Roles And Mechanisms Of Parasitism In Aquatic Microbial Communities

Author : Télesphore Sime-Ngando,Kevin D. Lafferty,David G. Biron
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 155 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2015-07-24
Category : Microbiology
ISBN : 9782889195886

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Roles and mechanisms of parasitism in aquatic microbial communities by Télesphore Sime-Ngando,Kevin D. Lafferty,David G. Biron Pdf

Next Generation Sequencing technologies are increasingly revealing that microbial taxa likely to be parasites or symbionts are probably much more prevalent and diverse than previously thought. Every well studied free-living species has parasites; parasites themselves can be parasitized. As a rule of thumb, there is an estimated 4 parasitic species for any given host, and the better a host is studied the more parasites are known to infect it. Therefore, parasites and other symbionts should represent a very large number of species and may far outnumber those with 'free-living' lifestyles. Paradoxically, free-living hosts, which form the bulk of our knowledge of biology, may be a minority! Microbial parasites typically are characterized by their small size, short generation time, and high rates of reproduction, with simple life cycle occurring generally within a single host. They are diverse and ubiquitous in the environment, comprising viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This Frontiers Research Topic sought to provide a broad overview but concise, comprehensive, well referenced and up-to-date state of the art for everyone involved with microbial parasites in aquatic microbial ecology.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1368436042

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Roles and Mechanisms of Parasitism in Aquatic Microbial Communities by Anonim Pdf

Next Generation Sequencing technologies are increasingly revealing that microbial taxa likely to be parasites or symbionts are probably much more prevalent and diverse than previously thought. Every well studied free-living species has parasites; parasites themselves can be parasitized. As a rule of thumb, there is an estimated 4 parasitic species for any given host, and the better a host is studied the more parasites are known to infect it. Therefore, parasites and other symbionts should represent a very large number of species and may far outnumber those with 'free-living' lifestyles. Paradoxically, free-living hosts, which form the bulk of our knowledge of biology, may be a minority! Microbial parasites typically are characterized by their small size, short generation time, and high rates of reproduction, with simple life cycle occurring generally within a single host. They are diverse and ubiquitous in the environment, comprising viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This Frontiers Research Topic sought to provide a broad overview but concise, comprehensive, well referenced and up-to-date state of the art for everyone involved with microbial parasites in aquatic microbial ecology.

Author : Manuel Yúfera
Publisher : Springer
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319732442

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Emerging Issues in Fish Larvae Research by Manuel Yúfera Pdf

This book deals with the fundamentals of key physiological mechanisms involved in the development and growth of fish larvae. Chapters included show how the environmental and nutritional conditions are affecting the developmental process from its molecular basis and how these same conditions also influence the final characteristics of late larvae and fry. This volume provides recent findings on the importance of environmental rhythms, some specific nutrients and the adequate microbial environment in the developmental processes including recent results of current research projects.

Author : Christon J. Hurst
Publisher : Springer
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2019-05-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030167752

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The Structure and Function of Aquatic Microbial Communities by Christon J. Hurst Pdf

This book discusses how aquatic microbial communities develop interactive metabolic coordination both within and between species to optimize their energetics. It explains that microbial community structuration often includes functional stratification among a multitude of organisms that variously exist either suspended in the water, lodged in sediments, or bound to one another as biofilms on solid surfaces. The authors describe techniques that can be used for preparing and distributing microbiologically safe drinking water, which presents the challenge of successfully removing the pathogenic members of the aquatic microbial community and then safely delivering that water to consumers. Drinking water distribution systems have their own microbial ecology, which we must both understand and control in order to maintain the safety of the water supply. Since studying aquatic microorganisms often entails identifying them, the book also discusses techniques for successfully isolating and cultivating bacteria. As such, it appeals to microbiologists, microbial ecologists and water quality scientists.

