Rotation And Accretion Powered Pulsars

Author : Pranab Ghosh
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 793 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789810247447

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Rotation and Accretion Powered Pulsars by Pranab Ghosh Pdf

This book is an introduction to pulsars, a key area in high energy astrophysics with continuing potential for fundamental discoveries. Throughout the book runs the unifying thread of the evolutionary link between rotation-powered pulsars and accretion-powered pulsars ? a milestone of modern astrophysics. Early textbooks on pulsars dealt almost entirely with rotation-powered ones, while accounts of pulsars in volumes on X-ray binaries focused almost exclusively on accretion-powered ones. This is the first textbook to treat these two kinds of pulsars simultaneously with equal importance, stressing the fact that both are rotating, magnetic neutron stars, operating under different conditions during different parts of their lives. It describes the observational properties of both kinds of pulsars, summarizes our physical understanding of these properties, and pays detailed attention to the physics of superdense matter which neutron stars are composed of, as well as to the superfluidity which is expected to occur in neutron stars. Evolution from rotation-power to accretion-power, and vice versa, are carefully described. The effects of the strong magnetic fields of neutron stars on themselves, their emission properties, and their environments are discussed, as are the origin and evolution of such magnetic fields. Also treated is the superbly accurate verification of Einstein's theory of general relativity through timing studies of binary pulsars, which led to the award of the Nobel Prize to Hulse and Taylor in 1993. On each topic, the book starts with simple, basic physical concepts, and builds up the exposition to the point where the latest and most exciting developments become accessible to the reader.

Author : Pranab Ghosh
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 792 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2007-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814490146

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Rotation and Accretion Powered Pulsars by Pranab Ghosh Pdf

This book is an introduction to pulsars, a key area in high energy astrophysics with continuing potential for fundamental discoveries. Throughout the book runs the unifying thread of the evolutionary link between rotation-powered pulsars and accretion-powered pulsars — a milestone of modern astrophysics. Early textbooks on pulsars dealt almost entirely with rotation-powered ones, while accounts of pulsars in volumes on X-ray binaries focused almost exclusively on accretion-powered ones. This is the first textbook to treat these two kinds of pulsars simultaneously with equal importance, stressing the fact that both are rotating, magnetic neutron stars, operating under different conditions during different parts of their lives. It describes the observational properties of both kinds of pulsars, summarizes our physical understanding of these properties, and pays detailed attention to the physics of superdense matter which neutron stars are composed of, as well as to the superfluidity which is expected to occur in neutron stars. Evolution from rotation-power to accretion-power, and vice versa, are carefully described. The effects of the strong magnetic fields of neutron stars on themselves, their emission properties, and their environments are discussed, as are the origin and evolution of such magnetic fields. Also treated is the superbly accurate verification of Einstein's theory of general relativity through timing studies of binary pulsars, which led to the award of the Nobel Prize to Hulse and Taylor in 1993. On each topic, the book starts with simple, basic physical concepts, and builds up the exposition to the point where the latest and most exciting developments become accessible to the reader. Contents:The Discovery of PulsarsPhysics of Neutron StarsOrigin and Evolution of Neutron StarsProperties of Rotation Powered PulsarsSuperfluidity in Neutron Stars and Glitch DiagnosticsProperties of Accretion Powered PulsarsPulsar MagnetospheresPulsar Emission MechanismsSpin Evolution of Neutron StarsNeutron Star Magnetic FieldsStrange Stars Readership: Graduate students and upper level undergraduates, researchers and teachers in astrophysics, astronomy, theoretical physics, astro-plasma physics, general relativity and related subjects. Keywords:Reviews:“Neutron stars are implicated in some of the most fascinating phenomena in the universe. This comprehensive text is unique in its authoritative and clear coverage of what we have learnt about neutron stars in different cosmic environments from observations in all wavebands.”Professor Sir M J Rees Astronomer Royal Cambridge University “Rotation and Accretion Powered Pulsars by Professor Pranab Ghosh is a masterpiece of erudition and pedagogy and can be recommended without hesitation to both beginners and specialists in this fascinating field of modern astrophysics.”Professor Jean-Pierre Lasota Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris “This book is an excellent and up to date basic reference source for all theoretical and observational aspects of neutron stars and will be very much welcomed by everyone working in high-energy astrophysics, stellar evolution and the studies of pulsars. For those teaching courses in these fields of astrophysics it also is highly recommended.”Space Science Reviews “The book is written in a very readable style, with clear explanations of the subtleties of the various topics and occasional anecdotal notes on points of historical interest. It would be a valuable addition to the library of anyone interested in the physics of compact stellar objects.”Australian Physics

