Russia Ukraine And The Breakup Of The Soviet Union

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Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union

Roman Szporluk
Russia Ukraine and the Breakup of the Soviet Union Book PDF

Author : Roman Szporluk
Publisher : Hoover Press
Page : 553 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780817995430

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Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union by Roman Szporluk Pdf

This book chronicles the final two decades in the history of the Soviet Union and presents a story that is often lost in the standard interpretations of the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the USSR. Although there were numerous reasons for the collapse of communism, it did not happen—as it may have seemed to some—overnight. Indeed, says Roman Szporluk, the root causes go back even earlier than 1917. To understand why the USSR broke up the way it did, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the two most important nations of the USSR—Russia and Ukraine—during the Soviet period and before, as well as the parallel but interrelated processes of nation formation in both states. Szporluk details a number of often-overlooked factors leading to the USSR's fall: how the processes of Russian identity formation were not completed by the time of the communist takeover in 1917, the unification of Ukraine in 1939–1945, and the Soviet period failing to find a resolution of the question of Russian-Ukrainian relations. The present-day conflict in the Caucasus, he asserts, is a sign that the problems of Russian identity remain.

Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union

Roman Szporluk
Russia Ukraine and the Breakup of the Soviet Union Book PDF

Author : Roman Szporluk
Publisher : Hoover Press
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : History
ISBN : 0817995439

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Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union by Roman Szporluk Pdf

This book chronicles the final two decades in the history of the Soviet Union and presents a story that is often lost in the standard interpretations of the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the USSR. Although there were numerous reasons for the collapse of communism, it did not happen—as it may have seemed to some—overnight. Indeed, says Roman Szporluk, the root causes go back even earlier than 1917. To understand why the USSR broke up the way it did, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the two most important nations of the USSR—Russia and Ukraine—during the Soviet period and before, as well as the parallel but interrelated processes of nation formation in both states. Szporluk details a number of often-overlooked factors leading to the USSR's fall: how the processes of Russian identity formation were not completed by the time of the communist takeover in 1917, the unification of Ukraine in 1939–1945, and the Soviet period failing to find a resolution of the question of Russian-Ukrainian relations. The present-day conflict in the Caucasus, he asserts, is a sign that the problems of Russian identity remain.

Collapse

Vladislav M. Zubok
Collapse Book PDF

Author : Vladislav M. Zubok
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780300262445

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Collapse by Vladislav M. Zubok Pdf

A major study of the collapse of the Soviet Union—showing how Gorbachev’s misguided reforms led to its demise “A deeply informed account of how the Soviet Union fell apart.”—Rodric Braithwaite, Financial Times “[A] masterly analysis.”—Joshua Rubenstein, Wall Street Journal In 1945 the Soviet Union controlled half of Europe and was a founding member of the United Nations. By 1991, it had an army four million strong with five thousand nuclear-tipped missiles and was the second biggest producer of oil in the world. But soon afterward the union sank into an economic crisis and was torn apart by nationalist separatism. Its collapse was one of the seismic shifts of the twentieth century. Thirty years on, Vladislav Zubok offers a major reinterpretation of the final years of the USSR, refuting the notion that the breakup of the Soviet order was inevitable. Instead, Zubok reveals how Gorbachev’s misguided reforms, intended to modernize and democratize the Soviet Union, deprived the government of resources and empowered separatism. Collapse sheds new light on Russian democratic populism, the Baltic struggle for independence, the crisis of Soviet finances—and the fragility of authoritarian state power.

Dissolution

Edward W. Walker
Dissolution Book PDF

Author : Edward W. Walker
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 0742524531

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Dissolution by Edward W. Walker Pdf

In December 1991, the Soviet Union passed into history as a legal entity, breaking apart into15 successor states. This clear and convincing book explains why. Walker argues against much of the conventional wisdom and scholarly literature on the breakup, which emphasizes what he calls the 'demand side' of the problem, or the role of nationalist mobilization and the rise of separatist aspirations in the USSR's union republics. He points out that support for dissolution was limited to a handful of republics that included only a small portion of the Soviet population. Instead, the author highlights the critical role played by the USSR's ethno-federal system, as well as the normative claims and legitimizing myths of Soviet nationality policy. These institutions and myths empowered the anti-union opposition even in those union republics where they had limited support, and they help account for the highly ineffective strategy that Gorbachev adopted to overcome the USSR's 'nationality crisis.' Walker also shows how confusion over the meaning of some of the key terms of Soviet political discourse during perestroika-particularly 'sovereignty' but also 'union, ' 'federation, ' 'confederation, ' and 'independence'-contributed to a 'fog of war' that helped bring about the full disintegration of the USSR, an outcome that surprisingly few desir

The Last Empire

Serhii Plokhy
The Last Empire Book PDF

Author : Serhii Plokhy
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-09-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780465097920

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The Last Empire by Serhii Plokhy Pdf

