demographics, Environmental/Ecosystem, Organized Governmental Services, Physical infrastructures, Lifestyle and Community Competence, Economic Development, and Socio-Cultural Capital. For each dimension, components and subcomponents are defined and the related indices are provided. Underlining the importance of the physical infrastructure dimension, the book provides several examples of applications for transportation, hydraulic, gas and power networks. The problem of interdependencies and the domino effect is also taken into account during the analysis. One of the book’s closing chapters focuses on different methodologies for improving disaster preparedness and engineering mitigation strategies, while the last chapter describes the different computer platforms available on the market for evaluating Community Resilience. The book offers readers an extensive introduction to the concept of Resilience-Based Design, together with selected advanced applications for specialists. No prerequisite knowledge is needed in order to understand the book, and the Appendix offers valuable supplemental information on e.g. the probabilistic concepts. As such, the book offers a valuable resource for graduate students, young engineers and researchers who are interested in the topic, and can also be used as a supplementary text in graduate level Disaster Resilience courses.

The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management

Mary Jane Angelo
The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management Book PDF

Author : Mary Jane Angelo
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317026174

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The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management by Mary Jane Angelo Pdf

Although concerns over the ecological impacts of pesticides gave rise to the environmental movement of the late 1960s and 1970s, since that time, pesticide use and its effects have been largely ignored by the law and by legal scholars. This book addresses this omission by providing a unique and serious treatment of the significance of pesticide issues in environmental law and takes an ecological perspective on the legal issues. Dealing with a wide range of questions relating to pests and pesticides, the book focuses primarily on agricultural pesticide use as the largest contaminator in the US. It also examines the legacy of past pesticide use and analyzes how recent developments in ecological science can inform the law and increase our understanding of ecology. Interdisciplinary in its approach, the book will be of interest to academics, lawyers, scientists and environmental and agricultural professionals.

Complex Evolutionary Dynamics in Urban-Regional and Ecologic-Economic Systems

J. Barkley Rosser
Complex Evolutionary Dynamics in Urban Regional and Ecologic Economic Systems Book PDF

Author : J. Barkley Rosser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-06-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781441988287

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Complex Evolutionary Dynamics in Urban-Regional and Ecologic-Economic Systems by J. Barkley Rosser Pdf

Drawing on the middle chapters from the first edition of J. Barkley Rosser's seminal work, From Catastrophe to Chaos, this book presents an unusual perspective on economics and economic analysis. Current economic theory largely depends upon assuming that the world is fundamentally continuous. However, an increasing amount of economic research has been done using approaches that allow for discontinuities such as catastrophe theory, chaos theory, synergetics, and fractal geometry. The spread of such approaches across a variety of disciplines of thought has constituted a virtual intellectual revolution in recent years. This book reviews the applications of these approaches in various subdisciplines of economics and draws upon past economic thinkers to develop an integrated view of economics as a whole from the perspective of inherent discontinuity.

Critical Infrastructure System Security and Resiliency

Betty Biringer,Eric Vugrin,Drake Warren
Critical Infrastructure System Security and Resiliency Book PDF

Author : Betty Biringer,Eric Vugrin,Drake Warren
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781466557505

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Critical Infrastructure System Security and Resiliency by Betty Biringer,Eric Vugrin,Drake Warren Pdf

