Safe On Mars

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 65 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2002-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309084260

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Safe on Mars by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars Pdf

This study, commissioned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), examines the role of robotic exploration missions in assessing the risks to the first human missions to Mars. Only those hazards arising from exposure to environmental, chemical, and biological agents on the planet are assessed. To ensure that it was including all previously identified hazards in its study, the Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars referred to the most recent report from NASA's Mars Exploration Program/ Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG) (Greeley, 2001). The committee concluded that the requirements identified in the present NRC report are indeed the only ones essential for NASA to pursue in order to mitigate potential hazards to the first human missions to Mars.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 65 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2002-05-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309169592

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Safe on Mars by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars Pdf

This study, commissioned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), examines the role of robotic exploration missions in assessing the risks to the first human missions to Mars. Only those hazards arising from exposure to environmental, chemical, and biological agents on the planet are assessed. To ensure that it was including all previously identified hazards in its study, the Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars referred to the most recent report from NASA's Mars Exploration Program/ Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG) (Greeley, 2001). The committee concluded that the requirements identified in the present NRC report are indeed the only ones essential for NASA to pursue in order to mitigate potential hazards to the first human missions to Mars.

Author : Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Space Studies Board,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2002-06-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 030908654X

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Safe on Mars by Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Space Studies Board,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Research Council Pdf

This Web site is an electronic version of a study report written in 2002 that examines the role of robotic exploration missions in assessing the risks to the first human missions to Mars. Visitors are taught that current science rover activities do not provide an adequate research base for the development of rovers needed for the human exploration of Mars. Come and explore what changes need to be made and why.

Author : Rand Simberg
Publisher : Interglobal Media LLC
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780989135528

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Safe Is Not An Option by Rand Simberg Pdf

The history of exploration and establishment of new lands, science and technologies has always entailed risk to the health and lives of the explorers. Yet, when it comes to exploring and developing the high frontier of space, the harshest frontier ever, the highest value is apparently not the accomplishment of those goals, but of minimizing, if not eliminating, the possibility of injury or death of the humans carrying them out. For decades since the end of Apollo, human spaceflight has been very expensive and relatively rare (about 500 people total, with a death rate of about 4%), largely because of this risk aversion on the part of the federal government and culture. From the Space Shuttle, to the International Space Station, the new commercial crew program to deliver astronauts to it, and the regulatory approach for commercial spaceflight providers, our attitude toward safety has been fundamentally irrational, expensive and even dangerous, while generating minimal accomplishment for maximal cost. This book entertainingly explains why this means that we must regulate passenger safety in the new commercial spaceflight industry with a lighter hand than many might instinctively prefer, that NASA must more carefully evaluate rewards from a planned mission to rationally determine how much should be spent to avoid the loss of participants, and that Congress must stop insisting that safety is the highest priority, for such insistence is an eloquent testament to how unimportant they and the nation consider the opening of this new

Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2005-02-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309165297

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Frontiers of Engineering by National Academy of Engineering Pdf

This volume includes 14 papers from the National Academy of Engineering's Tenth Annual U.S. Frontiers of Engineering Symposium held in September 2004. The U.S. Frontiers meeting brings together 100 outstanding engineers (ages 30-45) to learn from their peers and discuss leading-edge technologies in a range of fields. The 2004 symposium covered these four areas: engineering for extreme environments, designer materials, multiscale modeling, and engineering and entertainment. Papers in the book cover topics such as scalable mobile robots for deployment in polar climates, the challenges of landing on Mars, thin-film active materials, vascular tissue engineering, small-scale processes and large-scale simulations of the climate system, simulating physically accurate illumination in computer graphics, and designing socially intelligent robots, among others. Appendixes include information about the contributors, the symposium program, and a list of the meeting participants. The book is the tenth in a series covering the topics of the U.S. Frontiers of Engineering meetings.

