Rural Poverty Growth And Inequality In China

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Rural Poverty, Growth, and Inequality in China

Author : Yangyang Shen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811696558

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Rural Poverty, Growth, and Inequality in China by Yangyang Shen Pdf

This book aims to empirically and theoretically study how the economic growth and inequality affected China’s rural poverty since China’s reform and opening-up. Apart from the trickle-down effect, some empirical researches show that rising inequality usually links with unfairly shared of the economic growth, which is not good for the poor, and this book particularly concerns with the impact of inequality on poverty reduction. In 11 chapters, it leads readers to review the dynamic changes of rural poverty in China, and estimates rural poverty by various methods, for instance, with analysis by monetary poverty (including income and expenditure poverty), multidimensional poverty, absolute poverty, and relative poverty. Especially attention is paid to apply the “growth-inequality-poverty triangle” model for long-term poverty dynamic changes evaluation. The book revisits poverty reduction strategies in different development periods for rural China and evaluates the poverty eradication achievements stage-by-stage under different analytical methods, in order to provide an objective assessment. Among the chapters, pro-poor growth, Shapley decomposition, poverty elasticity, density estimation, multidimensional poverty analysis, and policy simulation methods are applied for both national wide discussion and rural sub-group heterogeneity analysis. In addition to students, teachers, and researchers in the areas of development, economic growth, equity, and welfare, the book is also of great interest to policy makers, planners, and non‐government agencies who are concerned with understanding and addressing poverty-related issues in the developing countries.

Growth, Inequality, and Poverty in Rural China

Author : Shenggen Fan,Linxiu Zhang,Xiaobo Zhang
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780896291287

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Growth, Inequality, and Poverty in Rural China by Shenggen Fan,Linxiu Zhang,Xiaobo Zhang Pdf

Growth, inequality, and poverty; Public capital e investment; Concptual framework and model; Data, estimation, and results.

China's (uneven) Progress Against Poverty

Author : Shaohua Chen,Martin Ravallion
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 57 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : China
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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China's (uneven) Progress Against Poverty by Shaohua Chen,Martin Ravallion Pdf

"While the incidence of extreme poverty in China fell dramatically over 1980-2001, progress was uneven over time and across provinces. Rural areas accounted for the bulk of the gains to the poor, though migration to urban areas helped. The pattern of growth mattered. Rural economic growth was far more important to national poverty reduction than urban economic growth. Agriculture played a far more important role than the secondary or tertiary sources of GDP. Rising inequality within the rural sector greatly slowed poverty reduction. Provinces starting with relatively high inequality saw slower progress against poverty, due both to lower growth and a lower growth elasticity of poverty reduction. Taxation of farmers and inflation hurt the poor. External trade had little short-term impact. This paper a product of the Poverty Team, Development Research Group is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the causes of country success in poverty reduction"--World Bank web site.

The Impact of Remittances on Rural Poverty and Inequality in China

Author : Nong Zhu
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Access to Finance
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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The Impact of Remittances on Rural Poverty and Inequality in China by Nong Zhu Pdf

Abstract: Large numbers of agricultural labor moved from the countryside to cities after the economic reforms in China. Migration and remittances play an important role in transforming the structure of rural household income. This paper examines the impact of rural-to-urban migration on rural poverty and inequality in the case of Hubei province using the data of a 2002 household survey. Since remittances are a potential substitute for farm income, the paper presents counterfactual scenarios of what rural income, poverty, and inequality would have been in the absence of migration. The results show that, by providing alternatives to households with lower marginal labor productivity in agriculture, migration leads to an increase in rural income. In contrast to many studies that suggest the increasing share of non-farm income in total income widens inequality, this paper offers support for the hypothesis that migration tends to have egalitarian effects on rural income for three reasons: (i) migration is rational self-selection - farmers with higher agricultural productivities choose to remain in local agricultural production while those with higher expected return in urban non-farm sectors migrate; (ii) poorer households facing binding constraints of land shortage are more likely to migrate; and (iii) the poorest poor benefit disproportionately from remittances.