On Christmas Day, 1991, President George H. W. Bush addressed the nation to declare an American victory in the Cold War: earlier that day Mikhail Gorbachev had resigned as the first and last Soviet president. The enshrining of that narrative, one in which the end of the Cold War was linked to the disintegration of the Soviet Union and the triumph of democratic values over communism, took center stage in American public discourse immediately after Bush's speech and has persisted for decades -- with disastrous consequences for American standing in the world. As prize-winning historian Serhii Plokhy reveals in The Last Empire, the collapse of the Soviet Union was anything but the handiwork of the United States. On the contrary, American leaders dreaded the possibility that the Soviet Union -- weakened by infighting and economic turmoil -- might suddenly crumble, throwing all of Eurasia into chaos. Bush was firmly committed to supporting his ally and personal friend Gorbachev, and remained wary of nationalist or radical leaders such as recently elected Russian President Boris Yeltsin. Fearing what might happen to the large Soviet nuclear arsenal in the event of the union's collapse, Bush stood by Gorbachev as he resisted the growing independence movements in Ukraine, Moldova, and the Caucasus. Plokhy's detailed, authoritative account shows that it was only after the movement for independence of the republics had gained undeniable momentum on the eve of the Ukrainian vote for independence that fall that Bush finally abandoned Gorbachev to his fate. Drawing on recently declassified documents and original interviews with key participants, Plokhy presents a bold new interpretation of the Soviet Union's final months and argues that the key to the Soviet collapse was the inability of the two largest Soviet republics, Russia and Ukraine, to agree on the continuing existence of a unified state. By attributing the Soviet collapse to the impact of American actions, US policy makers overrated their own capacities in toppling and rebuilding foreign regimes. Not only was the key American role in the demise of the Soviet Union a myth, but this misplaced belief has guided -- and haunted -- American foreign policy ever since.

The Piratization of Russia

Marshall I. Goldman
The Piratization of Russia Book PDF

Author : Marshall I. Goldman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2003-04-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134376841

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The Piratization of Russia by Marshall I. Goldman Pdf

In 1991, a small group of Russians emerged from the collapse of the Soviet Union and enjoyed one of the greatest transfers of wealth ever seen, claiming ownership of some of the most valuable petroleum, natural gas and metal deposits in the world. By 1997, five of those individuals were on Forbes Magazine's list of the world's richest billionaires.

Crises in the Post-Soviet Space

Felix Jaitner,Tina Olteanu,Tobias Spöri
Crises in the Post Soviet Space Book PDF

Author : Felix Jaitner,Tina Olteanu,Tobias Spöri
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1032095369

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Crises in the Post-Soviet Space by Felix Jaitner,Tina Olteanu,Tobias Spöri Pdf

This book explains the instability and conflict-prone nature of the Soviet Union's successor states by scrutinizing their post-independence history and linking it to the emergence of overlapping economic, political and military crises.

The Breakup of the Soviet Union

William Barbour,Carol Wekesser
The Breakup of the Soviet Union Book PDF

Author : William Barbour,Carol Wekesser
Publisher : Greenhaven Press, Incorporated
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:49015002046259

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The Breakup of the Soviet Union by William Barbour,Carol Wekesser Pdf

A collection of articles debating issues related to the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the future of the region, and America's foreign policy there.

Ukraine and Russia

Paul D'Anieri
Ukraine and Russia Book PDF

Author : Paul D'Anieri
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2023-04-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781009315500

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Ukraine and Russia by Paul D'Anieri Pdf

Fully revised and updated, this book explores the long-term dynamics of international conflict between Ukraine, Russia and the West, revealing the historic background to the invasion of Ukraine.

The Collapse of Communism and the Breakup of the Soviet Union

Cathleen Small
The Collapse of Communism and the Breakup of the Soviet Union Book PDF

Author : Cathleen Small
Publisher : Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781502627285

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The Collapse of Communism and the Breakup of the Soviet Union by Cathleen Small Pdf

When the Soviet Union disintegrated into independent countries, the West hailed the collapse as a victory for democracy. The dismantling of the Soviet Union as the centralized economic system required the separate countries to establish their own economies, assemble political structures, and reconcile territorial issues. As a result of the disintegration, many peripheral wars have ensued. This book looks at the transformation of politics throughout the world as new military and economic alliances were established after the Soviet Union’s breakup.

Reagan and Gorbachev

Jack Matlock
Reagan and Gorbachev Book PDF

Author : Jack Matlock
Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2005-11-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780812974898

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Reagan and Gorbachev by Jack Matlock Pdf

“[Matlock’s] account of Reagan’s achievement as the nation’s diplomat in chief is a public service.”—The New York Times Book Review “Engrossing . . . authoritative . . . a detailed and reliable narrative that future historians will be able to draw on to illuminate one of the most dramatic periods in modern history.”—Los Angeles Times Book Review In Reagan and Gorbachev, Jack F. Matlock, Jr., a former U.S. ambassador to the U.S.S.R. and principal adviser to Ronald Reagan on Soviet and European affairs, gives an eyewitness account of how the Cold War ended. Working from his own papers, recent interviews with major figures, and unparalleled access to the best and latest sources, Matlock offers an insider’s perspective on a diplomatic campaign far more sophisticated than previously thought, waged by two leaders of surpassing vision. Matlock details how Reagan privately pursued improved U.S.-U.S.S.R. relations even while engaging in public saber rattling. When Gorbachev assumed leadership, however, Reagan and his advisers found a willing partner in peace. Matlock shows how both leaders took risks that yielded great rewards and offers unprecedented insight into the often cordial working relationship between Reagan and Gorbachev. Both epic and intimate, Reagan and Gorbachev will be the standard reference on the end of the Cold War, a work that is critical to our understanding of the present and the past.

