Saviour Gods And Soteria In Ancient Greece

Author : Theodora Suk Fong Jim
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : History
ISBN : 9780192894113

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Saviour Gods and Soteria in Ancient Greece by Theodora Suk Fong Jim Pdf

From the Archaic to the Roman imperial period, an impressive number of gods and goddesses are attested in the Greek world under the titles of Soter and Soteira ('Saviour'). Overseeing the protection of individuals and cities, these gods had the power to grant an essential blessing - soteria ('deliverance', 'preservation', 'safety'). This book investigates what it meant to be 'saved' and the underlying concept of soteria in ancient Greece. It challenges the prevailing assumption that soteria was a predominantly Christian concern, and demonstrates instead its centrality and significance in the relationship between the Greeks and their gods. This book focuses on the power of 'saviour' gods in the life of the Greeks, how worshippers searched for soteria as they confronted the unknown and unknowable, and what this can reveal about the religious beliefs, hopes, and anxieties of the Greeks. It goes beyond religious vocabulary and cult epithets to investigate worshippers' thought world and lived experience, the different choices individuals made among the plurality of gods in the Greek pantheon, the multiple levels on which divine 'saviours' operated, and the values attached to the Greek notion of soteria. Building on existing paradigms in the study of Greek polytheism, and combining close analysis of epigraphic, literary and material evidence, this book argues that soteria for the Greeks entailed a very different experience from the Christian, eschatological notion of 'salvation', and that what was offered was 'salvation' on earth.

Author : Suk Fong Jim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Civilization, Classical
ISBN : 0191915246

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Saviour Gods and Soteria in Ancient Greece by Suk Fong Jim Pdf

This text investigates what it meant to be 'saved' and the underlying concept of soteria in ancient Greece. It challenges the prevailing assumption that soteria was a predominantly Christian concern, and demonstrates instead its centrality and significance in the relationship between the Greeks and their gods.

Author : Alaya Palamidis,Corinne Bonnet
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 896 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2024-03-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9783111326511

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What's in a Divine Name? by Alaya Palamidis,Corinne Bonnet Pdf

Divine Names are a key component in the communication between humans and gods in Antiquity. Their complexity derives not only from the impressive number of onomastic elements available to describe and target specific divine powers, but also from their capacity to be combined within distinctive configurations of gods. The volume collects 36 essays pertaining to many different contexts - Egypt, Anatolia, Levant, Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome - which address the multiple functions and wide scope of divine onomastics. Scrutinized in a diachronic and comparative perspective, divine names shed light on how polytheisms and monotheisms work as complex systems of divine and human agents embedded in an historical framework. Names imply knowledge and play a decisive role in rituals; they move between cities and regions, and can be translated; they interact with images and reflect the intrinsic plurality of divine beings. This vivid exploration of divine names pays attention to the balance between tradition and innovation, flexibility and constraints, to the material and conceptual parameters of onomastic practices, to cross-cultural contexts and local idiosyncrasies, in a word to human strategies for shaping the gods through their names.

Author : Gilbert Murray,Sallustius
Publisher : Library of Alexandria
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1925-01-01
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781465535566

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Five Stages of Greek Religion by Gilbert Murray,Sallustius Pdf

Author : E. M. Berens
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9781627930093

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Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome by E. M. Berens Pdf

Before entering upon the many strange beliefs of the ancient Greeks, and the extraordinary number of gods they worshipped, we must first consider what kind of beings these divinities were. In appearance, the gods were supposed to resemble mortals, whom, however, they far surpassed in beauty, grandeur, and strength; they were also more commanding in stature, height being considered by the Greeks an attribute of beauty in man or woman. They resembled human beings in their feelings and habits, intermarrying and having children, and requiring daily nourishment to recruit their strength, and refreshing sleep to restore their energies. Their blood, a bright ethereal fluid called Ichor, never engendered disease, and, when shed, had the power of producing new life.

Author : Patrick Auerbach
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-08
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1545226482

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Ancient Greece by Patrick Auerbach Pdf