Understanding Inequality and Poverty in China

Author : G. Wan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2008-02-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780230584259

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Understanding Inequality and Poverty in China by G. Wan Pdf

This book explores trends of inequality and poverty in China, identifies their causes and assesses their consequences, analyzing in detail the regional/personal variation in incomes, measures of human wellbeing, the gap between the coastal regions and the interior regions, and urban–rural disparity.

Partially Awakened Giants

Author : Shubham Chaudhuri,Martin Ravallion
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Absolute Poverty
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Partially Awakened Giants by Shubham Chaudhuri,Martin Ravallion Pdf

Abstract: The paper examines the ways in which recent economic growth has been uneven in China and India and what this has meant for inequality and poverty. Drawing on analyses based on existing household survey data and aggregate data from official sources, the authors show that growth has indeed been uneven-geographically, sectorally, and at the household level-and that this has meant uneven progress against poverty, less poverty reduction than might have been achieved had growth been more balanced, and an increase in income inequality. The paper then examines why growth was uneven and why this should be of concern. The discussion is structured around the idea that there are both "good" and "bad" inequalities-drivers and dimensions of inequality and uneven growth that are good or bad in terms of what they imply for both equity and long-term growth and development. The authors argue that the development paths of both China and India have been influenced by, and have generated, both types of inequalities and that while good inequalities-most notably those that reflect the role of economic incentives-have been critical to the growth experience thus far, there is a risk that bad inequalities-those that prevent individuals from connecting to markets and limit investment and accumulation of human capital and physical capital-may undermine the sustainability of growth in the coming years. The authors argue that policies are needed that preserve the good inequalities-continued incentives for innovation and investment-but reduce the scope for bad ones, notably through investments in human capital and rural infrastructure that help the poor connect to markets.

Inequality and Poverty in China in the Age of Globalization

Author : Azizur Rahman Khan,Carl Riskin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2001-01-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780195350418

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Inequality and Poverty in China in the Age of Globalization by Azizur Rahman Khan,Carl Riskin Pdf

China's explosive economic growth since 1988 has not resulted in an equal increase of income among all Chinese citizens. The authors explore a range of reasons for the disparity and base their conclusions on strong empirical evidence--especially the 1996 survey conducted by the State Statistical Bureau.

Inequality and Growth in Modern China

Author : Guanghua Wan
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2008-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199535194

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Inequality and Growth in Modern China by Guanghua Wan Pdf

This volume provides comprehensive, up to date coverage of inequality and poverty issues in China. Going beyond standard data sources and using state-of-art research techniques, this volume substantiates a number of findings and conclusions and ensures policy recommendations are reliable and robust.

China's (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty

Author : Martin Ravallion,Shaohua Chen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:931678920

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China's (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty by Martin Ravallion,Shaohua Chen Pdf

While the incidence of extreme poverty in China fell dramatically over 1980-2001, progress was uneven over time and across provinces. Rural areas accounted for the bulk of the gains to the poor, though migration to urban areas helped. The pattern of growth mattered. Rural economic growth was far more important to national poverty reduction than urban economic growth. Agriculture played a far more important role than the secondary or tertiary sources of gross domestic product (GDP). Rising inequality within the rural sector greatly slowed poverty reduction. Provinces starting with relatively high inequality saw slower progress against poverty, due both to lower growth and a lower growth elasticity of poverty reduction. Taxation of farmers and inflation hurt the poor. External trade had little short-term impact.

China's (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty

Author : Martin Ravallion,Shaohua Chen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290702801

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China's (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty by Martin Ravallion,Shaohua Chen Pdf

While the incidence of extreme poverty in China fell dramatically over 1980-2001, progress was uneven over time and across provinces. Rural areas accounted for the bulk of the gains to the poor, though migration to urban areas helped. The pattern of growth mattered. Rural economic growth was far more important to national poverty reduction than urban economic growth. Agriculture played a far more important role than the secondary or tertiary sources of GDP. Rising inequality within the rural sector greatly slowed poverty reduction. Provinces starting with relatively high inequality saw slower progress against poverty, due both to lower growth and a lower growth elasticity of poverty reduction. Taxation of farmers and inflation hurt the poor. External trade had little short-term impact.This paper - a product of the Poverty Team, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the causes of country success in poverty reduction.