Author : John A. Lowry
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Science
ISBN : 1594545677

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Trends in Pulsar Research by John A. Lowry Pdf

Pulsars are stars, a significant part of whose observed energy output is not continuous but is emitted as distinct flashes or pulses of electromagnetic radiation. Many pulsars also emit some radiation weakly and constantly, forming a background for the more intensive pulses. Three distinct classes of pulsars are presently known to astronomers, according to the source of energy that powers the radiation: Rotation-powered pulsars, where the loss of rotational energy of the star powers the radiation X-ray pulsars, where the gravitational potential energy of accreted matter is the energy source, and Magnetars, where the decay of an extremely strong magnetic field powers the radiation. Although all three classes of objects are neutron stars, their observable behaviour and the underlying physics are quite different. There are, however, connections. For example, X-ray pulsars are probably old rotation-powered pulsars that have already lost most of their energy, and have only become visible again after their binary companions expanded and began transferring matter on to the neutron star. The process of accretion can in turn transfer enough angular momentum to the neutron star to "recycle" it as a rotation-powered millisecond pulsar.

Author : Sudip Bhattacharyya,Alessandro Papitto,Dipankar Bhattacharya
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030851989

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Millisecond Pulsars by Sudip Bhattacharyya,Alessandro Papitto,Dipankar Bhattacharya Pdf

This book includes nine chapters written by internationally recognized experts, covering all aspects of millisecond pulsars in one concise and cohesive volume. These aspects include pulsations powered by stellar spin, accretion and thermonuclear burning of accreted matter, their physics and utility, stellar evolution and the extreme physics of super-dense stellar cores. The book includes substantial background material as well as recent theoretical and multi-wavelength observational results. The volume will thus be useful for professional astronomers and graduate students alike. What is the behavior of the strong nuclear interaction, and what are the matter constituents at ultrahigh densities in neutron star cores? How do old neutron stars in binaries evolve? How does their magnetosphere interact with the surrounding plasma to accelerate particles and emit radiation observed at all wavelengths? These are just a few of the questions that millisecond pulsars are helping us answer and will settle in the near future with the next generation of instruments. Such quickly rotating, highly magnetized neutron stars are remarkable natural laboratories that allow us to investigate the fundamental constituents of matter and their interactions under extreme conditions that cannot be reproduced in terrestrial laboratories.

Author : Werner Becker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 702 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2009-02-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540769651

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Neutron Stars and Pulsars by Werner Becker Pdf

Neutron stars are the most compact astronomical objects in the universe which are accessible by direct observation. Studying neutron stars means studying physics in regimes unattainable in any terrestrial laboratory. Understanding their observed complex phenomena requires a wide range of scientific disciplines, including the nuclear and condensed matter physics of very dense matter in neutron star interiors, plasma physics and quantum electrodynamics of magnetospheres, and the relativistic magneto-hydrodynamics of electron-positron pulsar winds interacting with some ambient medium. Not to mention the test bed neutron stars provide for general relativity theories, and their importance as potential sources of gravitational waves. It is this variety of disciplines which, among others, makes neutron star research so fascinating, not only for those who have been working in the field for many years but also for students and young scientists. The aim of this book is to serve as a reference work which not only reviews the progress made since the early days of pulsar astronomy, but especially focuses on questions such as: "What have we learned about the subject and how did we learn it?", "What are the most important open questions in this area?" and "What new tools, telescopes, observations, and calculations are needed to answer these questions?". All authors who have contributed to this book have devoted a significant part of their scientific careers to exploring the nature of neutron stars and understanding pulsars. Everyone has paid special attention to writing educational comprehensive review articles with the needs of beginners, students and young scientists as potential readers in mind. This book will be a valuable source of information for these groups.

