Rules For Reasoning

Author : Jaap Hage
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789401588737

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Reasoning with Rules by Jaap Hage Pdf

Rule-applying legal arguments are traditionally treated as a kind of syllogism. Such a treatment overlooks the fact that legal principles and rules are not statements which describe the world, but rather means by which humans impose structure on the world. Legal rules create legal consequences, they do not describe them. This has consequences for the logic of rule- and principle-applying arguments, the most important of which may be that such arguments are defeasible. This book offers an extensive analysis of the role of rules and principles in legal reasoning, which focuses on the close relationship between rules, principles, and reasons. Moreover, it describes a logical theory which assigns a central place to the notion of reasons for and against a conclusion, and which is especially suited to deal with rules and principles.

Author : L. Karl Branting
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789401728485

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Reasoning with Rules and Precedents by L. Karl Branting Pdf

Few areas of human expertise are so well understood that they can be completely reduced to general principles. Similarly, there are few domains in which experience is so extensive that every new problem precisely matches a previous problem whose solution is known. When neither rules nor examples are individually sufficient, problem-solving expertise depends on integrating both. This book presents a computational framework for the integration of rules and cases for analytic tasks typified by legal analysis. The book uses the framework for integrating cases and rules as a basis for a new model of legal precedents. This model explains how the theory under which a case is decided controls the case's precedential effect. The framework for integrating rules and cases is implemented in GREBE, a system for legal analysis. The book presents techniques for representing, indexing, and comparing complex cases and for converting justification structures based on rules and case into natural-language text. This book will interest researchers in artificial intelligence, particularly those involved in case-based reasoning, artificial intelligence and law, and formal models of argumentation, and to scholars in legal philosophy, jurisprudence, and analogical reasoning.

Author : Sotiris Moschoyiannis,Rafael Peñaloza,Jan Vanthienen,Ahmet Soylu,Dumitru Roman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3030911667

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Rules and Reasoning by Sotiris Moschoyiannis,Rafael Peñaloza,Jan Vanthienen,Ahmet Soylu,Dumitru Roman Pdf

This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning, RuleML+RR 2021, held in Leuven, Belgium, during September, 2021. This is the 5th conference of a new series, joining the efforts of two existing conference series, namely “RuleML” (International Web Rule Symposium) and “RR” (Web Reasoning and Rule Systems). The 17 full research papers presented together with 2 short technical communications papers and 2 abstracts of invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 39 submissions.

Author : Joseph Heath
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2008-10-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780195370294

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Following the Rules by Joseph Heath Pdf

For centuries, philosophers have been puzzled by the fact that people often respect moral obligations as a matter of principle, setting aside considerations of self-interest. This text shows how rule-following can be understood as an essential element of rational action.

Author : Jan von Plato
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781107036598

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Elements of Logical Reasoning by Jan von Plato Pdf

This book provides an accessible and at the same time scientifically rigorous introduction to the principles of logical reasoning.

Author : Anna Fensel,Ana Ozaki,Dumitru Roman,Ahmet Soylu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2023-11-15
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031450723

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Rules and Reasoning by Anna Fensel,Ana Ozaki,Dumitru Roman,Ahmet Soylu Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning, RuleML+RR 2023, held in Oslo, Norway, during September 18–20, 2023. The 13 full papers and 3 short papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. They focus on all aspects of theoretical advances; novel technologies; innovative applications; knowledge representation; reasoning with rules; and research, development, applications of rule-based systems.

Author : Christoph Benzmüller,Francesco Ricca,Xavier Parent,Dumitru Roman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-23
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319999067

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Rules and Reasoning by Christoph Benzmüller,Francesco Ricca,Xavier Parent,Dumitru Roman Pdf

This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rules and Reasoning, RuleML+RR 2018, held in Luxembourg during September 2018. This is the second conference of a new series, joining the efforts of two existing conference series, namely “RuleML” (International Web Rule Symposium) and “RR” (Web Reasoning and Rule Systems). The 10 full research papers presented together with 5 long technical communications and 7 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions.

Author : Richard E. Nisbett
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 475 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2013-02-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134775538

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Rules for Reasoning by Richard E. Nisbett Pdf

This book examines two questions: Do people make use of abstract rules such as logical and statistical rules when making inferences in everyday life? Can such abstract rules be changed by training? Contrary to the spirit of reductionist theories from behaviorism to connectionism, there is ample evidence that people do make use of abstract rules of inference -- including rules of logic, statistics, causal deduction, and cost-benefit analysis. Such rules, moreover, are easily alterable by instruction as it occurs in classrooms and in brief laboratory training sessions. The fact that purely formal training can alter them and that those taught in one content domain can "escape" to a quite different domain for which they are also highly applicable shows that the rules are highly abstract. The major implication for cognitive science is that people are capable of operating with abstract rules even for concrete, mundane tasks; therefore, any realistic model of human inferential capacity must reflect this fact. The major implication for education is that people can be far more broadly influenced by training than is generally supposed. At high levels of formality and abstraction, relatively brief training can alter the nature of problem-solving for an infinite number of content domains.