Security protections for critical infrastructure nodes are intended to minimize the risks resulting from an initiating event, whether it is an intentional malevolent act or a natural hazard. With an emphasis on protecting an infrastructure's ability to perform its mission or function, Critical Infrastructure System Security and Resiliency presents a practical methodology for developing an effective protection system that can either prevent undesired events or mitigate the consequences of such events. Developed at Sandia National Labs, the authors’ analytical approach and methodology enables decision-makers and security experts to perform and utilize risk assessments in a manner that extends beyond the theoretical to practical application. These protocols leverage expertise in modeling dependencies—optimizing system resiliency for effective physical protection system design and consequence mitigation. The book begins by focusing on the design of protection strategies to enhance the robustness of the infrastructure components. The authors present risk assessment tools and necessary metrics to offer guidance to decision-makers in applying sometimes limited resources to reduce risk and ensure operational resiliency. Our critical infrastructure is vast and made up of many component parts. In many cases, it may not be practical or affordable to secure every infrastructure node. For years, experts—as a part of the risk assessment process—have tried to better identify and distinguish higher from lower risks through risk segmentation. In the second section of the book, the authors present examples to distinguish between high and low risks and corresponding protection measures. In some cases, protection measures do not prevent undesired events from occurring. In others, protection of all infrastructure components is not feasible. As such, this section describes how to evaluate and design resilience in these unique scenarios to manage costs while most effectively ensuring infrastructure system protection. With insight from the authors’ decades of experience, this book provides a high-level, practical analytical framework that public and private sector owners and operators of critical infrastructure can use to better understand and evaluate infrastructure security strategies and policies. Strengthening the entire homeland security enterprise, the book presents a significant contribution to the science of critical infrastructure protection and resilience.

Discontinuities in Ecosystems and Other Complex Systems

Craig R. Allen,C. S. Holling
Discontinuities in Ecosystems and Other Complex Systems Book PDF

Author : Craig R. Allen,C. S. Holling
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2008-08-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780231144445

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Discontinuities in Ecosystems and Other Complex Systems by Craig R. Allen,C. S. Holling Pdf

Following the publication of C. S. Holling's seminal work on the relationship between animal body mass patterns and scale-specific landscape structure, ecologists began to explore the theoretical and applied consequences of discontinuities in ecosystems and other complex systems. Are ecosystems and their components continuously distributed and do they adhere to scaling laws, or are they discontinuous and more complex than early models would have us believe? The resulting propositions over the structure of complex systems sparked an ongoing debate regarding the mechanisms generating discontinuities and the statistical methods used for their detection. This volume takes the view that ecosystems and other complex systems are inherently discontinuous and that such fields as ecology, economics, and urban studies greatly benefit from this paradigm shift. Contributors present evidence of the ubiquity of discontinuous distributions in ecological and social systems and how their analysis provides insight into complex phenomena. The book is divided into three sections. The first focuses on background material and contrasting views concerning the discontinuous organization of complex systems. The second discusses discontinuous patterns detected in a number of different systems and methods for detecting them, and the third touches on the potential significance of discontinuities in complex systems. Science is still dominated by a focus on power laws, but the contributors to this volume are convinced power laws often mask the interesting dynamics of systems and that those dynamics are best revealed by investigating deviations from assumed power law distributions. In 2008, a grand conference on resilience was held in Stockholm, hosting 600 participants from around the world. There are now three big centers established with resilience, the most recent one being the Stockholm Resilience Center, with others in Australia (an international coral reef center), Arizona State University's new sustainability center focusing on anthropology, and Canada's emerging social sciences and resilience center. Activity continues to flourish in Alaska, South Africa, and the Untied Kingdom, and a new center is forming in Uruguay.

A Framework of Human Systems Engineering

Holly A. H. Handley,Andreas Tolk
A Framework of Human Systems Engineering Book PDF

Author : Holly A. H. Handley,Andreas Tolk
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119698777

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A Framework of Human Systems Engineering by Holly A. H. Handley,Andreas Tolk Pdf