Author : Rudy Wijnands,Diego Altamirano,Paolo Soleri,Nathalie Degenaar,Nanda Rea,Piergiorgio Casella,Alessandro Patruno,Manuel Linares
Publisher : American Institute of Physics
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2008-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 0735405999

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A Decade of Accreting Millisecond X-Ray Pulsars by Rudy Wijnands,Diego Altamirano,Paolo Soleri,Nathalie Degenaar,Nanda Rea,Piergiorgio Casella,Alessandro Patruno,Manuel Linares Pdf

In X-ray binaries, neutron stars (the very dense stellar remnants of heavy stars) accrete matter from a close-by companion star. This matter eventually falls on the neutron star, significantly affecting it. I.e., the star is spun up to very high spin rates. In the end, it might rotate 1000 times a second which causes very fast oscillations in its X-ray brightness. This workshop was to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the discovery of the first system in which this signal was found and discuss the most recent observational and theoretical insight in the nature of these systems.

Author : James J. Condon,Scott M. Ransom
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691137797

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Essential Radio Astronomy by James J. Condon,Scott M. Ransom Pdf

The ideal text for a one-semester course in radio astronomy Essential Radio Astronomy is the only textbook on the subject specifically designed for a one-semester introductory course for advanced undergraduates or graduate students in astronomy and astrophysics. It starts from first principles in order to fill gaps in students' backgrounds, make teaching easier for professors who are not expert radio astronomers, and provide a useful reference to the essential equations used by practitioners. This unique textbook reflects the fact that students of multiwavelength astronomy typically can afford to spend only one semester studying the observational techniques particular to each wavelength band. Essential Radio Astronomy presents only the most crucial concepts—succinctly and accessibly. It covers the general principles behind radio telescopes, receivers, and digital backends without getting bogged down in engineering details. Emphasizing the physical processes in radio sources, the book's approach is shaped by the view that radio astrophysics owes more to thermodynamics than electromagnetism. Proven in the classroom and generously illustrated throughout, Essential Radio Astronomy is an invaluable resource for students and researchers alike. The only textbook specifically designed for a one-semester course in radio astronomy Starts from first principles Makes teaching easier for astronomy professors who are not expert radio astronomers Emphasizes the physical processes in radio sources Covers the principles behind radio telescopes and receivers Provides the essential equations and fundamental constants used by practitioners Supplementary website includes lecture notes, problem sets, exams, and links to interactive demonstrations An online illustration package is available to professors

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1002 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Laboratories
ISBN : STANFORD:36105131831757

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Los Alamos Science by Anonim Pdf

Author : Tomaso M. Belloni,Mariano Méndez,Chengmin Zhang
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662621103

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Timing Neutron Stars: Pulsations, Oscillations and Explosions by Tomaso M. Belloni,Mariano Méndez,Chengmin Zhang Pdf

Neutron stars, whether isolated or in a binary system, display a varied and complex phenomenology, often accompanied by extreme variability of many time scales, which takes the form of pulsations due to the object rotation, quasi-periodicities associated to accretion of matter, and explosions due to matter accreted on the surface or to starquakes of highly magnetized objects. This book gives an overview of the current observational and theoretical standpoint in the research on the physics under the extreme conditions that neutron stars naturally provide. The six chapters explore three physical regions of a neutron star: the space around it, where accretion and pulsar companions allow testing of general relativity its surface, where millisecond pulsation and X-ray burts provide clues about general relativistic effects and the equation of state of neutron matter its interior, of course, inaccessible to direct observations, can nevertheless, be probed with all observational parameters related to neutron star variability.