About 2,500 years ago, Greece was one of the most important places in the ancient world. The Greeks were great thinkers, warriors, writers, actors, athletes, artists, architects and politicians. The Greeks called themselves 'Hellenes' and their land was 'Hellas'. The name 'Greeks' was given to the people of Greece later by the Romans. They lived in mainland Greece and the Greek islands, but also in colonies scattered around the Mediterranean Sea. There were Greeks in Italy, Sicily, Turkey, North Africa, and as far west as France. They sailed the sea to trade and find new lands. The Greeks took their ideas with them and they started a way of life that's similar to the one we have today. There was never one country called 'ancient Greece'. Instead, Greece was divided up into small 'city-states', like Athens, Sparta, Corinth and Olympia. Greek Gods The ancient Greeks believed there were a great number of gods and goddesses. These gods had control over many different aspects of life on earth. In many ways they were very human. They could be kind or mean, angry or pleasant, cruel or loving. They fell in love with each other, argued with each other and even stole from each other. Spartans Proud Xerxes, Emperor of Persia and King of Kings, invades Greece with a million soldiers. He commands thousands of ships and is supported by dozens of allies, among them the charming Queen Artemisia. At Thermopylae, a rocky mountain pass in northern Greece, the feared and admired Spartan soldiers stood three hundred strong. Theirs was a suicide mission, to hold the pass against the invading millions of the mighty Persian army. Day after bloody day they withstood the terrible onslaught, buying time for the Greeks to rally their forces. Born into a cult of spiritual courage, physical endurance, and unmatched battle skill, the Spartans would be remembered for the greatest military stand in history. One that would not end until the rocks were awash with blood, leaving only one gravely injured Spartan squire to tell the tale. Greek Mythology Greek Mythology is the body of myths and teachings that belong to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. It was a part of the religion in ancient Greece. The Greeks were polytheistic in their religious beliefs. Polytheistic means they believed in and worshiped many different gods. Modern scholars refer to and study the myths in an attempt to shed light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece and its civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself. Trojan Horse The story of the Trojan War, fought between Greeks and the defenders of the city of Troy in Anatolia sometime in the late Bronze Age, has grabbed the imagination for millennia. A conflict between Mycenaeans and Hittites may well have occurred, but its representation in epic literature such as Homer's Iliad is almost certainly more myth than reality. Nevertheless, it has defined and shaped the way ancient Greek culture has been viewed right up to the 21st century CE. The story of gods and heroic warriors is perhaps one of the richest single surviving sources from antiquity and offers insights into the warfare, religion, customs, and attitudes of the ancient Greeks. Scroll to the top of the page and click Add To Cart to read more about this extraordinary forgotten chapter of history

Author : Charles River Charles River Editors,Andrew Scott
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1546456961

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Poseidon by Charles River Charles River Editors,Andrew Scott Pdf

*Includes pictures *Includes ancient accounts of Poseidon *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "I begin to sing about Poseidon, the great god, mover of the earth and fruitless sea, god of the deep who is also lord of Helicon and wide Aegae. A two-fold office the gods allotted you, O Shaker of the Earth, to be a tamer of horses and a savior of ships! Hail, Poseidon, Holder of the Earth, dark-haired lord! O blessed one, be kindly in heart and help those who voyage in ships!" = Homeric Hymn to Poseidon Poseidon is one of the most easily recognizable characters in all of ancient Greek mythology. His signature trident is iconic; one sight of it invariably floods the modern mind with images of aquatic chariots and daunting typhoons. But there is so much more to the character of Poseidon than maritime denizens and disasters, which shouldn't really come as a surprise. Poseidon was one of the most revered gods of the ancient Mediterranean for centuries - if not millennia - and that kind of reverence brings with it the layering of myths, rituals, and history like the strata of sediments on a river bed. The idea of a god like Poseidon being only the god of the sea is too minimalistic and too reductionist to come anywhere near the truth of how an ancient worshipper may have pictured him in her prayers. In Aristophanes's comedy The Birds, Poseidon is depicted as a haughty, stern character with little changeability or volatility. He is the typical "pillar" of the Pantheon of Olympian gods that Poseidon came to represent to later audiences. However, it is vital to remember that The Birds was performed nearly two centuries after the opening quote of this book, and the evolution of Poseidon's character is a stark one. A "Shaker of the Earth" and a "savior of ships" can hardly be expected to be mundane. Acclaimed historian Robert Parker put it best when he said, "Poseidon was a god of the old-fashioned, ambiguous type who had the power to quell storms because he also had power to raise them." Notice "old-fashioned" has nothing to do with "reliability" or "dependability." If anything, very early religion in ancient Greece was more fluid and volatile. Gods could be dismissed or assimilated by other gods and cults could "invade" territories and overthrow or adopt the local gods as facets of their own personalities. In Archaic Greece, the cult idol was often an amorphous block of wood called a Xoanon, which people would worship as an aniconic symbol of a numinous power with a name. This ambiguity of character granted Poseidon and the other gods the ability to gradually adopt the characteristics of their personalities and cults over time. Their personas evolved thanks to a series of catastrophic and logical events visible in both the literary and archaeological record and continued to do so until they became the calcified, easily understandable stock characters of modern-day mythology books. With just a cursory look into the evolution of his character, however, Poseidon becomes as mercurial and turbulent and fascinating as the sea itself. Poseidon: The Origins and History of the Greek God of the Sea looks at the story of the Sea God and the various roles he played in Greek mythology. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about Poseidon like never before.