Explores the breadth and versatility of Human Systems Engineering (HSE) practices and illustrates its value in system development A Framework of Human Systems Engineering: Applications and Case Studies offers a guide to identifying and improving methods to integrate human concerns into the conceptualization and design of systems. With contributions from a panel of noted experts on the topic, the book presents a series of Human Systems Engineering (HSE) applications on a wide range of topics: interface design, training requirements, personnel capabilities and limitations, and human task allocation. Each of the book's chapters present a case study of the application of HSE from different dimensions of socio-technical systems. The examples are organized using a socio-technical system framework to reference the applications across multiple system types and domains. These case studies are based in real-world examples and highlight the value of applying HSE to the broader engineering community. This important book: Includes a proven framework with case studies to different dimensions of practice, including domain, system type, and system maturity Contains the needed tools and methods in order to integrate human concerns within systems Encourages the use of Human Systems Engineering throughout the design process Provides examples that cross traditional system engineering sectors and identifies a diverse set of human engineering practices Written for systems engineers, human factors engineers, and HSI practitioners, A Framework of Human Systems Engineering: Applications and Case Studies provides the information needed for the better integration of human and systems and early resolution of issues based on human constraints and limitations.

Greening the Economy

Robert B. Williams
Greening the Economy Book PDF

Author : Robert B. Williams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2010-09-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136962400

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Greening the Economy by Robert B. Williams Pdf

Professor Bob Williams examines the essential elements that give ecosystems their durability. These key characteristics are: self-regulating cycles of key materials, a plentiful and durable energy source, an ability to adjust to changing circumstances, and the capacity for resiliency in the face of unpredictable disruptions. In separate chapters, each of these natural attributes are applied to our economy and 20 polices are recommended to shift our economy toward each of these objectives. The policies include marketable waste emission permits, a "carbon" tax, split-rate property taxation, environmental assurance bonds, a revamped home mortgage deduction, and an inheritance tax. These policies function to implement the principle of full-cost pricing in order to ensure market incentives that encourage environmentally temperate behaviour and decisions. This book will be of interest to students of Ecology and Economics, at undergraduate and postgraduate level alike, as well as anyone seeking an understanding of key ecological concepts that are critical to fully appreciating the role of natural capital in our economic affairs

Turning to the Heavens and the Earth

Julia Brumbaugh,Natalia Imperatori-Lee
Turning to the Heavens and the Earth Book PDF

Author : Julia Brumbaugh,Natalia Imperatori-Lee
Publisher : Liturgical Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-05-16
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780814687604

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Turning to the Heavens and the Earth by Julia Brumbaugh,Natalia Imperatori-Lee Pdf

The Earth needs our attention—the best of our intellectual, ethical, and spiritual wisdom and action. In this collection, written in honor of Elizabeth A. Johnson, scholars from the United States and around the world contribute their insights on how theology today can and must turn to the world in new ways in light of contemporary science and our ecological crisis. The essays in this collection advance theological visions for the human task of healing our destructive relationship with the earth and envision hope for our planet’s future. Contributors: Kevin Glauber Ahern, Erin Lothes Biviano, Lisa Sowle Cahill, Colleen Mary Carpenter, David Cloutier, Kathy Coffey, Carol J. Dempsey, OP, Denis Edwards, William French, Ivone Gebara, John F. Haught, Mary Catherine Hilkert, OP, Sallie McFague, Eric Daryl Meyer, Richard W. Miller, Jürgen Moltmann, Jeannette Rodriguez, Michele Saracino

Institutions and Sustainability

Volker Beckmann,Martina Padmanabhan
Institutions and Sustainability Book PDF

Author : Volker Beckmann,Martina Padmanabhan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2009-02-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781402096907

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Institutions and Sustainability by Volker Beckmann,Martina Padmanabhan Pdf

From the first vague idea to use Konrad Hagedorn’s 60th birthday as an inspi- tion for taking stock of his vibrant academic contributions, this joint book project has been a great pleasure for us in many ways. Pursuing Hagedorn’s intellectual development, we have tried to reflect on the core questions of humanity according to Ernst Bloch “Who are we?”, “Where do we come from?” and “Where are we heading?” In this way, and without knowing it, Konrad Hagedorn initiated a c- lective action process he would have very much enjoyed ... if he had been allowed to take part in it. But it was our aim and constant motivation to surprise him with this collection of essays in his honour. Konrad Hagedorn was reared as the youngest child of a peasant family on a small farm in the remote moorland of East Frisia, Germany. During his childhood in the poverty-ridden years after the Second World War, he faced a life where humans were heavily dependent on using nature around them for their livelihoods; meanwhile, he learned about the fragility of the environment. As a boy, he - tended a one-room schoolhouse, where his great intellectual talents were first r- ognised and used for co-teaching his schoolmates. These early teaching expe- ences might have laid the foundations for his later becoming a dedicated lecturer and mentor.