Author : P. Haensel,A.Y. Potekhin,D.G. Yakovlev
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387473017

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Neutron Stars 1 by P. Haensel,A.Y. Potekhin,D.G. Yakovlev Pdf

The book gives an extended review of theoretical and observational aspects of neutron star physics. With masses comparable to that of the Sun and radii of about ten kilometres, neutron stars are the densest stars in the Universe. This book describes all layers of neutron stars, from the surface to the core, with the emphasis on their structure and equation of state. Theories of dense matter are reviewed, and used to construct neutron star models. Hypothetical strange quark stars and possible exotic phases in neutron star cores are also discussed. Also covered are the effects of strong magnetic fields in neutron star envelopes.

Author : Andrew Lyne,Francis Graham-Smith,Benjamin Stappers
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108495226

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Pulsar Astronomy by Andrew Lyne,Francis Graham-Smith,Benjamin Stappers Pdf

A comprehensive introduction to pulsars and radio-emitting neutron stars, including observational and theoretical concepts and applications.

Author : Y. Jade Morton,Frank van Diggelen,James J. Spilker, Jr.,Bradford W. Parkinson,Sherman Lo,Grace Gao
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 902 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119458494

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Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century by Y. Jade Morton,Frank van Diggelen,James J. Spilker, Jr.,Bradford W. Parkinson,Sherman Lo,Grace Gao Pdf

Covers the latest developments in PNT technologies, including integrated satellite navigation, sensor systems, and civil applications Featuring sixty-four chapters that are divided into six parts, this two-volume work provides comprehensive coverage of the state-of-the-art in satellite-based position, navigation, and timing (PNT) technologies and civilian applications. It also examines alternative navigation technologies based on other signals-of-opportunity and sensors and offers a comprehensive treatment on integrated PNT systems for consumer and commercial applications. Volume 1 of Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century: Integrated Satellite Navigation, Sensor Systems, and Civil Applications contains three parts and focuses on the satellite navigation systems, technologies, and engineering and scientific applications. It starts with a historical perspective of GPS development and other related PNT development. Current global and regional navigation satellite systems (GNSS and RNSS), their inter-operability, signal quality monitoring, satellite orbit and time synchronization, and ground- and satellite-based augmentation systems are examined. Recent progresses in satellite navigation receiver technologies and challenges for operations in multipath-rich urban environment, in handling spoofing and interference, and in ensuring PNT integrity are addressed. A section on satellite navigation for engineering and scientific applications finishes off the volume. Volume 2 of Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century: Integrated Satellite Navigation, Sensor Systems, and Civil Applications consists of three parts and addresses PNT using alternative signals and sensors and integrated PNT technologies for consumer and commercial applications. It looks at PNT using various radio signals-of-opportunity, atomic clock, optical, laser, magnetic field, celestial, MEMS and inertial sensors, as well as the concept of navigation from Low-Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites. GNSS-INS integration, neuroscience of navigation, and animal navigation are also covered. The volume finishes off with a collection of work on contemporary PNT applications such as survey and mobile mapping, precision agriculture, wearable systems, automated driving, train control, commercial unmanned aircraft systems, aviation, and navigation in the unique Arctic environment. In addition, this text: Serves as a complete reference and handbook for professionals and students interested in the broad range of PNT subjects Includes chapters that focus on the latest developments in GNSS and other navigation sensors, techniques, and applications Illustrates interconnecting relationships between various types of technologies in order to assure more protected, tough, and accurate PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century: Integrated Satellite Navigation, Sensor Systems, and Civil Applications will appeal to all industry professionals, researchers, and academics involved with the science, engineering, and applications of position, navigation, and timing technologies. pnt21book.com