Author : Howard Ochman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Science
ISBN : 1621820378

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Microbial Evolution by Howard Ochman Pdf

Bacteria have been the dominant forms of life on Earth for the past 3.5 billion years. They rapidly evolve, constantly changing their genetic architecture through horizontal DNA transfer and other mechanisms. Consequently, it can be difficult to define individual species and determine how they are related. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines how bacteria and other microbes evolve, focusing on insights from genomics-based studies. Contributors discuss the origins of new microbial populations, the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms that keep species separate once they have diverged, and the challenges of constructing phylogenetic trees that accurately reflect their relationships. They describe the organization of microbial genomes, the various mutations that occur, including the birth of new genes de novo and by duplication, and how natural selection acts on those changes. The role of horizontal gene transfer as a strong driver of microbial evolution is emphasized throughout. The authors also explore the geologic evidence for early microbial evolution and describe the use of microbial evolution experiments to examine phenomena like natural selection. This volume will thus be essential reading for all microbial ecologists, population geneticists, and evolutionary biologists.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Water
ISBN : 3030167747

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The Structure and Function of Aquatic Microbial Communities by Anonim Pdf

This book discusses how aquatic microbial communities develop interactive metabolic coordination both within and between species to optimize their energetics. It explains that microbial community structuration often includes functional stratification among a multitude of organisms that variously exist either suspended in the water, lodged in sediments, or bound to one another as biofilms on solid surfaces. The authors describe techniques that can be used for preparing and distributing microbiologically safe drinking water, which presents the challenge of successfully removing the pathogenic members of the aquatic microbial community and then safely delivering that water to consumers. Drinking water distribution systems have their own microbial ecology, which we must both understand and control in order to maintain the safety of the water supply. Since studying aquatic microorganisms often entails identifying them, the book also discusses techniques for successfully isolating and cultivating bacteria. As such, it appeals to microbiologists, microbial ecologists and water quality scientists.

Author : Salom Gnana Thanga Vincent,Tim C. Jennerjahn,Kumarasamy Ramasamy
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128151662

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Microbial Communities in Coastal Sediments by Salom Gnana Thanga Vincent,Tim C. Jennerjahn,Kumarasamy Ramasamy Pdf

A concise reference on the structural composition and function of microbial communities in coastal environments, especially in relation to natural and anthropogenic impacts. Microbial Communities in Coastal Sediments presents twenty years of coastal microbiology research, grounding it as a vital development in the field of microbial ecology. It is the first book to focus exclusively on the complex microbial ecology and its function in rest of the marine environment. The book outlines the structure, function, and assessment of microbial communities in marine sediments while exploring practical methods of assessment. It is an invaluable resource to aquatic microbiologists, marine ecologists, marine microbiologists, aquatic researchers, and graduate students in this field. Microbial Communities in Coastal Sediments begins with an examination of nutrient sources in the coastal context with a focus on organic matter inputs. The quantity and quality of organic matter in coastal sediments and their impacts on the composition and formation of microbial communities is discussed. The book explores the consequences of anthropogenic changes and human activity on microbial ecology and nutrient cycling. Sections on nutrient availability, green house gas production and biodegradation of persistent organic pollutants provide essential details. Molecular research techniques and methods for assessing microbial community structure and function in coastal sediments are also covered. Explores the interplay of physicochemical and biological features of coastal ecosystems on microbial community composition to provide a template of comparison for field research Includes unique figures, schematic diagrams and photographs related to microbial processes of coastal ecosystem to clearly represent different aspects of microbial structure and functions Provides analytical methods and detailed molecular techniques for qualitative and quantitative analyses of microbial community structure

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309264327

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The Social Biology of Microbial Communities by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

Beginning with the germ theory of disease in the 19th century and extending through most of the 20th century, microbes were believed to live their lives as solitary, unicellular, disease-causing organisms . This perception stemmed from the focus of most investigators on organisms that could be grown in the laboratory as cellular monocultures, often dispersed in liquid, and under ambient conditions of temperature, lighting, and humidity. Most such inquiries were designed to identify microbial pathogens by satisfying Koch's postulates.3 This pathogen-centric approach to the study of microorganisms produced a metaphorical "war" against these microbial invaders waged with antibiotic therapies, while simultaneously obscuring the dynamic relationships that exist among and between host organisms and their associated microorganisms-only a tiny fraction of which act as pathogens. Despite their obvious importance, very little is actually known about the processes and factors that influence the assembly, function, and stability of microbial communities. Gaining this knowledge will require a seismic shift away from the study of individual microbes in isolation to inquiries into the nature of diverse and often complex microbial communities, the forces that shape them, and their relationships with other communities and organisms, including their multicellular hosts. On March 6 and 7, 2012, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop to explore the emerging science of the "social biology" of microbial communities. Workshop presentations and discussions embraced a wide spectrum of topics, experimental systems, and theoretical perspectives representative of the current, multifaceted exploration of the microbial frontier. Participants discussed ecological, evolutionary, and genetic factors contributing to the assembly, function, and stability of microbial communities; how microbial communities adapt and respond to environmental stimuli; theoretical and experimental approaches to advance this nascent field; and potential applications of knowledge gained from the study of microbial communities for the improvement of human, animal, plant, and ecosystem health and toward a deeper understanding of microbial diversity and evolution. The Social Biology of Microbial Communities: Workshop Summary further explains the happenings of the workshop.