Author : Jane Ellen Harrison
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1913
Category : Greece
ISBN : UGA:32108012900315

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The Religion of Ancient Greece by Jane Ellen Harrison Pdf

Author : W. H. D. Rouse
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2001-03-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781101663615

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Gods, Heroes and Men of Ancient Greece by W. H. D. Rouse Pdf

The Adventures that Shaped the Western World First published in 1934, Gods, Heroes and Men of Ancient Greece has become one of the most popular, enduring--and captivating--retellings of the ancient myths for modern readers. Recognizing the sheer entertainment value of these timeless adventures, world renowned classical scholar W.H.D. Rouse delighted his students at the Perse School in Cambridge, England, with a conversational style and childlike wonder that made the legends come alive--a rare storytelling gift that continues to engage young and old alike. Many of the characters in this book are familiar to us--Helen of Troy, Icarus, Zeus, Athena, to name just a few--but rarely have their stories of war and adventure, bravery and romance, been so simply and thrillingly told. From the strong-arm heroics of Heracles, to the trickery of the Trojan Horse, from the seductions of Circe the sorceress, to the terrors of the Cyclops and Minotaur, these legends have outlived the culture that bore them. But while the ancient Greeks may be long gone, their fables and morals, their heroes and heroines, live on today…

Author : Edward E. Barthell
Publisher : Coral Gables, Fla : University of Miami Press
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Social Science
ISBN : UVA:X000544131

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Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Greece by Edward E. Barthell Pdf

A book on Greek mythology with genealogical tables tracing the lineage of the many divine gods and important figures in these mythological tales.

Author : Charles River Charles River Editors,Andrew Scott
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-24
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1546895299

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Ares by Charles River Charles River Editors,Andrew Scott Pdf

*Includes pictures *Includes ancient myths and accounts of Ares and cults that worshiped him *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading Ares, the God of War and personification of all that is reactionary and violent, is remembered today as the hated, unshakeable, and infallible embodiment of the violence prevalent in war and society at large, but surviving evidence suggests that this may not have always been the case. To understand that, it's necessary to remember that Greek mythology has been filtered and tempered by centuries of editors and zealots and fickle word of mouth. The stories that arrive in the beloved mythology books of today were not necessarily those read and told by the ancients. This is true not only thanks to later mythographers' overeager shears, wielded in order to strip the ancient Greek myths of much of their "heathenism," but also because over 2,000 years later, modern society is not privy to much of the cultural strata from which these stories emerged. This book was written in the hope of presenting the modern reader with as much of the latter as possible, so as to provide a more accurate representation of Ares than is found in most modern collections of ancient Greek mythology. Being the "living" representation of the act that killed family members every year is more than enough to attract a certain degree of ignominy, but it is very likely that negative feelings towards Ares were not as pervasive among the ancient Greeks as one might believe today. An important thing to bear in mind when thinking about the stories of Ares is that the thin vein of myth that has come down today most often comes directly from Athenian sources, which were unfavorable towards Ares because they were generally unfavorable towards anything considered un-Athenian. The historian Thucydides, while discussing the Peloponnesian War, which was fought between Athens and Sparta at the end of the 5th century BCE, said that any "future scholar" would no doubt believe that the great city of Sparta was culturally insignificant in comparison with her enemy, Athens. It is well known today that Ares was worshipped by the warlike Spartans, but since they created very few grandiose works of architecture or literature (compared to those that came out of Athens), Sparta's views on Ares, and most other deities they worshipped, are paltry. Athenian culture, on the other hand, dominated the ancient world's art and culture, and its influence was felt strongly in the beloved myths and histories of the epoch. For better or worse, then, Athens left subsequent generations their marginalized corpus of ideas on ancient Greek religion, and this can be seen in the paltry occurrences of Ares in modern books on Greek mythology today. That said, being a worshipper of Ares didn't necessitate the bellicose nature of the Spartans, either. Although Athens left literary and archaeological evidence of their preferences for civic worship, many other poleis (Greek city-states) were loath to openly despise the god of war, despite his macabre associations. After all, war was a facet of yearly life, and Ares was one of the 12 gods of the highest Greek pantheon of deities who commanded worship according to a divine mandate. Ares's appearances in myths today (his affair with Aphrodite being a strong favourite) seem to be cursed by repeated banality. There's little of the "War God" in any of his stories other than the odd mention of how horrid he is. However, with a little effort, Ares and his influences can be found, even if only at the fringes of the stories, in the wider literary canon. One such example is the "Judgment of Paris," which refers to the Trojan warrior Paris's decision to award Aphrodite with the Golden Apple of the Hesperides (or the "Apple of Discord," as it came to be known).