Author : Bryan Anthony Jacoby
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781581123937

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Recycled Pulsars by Bryan Anthony Jacoby Pdf

We present the results of a large-area survey for millisecond pulsars (MSPs) at moderately high galactic latitudes with the 64 m Parkes radio telescope, along with follow-up timing and optical studies of the newly-discovered pulsars and several others. Major results include the first precise measurement of the mass of a fully recycled pulsar and measurement of orbital period decay in a double neutron star binary system allowing a test of general relativity along with improved measurements of the neutron star masses. In a survey of approx. 4,150 square degrees, we discovered 26 previously unknown pulsars, including 7 "recycled" millisecond or binary pulsars. Several of these recycled pulsars are particularly interesting: PSR J1528-3146 is in a circular orbit with a companion of at least 0.94 solar masses; it is a member of the recently recognized class of intermediate mass binary pulsar (IMBP) systems with massive white dwarf companions. We have detected optical counterparts for this and one other IMBP system; taken together with optical detections and non-detections of several similar systems, our results indicate that the characteristic age consistently overestimates the time since the end of mass accretion in these recycled systems. This result implies that the pulsar spin period at the end of the accretion phase is not dramatically shorter than the observed period as is generally assumed. PSR J1600-3053 is among the best high-precision timing pulsars known and should be very useful as part of an ensemble of pulsars used to detect very low frequency gravitational waves. PSR J1738+0333 has an optical counterpart which, although not yet well-studied, has already allowed a preliminary measurement of the system's mass ratio. The most significant discovery of this survey is PSR J1909-3744, a 2.95 ms pulsar in an extremely circular 1.5 d orbit with a low-mass white dwarf companion. Though this system is a fairly typical low-mass binary pulsar (LMBP) system, it has several exceptional qualities: an extremely narrow pulse profile and stable rotation have enabled the most precise long-term timing ever reported, and a nearly edge-on orbit gives rise to a strong Shapiro delay signature in the pulse timing data which has allowed the most precise measurement of the mass of a millisecond pulsar: 1.438 ± 0.024 solar masses. Our accurate parallax distance measurement, d = 1.14 +0.08 / -0.07 kpc, combined with the mass of the optically-detected companion, 0.2038 ± 0.022 solar masses, will provide an important calibration for white dwarf models relevant to other LMBP companions. We have measured the decay of the binary period of the double neutron star system B2127+11C in the globular cluster M15. This has allowed an improved measurement of the mass of the pulsar, 1.3584 ± 0.0097 solar masses, and companion, 1.3544 ± 0.0097 solar masses, as well as a test of general relativity at the 3% level. We find that the proper motions of this pulsar as well as B2127+11A and B2127+11B are consistent with each other and with one published measurement of the cluster proper motion. We have discovered three binary millisecond pulsars in the globular cluster M62 using the 100-m Green Bank Telescope (GBT). These pulsars are the first objects discovered with the GBT. We briefly describe a wide-bandwidth coherent dedispersion backend used for some of the high precision pulsar timing observations presented here.

Author : Sean G. Ryan,Andrew J. Norton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2010-01-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521196094

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Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis by Sean G. Ryan,Andrew J. Norton Pdf

An ideal bridging text for astrophysics and physics majors looking to move on from the introductory texts.

Author : Amir Abbas Emadzadeh,Jason Lee Speyer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781441980175

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Navigation in Space by X-ray Pulsars by Amir Abbas Emadzadeh,Jason Lee Speyer Pdf

Navigation in Space by X-ray Pulsars will consist of two parts. One is on modeling of X-ray pulsar signals. The second part explains how X-ray pulsar signals can be used to solve the relative navigation problem. This book formulates the problem, proposes a recursive solution, and analyzes different aspects of the navigation system. This book will be a comprehensive source for researchers. It provides new research results on signal processing techniques needed for X-ray pulsar based navigation in deep space.