Author : Manhattan Prep
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 650 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2020-03-03
Category : Study Aids
ISBN : 9781506265674

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LSAT Logical Reasoning by Manhattan Prep Pdf

Manhattan Prep’s LSAT Logical Reasoning guide, fully updated for the digital exam, will teach you how to untangle Logical Reasoning problems confidently and efficiently. Manhattan Prep’s LSAT guides use officially-released LSAT questions and are written by the company’s instructors, who have all scored a 172 or higher on the official LSAT—we know how to earn a great score and we know how to teach you to do the same. This guide will train you to approach LSAT logical reasoning problems as a 99th-percentile test-taker does: Recognize and respond to every type of question Deconstruct the text to find the core argument or essential facts Spot—and avoid—trap answers Take advantage of the digital format to work quickly and strategically Each chapter in LSAT Logical Reasoning features drill sets—made up of real LSAT questions—to help you absorb and apply what you’ve learned. The extensive solutions walk you through every step needed to master Logical Reasoning, including an in-depth explanation of every answer choice, correct and incorrect.

Author : Friedrich V. Kratochwil
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1991-04-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521409713

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Rules, Norms, and Decisions by Friedrich V. Kratochwil Pdf

This book assesses the impact of norms on decision-making. It argues that norms influence choices not by being causes for actions, but by providing reasons. Consequently it approaches the problem via an investigation of the reasoning process in which norms play a decisive role. Kratochwil argues that, depending upon the strictness the guidance norms provide in arriving at a decision, different styles of reasoning with norms can be distinguished. While the focus in this book is largely analytical, the argument is developed through the interpretation of the classic thinkers in international law (Grotius, Vattel, Pufendorf, Rousseau, Hume, Habermas).

Author : Larry Alexander,Emily Sherwin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2008-06-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139472470

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Demystifying Legal Reasoning by Larry Alexander,Emily Sherwin Pdf

Demystifying Legal Reasoning defends the proposition that there are no special forms of reasoning peculiar to law. Legal decision makers engage in the same modes of reasoning that all actors use in deciding what to do: open-ended moral reasoning, empirical reasoning, and deduction from authoritative rules. This book addresses common law reasoning when prior judicial decisions determine the law, and interpretation of texts. In both areas, the popular view that legal decision makers practise special forms of reasoning is false.

Author : Bradley Harris Dowden
Publisher : Bradley Dowden
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Critical thinking
ISBN : 0534176887

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Logical Reasoning by Bradley Harris Dowden Pdf

This book is designed to engage students' interest and promote their writing abilities while teaching them to think critically and creatively. Dowden takes an activist stance on critical thinking, asking students to create and revise arguments rather than simply recognizing and criticizing them. His book emphasizes inductive reasoning and the analysis of individual claims in the beginning, leaving deductive arguments for consideration later in the course.

Author : James A. Holland (Law teacher),Julian S. Webb
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Law
ISBN : 019194436X

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Learning Legal Rules by James A. Holland (Law teacher),Julian S. Webb Pdf

Author : Ron Sun
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1994-02-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : UOM:39015032918230

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Integrating Rules and Connectionism for Robust Commonsense Reasoning by Ron Sun Pdf

Along with this framework, the book proposes a set of interrelated new ideas regarding the modeling of commonsense reasoning which are highly relevant to current research in AI and cognitive science and the ongoing methodological debate.

Author : Lisa Zimmer Hatch,Scott A. Hatch,Amy Hackney Blackwell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2014-02-14
Category : Study Aids
ISBN : 9781118678091

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LSAT For Dummies by Lisa Zimmer Hatch,Scott A. Hatch,Amy Hackney Blackwell Pdf

A detailed study guide that guarantees a high LSAT score If you thought you left standardized tests back in high school, think again. LSAT For Dummies, 2rd Edition is an all-inclusive study guide arming you with tips and know-how for your next career move. This updated edition includes three full-length practice tests, a review of foundational concepts for every section, thorough explanations, and additional practice problems for all question types. Whether you're taking the LSAT for the first time or the third time, this book will provide the guidance and skill set you need to obtain a score that reflects your abilities. Instead of facing the process alone, turn to the trusted For Dummies brand for proven test-taking strategies and ample practice opportunities. Ideal for those who want to break into this increasingly competitive field, in which a high score on the LSAT lends prospective lawyers an undeniable advantage Examines every topic and common pitfalls covered in the test, which consists of five 35-minutes sections of multiple-choice questions and a 35-minute writing sample For aspiring law school students, LSAT For Dummies is the most advantageous guide to increasing your score on a test that can make or break your legal aspirations.