Geospatial Technologies and Climate Change

Janardhanan Sundaresan,K M Santosh,Andrea Déri,Rob Roggema,Ramesh Singh
Geospatial Technologies and Climate Change Book PDF

Author : Janardhanan Sundaresan,K M Santosh,Andrea Déri,Rob Roggema,Ramesh Singh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319016894

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Geospatial Technologies and Climate Change by Janardhanan Sundaresan,K M Santosh,Andrea Déri,Rob Roggema,Ramesh Singh Pdf

Geospatial Technologies and Climate Change describes various approaches from different countries on how to use geospatial technologies to help solving climate change issues. It also details how different geospatial technologies (remote sensing, Geographical Information System...) can be used to help with climate monitoring and modeling, how to work with them and what to be careful about. This book is written by scientific experts from four different continents. Written in a comprehensive and complete way, this book is essential reading material for graduate and undergraduate students interested in these techniques and in climate change.

Resilience Engineering

Nii O. Attoh-Okine
Resilience Engineering Book PDF

Author : Nii O. Attoh-Okine
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-04
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780521193498

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Resilience Engineering by Nii O. Attoh-Okine Pdf

Along with case studies, this book presents a step-by-step approach to formulating the resilience of civil infrastructure and energy systems.

Science and Policy in Natural Resource Management

Helen E. Allison,Richard J. Hobbs
Science and Policy in Natural Resource Management Book PDF

Author : Helen E. Allison,Richard J. Hobbs
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2006-08-31
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781139458603

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Science and Policy in Natural Resource Management by Helen E. Allison,Richard J. Hobbs Pdf

This book was first published in 2006. Despite many well-intentioned policies and changes to management practices, the world's natural resources continue to decline. The roles and interplay between science and policy in the regional broadacre agriculture landscape are examined here, offering readers a thorough understanding of the complex interactions that occur across spatial scales to produce the regional-scale impacts. The fundamental causes of resource degradation, social decline and environmental pollution are addressed, examining the cross-scale drivers from the individual farm level to the global level of commodity systems. Broadacre agriculture is a common land use throughout all continents of the world and is driven by the same type of dynamics, and this case study of the Western Australia agricultural region can be used to clearly demonstrate the principles for other agricultural systems. Aimed at academics, ranging from researchers through to policy analysts, this book will inspire innovation and action in sustainable natural resource management.

Adaptive Management of Social-Ecological Systems

Craig R. Allen,Ahjond S. Garmestani
Adaptive Management of Social Ecological Systems Book PDF

Author : Craig R. Allen,Ahjond S. Garmestani
Publisher : Springer
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-04-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401796828

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Adaptive Management of Social-Ecological Systems by Craig R. Allen,Ahjond S. Garmestani Pdf

Adaptive management is an approach to managing social-ecological systems that fosters learning about the systems being managed and remains at the forefront of environmental management nearly 40 years after its original conception. Adaptive management persists because it allows action despite uncertainty, and uncertainty is reduced when learning occurs during the management process. Often termed “learning by doing”, the allure of this management approach has entrenched the concept widely in agency direction and statutory mandates across the globe. This exceptional volume is a collection of essays on the past, present and future of adaptive management written by prominent authors with long experience in developing, implementing, and assessing adaptive management. Moving forward, the book provides policymakers, managers and scientists a powerful tool for managing for resilience in the face of uncertainty.