Author : J Vaun McArthur
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2006-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080511546

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Microbial Ecology by J Vaun McArthur Pdf

Based on the thesis that insights into both evolution and ecology can be obtained through the study of microorganismsm, Microbial Ecology examines microbiology through the lens of evolutionary ecology. Measured from a microbial perspective, this text covers such topics as optimal foraging, genome, reduction, novel evolutionary mechanisms, bacterial speciation, and r and K selection. Numerous aspects of microbial existence are also discussed and include: species competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, microbial communication through quorum sensing and other. The result is a context for understanding microbes in nature and a framework for microbiologists working in industry, medicine, and the environment. Applies evolutionary ecological concepts to microbes Addresses individual, population and community ecology Presents species concepts and offers insights on the origin of life and modern microbial ecology Examines topics such as species interactions, nutrient cycling, quorum sensing and cheating

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

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Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Peter Deines,Brendan J. M. Bohannan,Posy Elizabeth Busby,Steven Earl Lindow,Kyle Matthew Meyer,Zhong Wei
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2022-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832506790

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The Role of Dispersal and Transmission in Structuring Microbial Communities by Peter Deines,Brendan J. M. Bohannan,Posy Elizabeth Busby,Steven Earl Lindow,Kyle Matthew Meyer,Zhong Wei Pdf

Author : John Dighton,James F. White
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-16
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781498706674

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The Fungal Community by John Dighton,James F. White Pdf

"...a number of chapters provide excellent summaries of the modern methods available for studying fungal ecology, along with those more traditional methods that are still extremely valuable...overall it is a hugely valuable compendium of fungal ecology research. It is a must for the library shelf." -Lynne Boddy, Cardiff University, UK, Mycological Research, 2006 "These 44 chapters are an excellent starting point for anyone interested in fungal communities, in the broadest sense of the term. It is a book for dipping into...may be the last comprehensive treatment of fungal communities before the molecular revolution." -Meriel Jones, University of Liverpool, UK, Microbiology Today "... the scope of the work is tremendous. ... Excellent chapters providing overviews of methods ... provide a snap shot of the current approaches used to understand fungal communities at several levels of organization. This book should probably be on the shelf of every student of mycology, and many ecologists too. For all students, this book should be a valuable resource and source of inspiration." -Daniel Henk, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, in Inoculum, Vol. 59, No. 3, May 2008 "Thorough taxonomic and subject indices further aid the reader in navigating through multiple authors’ treatments of subjects of interest." - Anthony Amend, Department of Botany, University of Hawaii at Manoa in Economic Botany, V. 61 In all subjects in science, new findings and the use of new technologies allow us to develop an ever-greater understanding of our world. Expanded and updated coverage in the fourth edition includes: Adds new sections on Integrating Genomics and Metagenomics into Community Analysis, Recent Advances in Fungal Endophyte Research, Fungi in the Built Environment, and Fungal Signaling and Communication Includes a broader treatment of fungal communities in natural ecosystems with in-depth coverage of fungal adaptations to stress and conservation Expands coverage of the influence of climate change on fungi and the role of fungi in organically polluted ecosystems Includes contributions from scientists from 20 nations to illustrate a true global approach for bridging gaps between ecological concepts and mycology

Author : John Cairns
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822011678786

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Aquatic Microbial Communities by John Cairns Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2004-06-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309091220

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Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens Pdf

Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â

Author : Bin Huang,Bruno Tilocca,Qin Gu,Wensheng Fang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832534670

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Soil microbiome community and functional succession mechanism driven by different factors in agricultural ecology by Bin Huang,Bruno Tilocca,Qin Gu,Wensheng Fang Pdf