Road Development, Economic Growth, and Poverty Reduction in China

Author : Shenggen Fan,Connie Chan-Kang
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2005-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780896291416

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Road Development, Economic Growth, and Poverty Reduction in China by Shenggen Fan,Connie Chan-Kang Pdf

Since 1985, the Chinese government has given high priority to building roads, particularly high-quality roads that connect industrial centers. This report evaluates the contribution roads have made to poverty reduction and economic growth in China over the last two decades. It disaggregates road infrastructure into different classes to account for differences in their quality, and then estimates the impact of road investments on overall economic growth, agricultural growth, urban growth, urban poverty reduction, and rural poverty reduction. The report makes the case for a greater focus on low-quality and rural roads in future infrastructure investment strategies in China. It does so by showing how investing in low-quality and rural roads will generate larger marginal returns, raise more people out of poverty per yuan invested, and reduce regional development disparity more sharply than investing in high-quality roads. The study's findings will have considerable implications for China's infrastructure policy

Creating Wealth and Poverty in Postsocialist China

Author : Deborah Davis,Feng Wang
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780804759311

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Creating Wealth and Poverty in Postsocialist China by Deborah Davis,Feng Wang Pdf

Presents an up-to-date look at the social processes and consequences of China's rapid economic growth.

Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China

Author : World Bank;Development Research Center of the State Council, the People's Republic of China
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464818783

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Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China by World Bank;Development Research Center of the State Council, the People's Republic of China Pdf

Regardless of the poverty line used, the speed and scale of China’s poverty reduction is historically unprecedented. Over the past 40 years, the number of people in China with incomes below US$1.90 per day—the international poverty line as defined by the World Bank to track global extreme poverty—has fallen by close to 800 million, accounting for almost three-quarters of the global reduction in extreme poverty. In 2021, China declared that it had eradicated extreme poverty according to its national poverty threshold, and that it had built a “moderately prosperous society in all respects.†? However, a significant number of people remain vulnerable, with incomes below a threshold more typically used to define poverty in upper-middle-income countries. China has set a new goal of approaching common prosperity by 2035, which can help keep the policy focus on the vulnerable population. Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China: Drivers, Insights for the World, and the Way Ahead explores the key drivers of China’s poverty alleviation achievements and considers the lessons of China’s experience for other developing countries. The report also makes suggestions for China’s future policies. China’s approach to poverty reduction was based on two pillars. The first aimed for broad-based economic transformation to open new economic opportunities and raise average incomes. The second was the recognition that targeted support was needed to alleviate persistent poverty; this support was initially provided to disadvantaged areas and later to individual households. The success of China’s economic development and the associated reduction of poverty also benefited from effective governance, which helped coordinate multiple government agencies and induce cooperation from nongovernment stakeholders. To illustrate the role of broad-based economic transformation for poverty alleviation, separate sections of the report analyze growing agricultural productivity, incremental industrialization, managed urbanization and rural-to-urban migration, and the role of infrastructure.

Economic Growth, Income Distribution and Poverty Reduction in Contemporary China

Author : Shujie Yao
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2004-11-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134321414

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Economic Growth, Income Distribution and Poverty Reduction in Contemporary China by Shujie Yao Pdf

Yao reviews the economic development history of contemporary China from 1949 up to today, paying special attention to the interface among growth, inequality and poverty reduction.

Public Works and Poverty Alleviation in Rural China

Author : Ling Zhu
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1560723955

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Public Works and Poverty Alleviation in Rural China by Ling Zhu Pdf

Poverty alleviation is a common issue facing the majority of the Third World countries. Since the 1970s, the fact that the number of the poor in some developing countries has increased together with the fact that economic growth has aroused widespread concern of the international community. Therefore, development economics stressed the trade-off between "efficiency" and "equity" under special circumstances and clearly differentiated the concept of "growth" from "development." From then on, how to alleviate and eliminate poverty while pursuing economic growth became a development issue. At present, poverty in China is manifested as regional poverty in the rural society. Unlike the countries which allow free migration of population, the poor of China are concentrated in rural areas. This study focuses on the examination of the role of "Yigong-daizhen" projects in poverty alleviation.