Collapse

Vladislav M. Zubok
Collapse Book PDF

Author : Vladislav M. Zubok
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2021-11-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780300257304

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Collapse by Vladislav M. Zubok Pdf

A major study of the collapse of the Soviet Union--showing how Gorbachev's misguided reforms led to its demise In 1945 the Soviet Union controlled half of Europe and was a founding member of the United Nations. By 1991, it had an army four-million strong, five-thousand nuclear-tipped missiles, and was the second biggest producer of oil in the world. But soon afterward the union sank into an economic crisis and was torn apart by nationalist separatism. Its collapse was one of the seismic shifts of the twentieth century. Thirty years on, Vladislav Zubok offers a major reinterpretation of the final years of the USSR, refuting the notion that the breakup of the Soviet order was inevitable. Instead, Zubok reveals how Gorbachev's misguided reforms, intended to modernize and democratize the Soviet Union, deprived the government of resources and empowered separatism. Collapse sheds new light on Russian democratic populism, the Baltic struggle for independence, the crisis of Soviet finances--and the fragility of authoritarian state power.

The Soviet Nuclear Weapon Legacy

Marco De Andreis,Francesco Calogero
The Soviet Nuclear Weapon Legacy Book PDF

Author : Marco De Andreis,Francesco Calogero
Publisher : SIPRI Research Reports
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : History
ISBN : 0198291973

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The Soviet Nuclear Weapon Legacy by Marco De Andreis,Francesco Calogero Pdf

The breakup of the Soviet Union left a cold war nuclear legacy consisting of tens of thousands of nuclear weapons and a sprawling infrastructure for their production and maintenance. This book examines the fate of this vast nuclear weapon complex and the unprecedented non-proliferation challenges associated with the breakup of a nuclear weapon state. It describes the high-level diplomatic bargaining efforts to consolidate in Russia the nuclear weapons based in newly independent Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine and to strengthen central control over these weapons. It surveys the problems associated with dismantling nuclear weapons and the difficulties involved in safely storing and disposing of large stockpiles of fissile material. It reviews the key provisions of the principal nuclear arms control measures and initiatives, including the START I and START II treaties. Finally, the book assesses the contribution of international assistance programmes to the denuclearization process under way in the former Soviet Union.

Yalta

S. M. Plokhy
Yalta Book PDF

Author : S. M. Plokhy
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 587 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9781101189924

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Yalta by S. M. Plokhy Pdf

A major new history of the eight days in February 1945 when FDR, Churchill, and Stalin decided the fate of the world Imagine you could eavesdrop on a dinner party with three of the most fascinating historical figures of all time. In this landmark book, a gifted Harvard historian puts you in the room with Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt as they meet at a climactic turning point in the war to hash out the terms of the peace. The ink wasn't dry when the recriminations began. The conservatives who hated Roosevelt's New Deal accused him of selling out. Was he too sick? Did he give too much in exchange for Stalin's promise to join the war against Japan? Could he have done better in Eastern Europe? Both Left and Right would blame Yalta for beginning the Cold War. Plokhy's conclusions, based on unprecedented archival research, are surprising. He goes against conventional wisdom-cemented during the Cold War- and argues that an ailing Roosevelt did better than we think. Much has been made of FDR's handling of the Depression; here we see him as wartime chief. Yalta is authoritative, original, vividly- written narrative history, and is sure to appeal to fans of Margaret MacMillan's bestseller Paris 1919.

West-Russia Relations in Light of the Ukraine Crisis

Riccardo Alcaro
West Russia Relations in Light of the Ukraine Crisis Book PDF

Author : Riccardo Alcaro
Publisher : Edizioni Nuova Cultura
Page : 88 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9788868124649

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West-Russia Relations in Light of the Ukraine Crisis by Riccardo Alcaro Pdf

In light of Russia’s annexation of Crimea and destabilization of Ukraine, West-Russia relations have so dramatically deteriorated that talk of a new Cold War has become routine. NATO’s role in Europe is again in the spotlight, with experts and policymakers pondering whether the Alliance needs to go back to its historical roots and re-calibrate itself as an instrument of defence from and containment of Russia. At the same time, cooperation between Russia and the West has not collapsed altogether coordinate on issues such as Iran’s nuclear programme. Clearly, tensions over Ukraine are so strong that the risk of a breakdown in relations cannot be ruled out. The contributions to this volume, the result of an international conference jointly organized by the Istituto Affari Internazionali and the Center on the United States and Europe at Brookings, analyze the dramatic shift in Europe’s strategic context and explore the question of whether Russia and the West can contain tensions, manage competition, and keep cooperating on issues of mutual concern.