Author : Joel S. Levine,Russell L. Kerschmann,Daniel Winterhalter
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781527519152

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Dust in the Atmosphere of Mars and its Impact on Human Exploration by Joel S. Levine,Russell L. Kerschmann,Daniel Winterhalter Pdf

A major surprise of the Apollo Moon missions was the deleterious impact of lunar dust on the astronauts, their spacesuits and other equipment, and even inside the Command/Service Module during their return to Earth. Lunar dust permeated everything and impacted mechanical systems. The dust on the Moon’s surface was disturbed and became airborne by the routine actions of the astronauts as they walked and performed their exploration of the lunar surface. Over the last decade, as NASA’s plans for the human exploration of Mars have developed and matured, a major concern has been the possible negative impacts of Mars surface and atmospheric dust on human health and on the human surface systems and surface operations on the Red Planet. In this book, 41 Mars scientists, mission engineers and planners and medical researchers have reviewed our current understanding and identified the knowledge gaps in a wide range of areas, including the chemical, physical and electrical properties of Mars atmospheric dust; the evolution and occurrence of localized, regional and planetary-scale dust storms; the human health effects of Mars atmospheric dust, including inhalation of and potential toxicity of dust particles; and the impact of Mars atmospheric dust on surface systems and on surface operations, among others.

Author : Paul Magrs
Publisher : Firefly Press
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-15
Category : Juvenile Fiction
ISBN : 9781910080597

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The Heart of Mars by Paul Magrs Pdf

After trekking the Martian deserts and battling against many dangers, Lora and Peter bravely set off to find the Ancient Heart of Mars and rescue Ma and Hannah. But warned by Sook, Lora discovers that the Ancients, who seem friendly, are actually the group mind of the burning heart of Mars itself. They have been disturbed by the human settlers ... and they want the ten Earth starships for themselves. Can their allies reach them in time? Or does Toaster, Lora's faithful walking talking sunbed have the answers that may yet save them all...?

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2006-04-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309097246

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Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars Pdf

Recent spacecraft and robotic probes to Mars have yielded data that are changing our understanding significantly about the possibility of existing or past life on that planet. Coupled with advances in biology and life-detection techniques, these developments place increasing importance on the need to protect Mars from contamination by Earth-borne organisms. To help with this effort, NASA requested that the NRC examine existing planetary protection measures for Mars and recommend changes and further research to improve such measures. This report discusses policies, requirements, and techniques to protect Mars from organisms originating on Earth that could interfere with scientific investigations. It provides recommendations on cleanliness and biological burden levels of Mars-bound spacecraft, methods to reach those levels, and research to reduce uncertainties in preventing forward contamination of Mars.

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2016-02-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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NASA's Journey to Mars: Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration by National Aeronautics and Space Administration Pdf

This document communicates NASA’s strategy and progress to learn about the Red Planet, to inform us more about our Earth’s past and future, and may help answer whether life exists beyond our home planet. Together with NASA’s partners in academia and commercial enterprises, NASA’s vision is to pioneer Mars and answer some of humanity’s fundamental questions: • Was Mars home to microbial life? Is it today? • Could it be a safe home for humans one day? • What can it teach us about life elsewhere in the cosmos or how life began on Earth? • What can it teach us about Earth’s past, present, and future?

Author : Kevin Emerson
Publisher : HarperCollins
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-14
Category : Juvenile Fiction
ISBN : 9780062306739

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Last Day on Mars by Kevin Emerson Pdf

“Last Day on Mars is thrillingly ambitious and imaginative. Like a lovechild of Gravity and The Martian, it's a rousing space opera for any age, meticulously researched and relentlessly paced, that balances action, science, humor, and most importantly, two compelling main characters in Liam and Phoebe. A fantastic start to an epic new series.” —Soman Chainani, New York Times bestselling author of the School for Good and Evil series “Emerson's writing explodes off the page in this irresistible space adventure, filled with startling plot twists, diabolical aliens, and (my favorite!) courageous young heroes faced with an impossible task.” —Lisa McMann, New York Times bestselling author of the Unwanteds series It is Earth year 2213—but, of course, there is no Earth anymore. Not since it was burned to a cinder by the sun, which has mysteriously begun the process of going supernova. The human race has fled to Mars, but this was only a temporary solution while we have prepared for a second trip: a one-hundred-fifty-year journey to a distant star, our best guess at where we might find a new home. Liam Saunders-Chang is one of the last humans left on Mars. The son of two scientists who have been racing against time to create technology vital to humanity’s survival, Liam, along with his friend Phoebe, will be on the last starliner to depart before Mars, like Earth before it, is destroyed. Or so he thinks. Because before this day is over, Liam and Phoebe will make a series of profound discoveries about the nature of time and space and find out that the human race is just one of many in our universe locked in a dangerous struggle for survival.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2002-05-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309075718

