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The Rock of the Gibraltarians by Sir William Godfrey Fothergill Jackson Pdf
Forfatteren var britisk guvernør i Gibraltar 1978-1982 og har her skrevet om den berømte halvøs og dens befolknings historie fra de tidligste tider til vore dage.
He was owned by two friends, who just happened to be two of the most famous men in world sport - Sir Alex Ferguson, the toolmaker's apprentice from the tough streets of Glasgow who became Britain's greatest-ever football manager, and John Magnier, the publicity-shy former senator of Ireland and patrician owner of the world's most successful breeding operation, Coolmore Stud. Even his own trainer, the Maestro of Ballydoyle, Aidan O'Brien, did not rate him as the stable's best hope for glory, but Rock Of Gibraltar proved to be that 'one in a million' racehorse who went on to set a world record by winning seven Group 1 races in succession, including two Classics, beating the mark set by the legendary Mill Reef 30 years ago. The Rock's jockey, Michael Kinane, christened him the 'ultimate racehorse', while Kinane's French rivals gave the horse another nickname - 'The Monster'. Yet, after all his extraordinary feats on the racecourse, Rock Of Gibraltar gained even greater fame after his retirement to stud, as Ferguson and Magnier fought over the horse's most valuable asset - his very genes. In this definitive account of Rock Of Gibraltar's life, we learn how the ultimate racehorse became the 100 million prize in a supposedly private but very public contest over stud fees that engulfed the world's most famous football club, Manchester United.
Adolf Hitler's failure to take Gibraltar in 1940 lost him the Second World War. But in truth the formidable Rock, jutting between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, was extraordinarily vulnerable. Every day, ten thousand people crossed its frontier to work, spy, sabotage or escape. It was threatened by Spain, Vichy France, Italy and Germany. After the USA entered the war, Gibraltar became General Eisenhower's strategic headquarters for the invasion of North Africa and the battle for the Mediterranean.
Author : Marc Alexander Publisher : The History Press Page : 324 pages File Size : 52,8 Mb Release : 2011-11-08 Category : History ISBN : 9780752475349
Blowing up the Rock: German, Italian and Spanish Sabotage attacks on Gibraltar during the Second World War by Bernard O'Connor Pdf
During the Second World War, Gibraltar faced the threat of invasion by Italy, Germany, and Spain. The Abwehr, the German Intelligence Service, rather than use their own saboteurs, paid young Spanish men to undertake over sixty sabotage attacks on military installations and shipping with limited success. The Italian Decima Flotilla MAS, a specialist team of underwater frogmen, launched eight attacks which were relatively successful and Spanish Falangists made several unsuccessful attempts. The British Secret Intelligence Service endeavoured to stop or at least limit such attacks. Using contemporary files from the National Archives in Kew, autobiographies, biographies, histories and newspaper articles, this documentary history investigates the successes and failures of these attacks on Gibraltar and the roles played by intelligence officers, agents, double agents in discovering and preventing such acts. The book sheds light on an unusual and largely overlooked aspect of Gibraltar's history.
A rip-roaring account of the dramatic four-year siege of Britain’s Mediterranean garrison by Spain and France—an overlooked key to the British loss in the American Revolution For more than three and a half years, from 1779 to 1783, the tiny territory of Gibraltar was besieged and blockaded, on land and at sea, by the overwhelming forces of Spain and France. It became the longest siege in British history, and the obsession with saving Gibraltar was blamed for the loss of the American colonies in the War of Independence. Located between the Mediterranean and Atlantic, on the very edge of Europe, Gibraltar was a place of varied nationalities, languages, religions, and social classes. During the siege, thousands of soldiers, civilians, and their families withstood terrifying bombardments, starvation, and disease. Very ordinary people lived through extraordinary events, from shipwrecks and naval battles to an attempted invasion of England and a daring sortie out of Gibraltar into Spain. Deadly innovations included red-hot shot, shrapnel shells, and a barrage from immense floating batteries. This is military and social history at its best, a story of soldiers, sailors, and civilians, with royalty and rank and file, workmen and engineers, priests, prisoners of war, spies, and surgeons, all caught up in a struggle for a fortress located on little more than two square miles of awe-inspiring rock. Gibraltar: The Greatest Siege in British History is an epic page-turner, rich in dramatic human detail—a tale of courage, endurance, intrigue, desperation, greed, and humanity. The everyday experiences of all those involved are brought vividly to life with eyewitness accounts and expert research.
Birds of the Strait of Gibraltar by Clive Finlayson Pdf
Clive Finlayson, a native of the Rock and a trained ornithologist, presents a fascinating account of this region and its resident and transitory bird life. The Strait of Gibraltar is famous as a major point of passage for Palaearctic birds migrating between their European breeding grounds and their winter quarters in Africa. The first chapter of the book describes the area, which broadly defined includes the Coto Donana in the north and the Merja Zerga in the south, and the geographic and climatological characteristics which make it a suitable crossing place. In scope this book goes beyond the strict definition of the Strait and, following Irby's 19th Century work, examines the rich area where Europe meets Africa. The chapters which follow describe in detail the migration patterns of the principal passage species including their origins, destinations and overall numbers, showing how the precise conditions of weather and visibility affect the specific choice of route and timing of the crossing. The breeding and wintering bird communities are then considered and the ornithology of the entire region summarized. Whether or not you have ever witnessed the thousands of raptors, storks and other birds that may make this legendary crossing in a single day, this book will conjure the spirit of this extraordinary place. Delightful illustrations by lan Willis complete an important and entertaining book.
Since ships first set sail in the Mediterranean, The Rock has been the gate of Fortress Europe. In ancient times, it was known as one of the Pillars of Hercules, and a glance at its formidable mass suggests that it may well have been created by the gods. Sought after by every nation with territorial ambitions in Europe, Asia, and Africa, Gibraltar was possessed by the Arabs, the Spanish, and ultimately the British, who captured it in the early 1700s and held onto it in a siege of more than three years late in the eighteenth century. The fact that that was one of more than a dozen sieges exemplifies Gibraltar’s quintessential value as a prize and the desperation of governments to fly their flag above its forbidding ramparts. Bradford uses his matchless skill and knowledge to take the reader through the history of this great and unique fortress. From its geological creation to its two-thousand-year influence on politics and war, he crafts the compelling tale of how these few square miles played a major part in history.
Rockin' the Rock, a Kid's Guide to the Rock of Gibraltar by Penelope Dyan Pdf
Gibraltar is a British territory on the south end of the Iberian Peninsula at the Mediterranean entrance. It's total area is 2.6 square miles and it has a northern border with Andalusia, Spain. The Rock of Gibraltar is its major landmark. At its foot is a densely populated city of almost 30,000 people. An Anglo-Dutch force captured Gibraltar from Spain in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession. The territory was ceded to Britain "in perpetuity" under the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht. It became a base for the Royal Navy. Now its economy is based n tourism, finance and shipping. The sovereignty of Gibraltar is at issue in Anglo-Spanish relations, because Spain assets a claim to the territory. However, the people of Gibralter have rejected proposals for Spanish sovereignty, once in a 1967 referendum, and again in 2002. Under its 2006 constitution, Gibraltar governs all of its own affairs. However, powers of defense and foreign relations remain the responsibility of the UK Government. To understand Gibralter, one needs to talk to its people and see everything it has to offer. Look for Penelope Dyan music videos that go with this book, and for more from Bellissima Publishing, LLC, as you learn all you learn all you can about this place that gave rise to the expression: ." . . as strong as the rock of Gibralter." The companion book to this book is "The Comeback Kids, Book 9, The Barbary Macaques of Gibraltar."