Author : Leon Ashworth
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Goddesses, Greek
ISBN : OCLC:1193960323

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Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Greece by Leon Ashworth Pdf

Author : Gustav Schwab
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 774 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1946
Category : Mythology, Classical
ISBN : UVA:X000024138

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Gods & Heroes by Gustav Schwab Pdf

Written for the average reader, this is a retelling of the legends of classical antiquity.

Author : Gilbert Murray,Charles Twain
Publisher : Lulu.com
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-18
Category : History
ISBN : 1387890689

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Five Stages of Greek Religion: The History of the Olympian Gods of Ancient Greece (Hardcover) by Gilbert Murray,Charles Twain Pdf

This edition of Gilbert Murray's renowned examination of how religion evolved in Ancient Greece, includes all of his original notes. Murray was a renowned scholar of Greek classics, who used his academic background as grounding for this astonishingly detailed book on the topic of the Olympian Gods. How the pantheon of Gods was conceived, and grew to eventually define large aspects of Ancient Greek culture, form the topics at hand. The book begins by examining the earliest surviving religious texts of Greek, identifying the first indications of the Gods in the lore. The increasing prevalence of writing among Greece's educated citizenry sparked a growth in the number of Gods and Goddesses, and the stories relating to them. However, Murray is careful to note that there is no single event or turning point. For a scholarly work, Five Stages of Greek Religion is of modest length. This attribute defines it as a superb introductory primer to aspects of Olympian religion.

Author : E. M. Berens
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2014-04
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 1497566215

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Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome by E. M. Berens Pdf

Before entering upon the many strange beliefs of the ancient Greeks, and the extraordinary number of gods they worshipped, we must first consider what kind of beings these divinities were. In appearance, the gods were supposed to resemble mortals, whom, however, they far surpassed in beauty, grandeur, and strength; they were also more commanding in stature, height being considered by the Greeks an attribute of beauty in man or woman. They resembled human beings in their feelings and habits, intermarrying and having children, and requiring daily nourishment to recruit their strength, and refreshing sleep to restore their energies. Their blood, a bright ethereal fluid called Ichor, never engendered disease, and, when shed, had the power of producing new life. The Greeks believed that the mental qualifications of their gods were of a much higher order than those of men, but nevertheless, as we shall see, they were not considered to be exempt from human passions, and we frequently behold them actuated by revenge, deceit, and jealousy. They, however, always punish the evil-doer, and visit with dire calamities any impious mortal who dares to neglect their worship or despise their rites. We often hear of them visiting mankind and partaking of their hospitality, and not unfrequently both gods and goddesses become attached to mortals, with whom they unite themselves, the offspring of these unions being called heroes or demi-gods, who were usually renowned for their great strength and courage. But although there were so many points of resemblance between gods and men, there remained the one great characteristic distinction, viz., that the gods enjoyed immortality. Still, they were not invulnerable, and we often hear of them being wounded, and suffering in consequence such exquisite torture that they have earnestly prayed to be deprived of their privilege of immortality. The gods knew no limitation of time or space, being able to transport themselves to incredible distances with the speed of thought. They possessed the power of rendering themselves invisible at will, and could assume the forms of men or animals as it suited their convenience. They could also transform human beings into trees, stones, animals, &c., either as a punishment for their misdeeds, or as a means of protecting the individual, thus transformed, from impending danger. Their robes were like those worn by mortals, but were perfect in form and much finer in texture. Their weapons also resembled those used by mankind; we hear of spears, shields, helmets, bows and arrows, &c., being employed by the gods. Each deity possessed a beautiful chariot, which, drawn by horses or other animals of celestial breed, conveyed them rapidly over land and sea according to their pleasure. Most of these divinities lived on the summit of Mount Olympus, each possessing his or her individual habitation, and all meeting together on festive occasions in the council-chamber of the gods, where their banquets were enlivened by the sweet strains of Apollo's lyre, whilst the beautiful voices of the Muses poured forth their rich melodies to his harmonious accompaniment. Magnificent temples were erected to their honour, where they were worshipped with the greatest solemnity; rich gifts were presented to them, and animals, and indeed sometimes human beings, were sacrificed on their altars.