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The Quarantine and Certification of Martian Samples by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration Pdf

One of the highest-priority activities in the planetary sciences identified in published reports of the Space Studies Board's Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (COMPLEX) and in reports of other advisory groups is the collection and return of extraterrestrial samples to Earth for study in terrestrial laboratories. In response to recommendations made in such studies, NASA has initiated a vigorous program that will, within the next decade, collect samples from a variety of solar system environments. In particular the Mars Exploration Program is expected to launch spacecraft that are designed to collect samples of martian soil, rocks, and atmosphere and return them to Earth, perhaps as early as 2015. International treaty obligations mandate that NASA conduct such a program in a manner that avoids the cross-contamination of both Earth and Mars. The Space Studies Board's 1997 report Mars Sample Return: Issues and Recommendations examined many of the planetary-protection issues concerning the back contamination of Earth and concluded that, although the probability that martian samples will contain dangerous biota is small, it is not zero.1 Steps must be taken to protect Earth against the remote possibility of contamination by life forms that may have evolved on Mars. Similarly, the samples, collected at great expense, must be protected against contamination by terrestrial biota and other matter. Almost certainly, meeting these requirements will entail opening the sample-return container in an appropriate facility on Earth-presumably a BSL-4 laboratory-where testing, biosafety certification, and quarantine of the samples will be carried out before aliquots are released to the scientific community for study in existing laboratory facilities. The nature of the required quarantine facility, and the decisions required for disposition of samples once they are in it, were regarded as issues of sufficient importance and complexity to warrant a study by the Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (COMPLEX) in isolation from other topics. (Previous studies have been much broader, including also consideration of the mission that collects samples on Mars and brings them to Earth, atmospheric entry, sample recovery, and transport to the quarantine facility.) The charge to COMPLEX stated that the central question to be addressed in this study is the following: What are the criteria that must be satisfied before martian samples can be released from a quarantine facility?

Author : V. G. Perminov
Publisher : Franklin Classics Trade Press
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-11
Category : History
ISBN : 0353299626

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The Difficult Road to Mars: A Brief History of Mars Exploration in the Soviet Union by V. G. Perminov Pdf

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author : Adam Steltzner,William Patrick
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2016-01-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780698144750

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The Right Kind of Crazy by Adam Steltzner,William Patrick Pdf

From Adam Steltzner, who led the Entry, Descent, and Landing team in landing the Curiosity rover on the surface of Mars, comes a profound book about breakthrough innovation in the face of the impossible The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is home to some of history’s most jaw-dropping feats of engineering. When NASA needed to land Curiosity—a 2,000-pound, $2.5 billion rover—on the surface of Mars, 140 million miles away, they turned to JPL. Steltzner’s team couldn’t test their kooky solution, the Sky Crane. They were on an unmissable deadline, and the world would be watching when they succeeded—or failed. At the helm of this effort was an unlikely rocket scientist and accidental leader, Adam Steltzner. After barely graduating from high school, he followed his curiosity to the local community college to find out why the stars moved. Soon he discovered an astonishing gift for math and physics. After getting his Ph.D. he ensconced himself within JPL, NASA’s decidedly unbureaucratic cousin, where success in a mission is the only metric that matters. The Right Kind of Crazy is a first-person account of innovation that is relevant to any­one working in science, art, or technology. For instance, Steltzner describes: ·How his team learned to switch from fear-based to curiosity-based decision making ·How to escape “The Dark Room”—the creative block caused by fear, uncertainty, and the lack of a clear path forward ·How to tell when we’re too in love with our own ideas to be objective about them—and, conversely, when to fight for them ·How to foster mutual respect within teams while still bashing bad ideas The Right Kind of Crazy is a book for anyone who wants to channel their craziness into creativity, balance discord and harmony, and find a signal in a flood of noise.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1963
Category : Mars (Planet)
ISBN : UIUC:30112106597500

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Experiments from a Small Probe which Enters the Atmosphere of Mars by Anonim Pdf

Author : Kettly Mars
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-01
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9780803271487

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Savage Seasons by Kettly Mars Pdf

"Savage Seasons recounts a woman's efforts to free her husband, a journalist arrested by the brutal regime of the Haitian government in the 1960s"--