Science Action And Reality

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Science, Action, and Reality

R. Tuomela
Science Action and Reality Book PDF

Author : R. Tuomela
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400954465

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Science, Action, and Reality by R. Tuomela Pdf

Were one to characterize the aims of this book ambitiously, it could be said to sketch the philosophical foundations or underpinnings of the scientific world view or, better, of the scientific conception of the world. In any case, it develops a comprehensive philosophical view, one which takes science seri ously as the best method for getting to know the ontological aspects of the world. This view is a kind of scientific realism - causal internal realism, as it is dubbed in the book. This brand of realism is "tough" in matters of ontology but "soft" in matters of semantics and epistemology. An ancestor of the book was published in Finnish under the title Tiede, toiminta ja todellisuus (Gaudeamus, 1983). That book is a shortish undergraduate-level monograph. However, as some research-level chapters have been added, the present book is perhaps best regarded as suited for more advanced readers. I completed the book while my stay at the University of Wisconsin in Madison as a Visiting Professor under the Exchange Program between the Universities of Wisconsin and Helsinki. I gratefully acknowledge this support. I also wish to thank Juhani Saalo and Martti Kuokkanen for comments on the manuscript and for editorial help. Dr Matti Sintonen translated the Finnish ancestor of this book into English, to be used as a partial basis for this work. His translation was supported by a grant from Suomalaisen kirjallisuuden edistamisvarat. Finally, and as usual, I wish to thank Mrs.

Spooky Action at a Distance

George Musser
Spooky Action at a Distance Book PDF

Author : George Musser
Publisher : Scientific American / Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780374713553

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Spooky Action at a Distance by George Musser Pdf

Long-listed for the 2016 PEN/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award “An important book that provides insight into key new developments in our understanding of the nature of space, time and the universe. It will repay careful study.” —John Gribbin, The Wall Street Journal “An endlessly surprising foray into the current mother of physics' many knotty mysteries, the solving of which may unveil the weirdness of quantum particles, black holes, and the essential unity of nature.” —Kirkus Reviews (starred review) What is space? It isn't a question that most of us normally ask. Space is the venue of physics; it's where things exist, where they move and take shape. Yet over the past few decades, physicists have discovered a phenomenon that operates outside the confines of space and time: nonlocality-the ability of two particles to act in harmony no matter how far apart they may be. It appears to be almost magical. Einstein grappled with this oddity and couldn't come to terms with it, describing it as "spooky action at a distance." More recently, the mystery has deepened as other forms of nonlocality have been uncovered. This strange occurrence, which has direct connections to black holes, particle collisions, and even the workings of gravity, holds the potential to undermine our most basic understandings of physical reality. If space isn't what we thought it was, then what is it? In Spooky Action at a Distance, George Musser sets out to answer that question, offering a provocative exploration of nonlocality and a celebration of the scientists who are trying to explain it. Musser guides us on an epic journey into the lives of experimental physicists observing particles acting in tandem, astronomers finding galaxies that look statistically identical, and cosmologists hoping to unravel the paradoxes surrounding the big bang. He traces the often contentious debates over nonlocality through major discoveries and disruptions of the twentieth century and shows how scientists faced with the same undisputed experimental evidence develop wildly different explanations for that evidence. Their conclusions challenge our understanding of not only space and time but also the origins of the universe-and they suggest a new grand unified theory of physics. Delightfully readable, Spooky Action at a Distance is a mind-bending voyage to the frontiers of modern physics that will change the way we think about reality.

Exploring Reality

J. C. Polkinghorne
Exploring Reality Book PDF

Author : J. C. Polkinghorne
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2007-04-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780300130645

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Exploring Reality by J. C. Polkinghorne Pdf

Involved for over thirty years in the politics of Iraq, Ali A. Allawi was a long-time opposition leader against the Baathist regime. In the post-Saddam years, he has held important government positions and participated in crucial national decisions and events. In this book, the former Minister of Defence and Finance draws on his unique personal experience, extensive relationships with members of the main political groups and parties in Iraq, and deep understanding of the history and society of his country to answer the baffling questions that persist about its current crises. What really led the United States to invade Iraq, and why have events failed to unfold as planned? The Occupation of Iraq examines what the U.S. did and didn't know at the time of the invasion, the reasons for the confused and contradictory policies that were enacted, and the emergence of the Iraqi political class during the difficult transition process. The book tracks the growth of the insurgency and illuminates the complex relationships among Sunnis, Shia, and Kurds. Bringing the discussion forward to the reconfiguration of political forces in 2006, Allawi provides in these pages the clearest view to date of the modern history of Iraq and the invasion that changed its course in unpredicted ways.

Action Gravity

Jeff Lee
Action Gravity Book PDF

Author : Jeff Lee
Publisher : Archway Publishing
Page : 105 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-02-09
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781665701853

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Action Gravity by Jeff Lee Pdf

The Cause of Gravity: The Holy Grail of all Scientific Revelation For over four centuries now, Natural Philosophers and Theoretical Physicists have been desperately searching for the answer to that elusive and intractable question that is still hanging around today: "What is the true cause of Gravity?" The present-day view by Theoretical Physics Academia is that gravity can be described as: "curved, or warped, space, or spacetime." So, how does this space, or spacetime, curve, or warp? Do certain particles of space get closer together in one vicinity of space and further apart in another? Are there compressions and rarefactions in space like there are in air? How can empty space form a path for a moving object to travel through if it is completely empty? The answer is that: Space is NOT empty. According to a brand-new type of physics called: "Reality Physics", we now know that space is not empty but contains an "active" plenum structure that is continually being created by the "active", two-dimensional, outward motion of Time with Space. What this actually means is that the "Now Point" in Time expands outward into space with an "active", two-dimensional, omnidirectional, omnipositional displacement at the Speed of Light, or: "c" = 299, 792, 458 meters per second, and that it also forms an "inertial reference background pressure density" throughout the universe. We find that by placing a body of mass into this active inertial reference background pressure density we can create a vicinity of "less active pressure density" at that location where the mass is located. This would, obviously, cause the greater pressure density surrounding the mass to implode with an "accelerating motion" down towards the surface of the mass body where the pressure density is less. We call this implosively accelerating motion of the inertial reference background: "Gravitational Acceleration", and this is what actually causes small objects to "fall to the ground" at the surface of the large body of mass. Gravity is an "action", not a curvature or warpage of anything, and therefore it must be caused by an "action", as revealed here by: "ACTION GRAVITY" of Reality Physics.

Where the Action Is

Paul Dourish
Where the Action Is Book PDF

Author : Paul Dourish
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2004-08-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262260619

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Where the Action Is by Paul Dourish Pdf

Computer science as an engineering discipline has been spectacularly successful. Yet it is also a philosophical enterprise in the way it represents the world and creates and manipulates models of reality, people, and action. In this book, Paul Dourish addresses the philosophical bases of human-computer interaction. He looks at how what he calls "embodied interaction"—an approach to interacting with software systems that emphasizes skilled, engaged practice rather than disembodied rationality—reflects the phenomenological approaches of Martin Heidegger, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and other twentieth-century philosophers. The phenomenological tradition emphasizes the primacy of natural practice over abstract cognition in everyday activity. Dourish shows how this perspective can shed light on the foundational underpinnings of current research on embodied interaction. He looks in particular at how tangible and social approaches to interaction are related, how they can be used to analyze and understand embodied interaction, and how they could affect the design of future interactive systems.

Grasping Reality: An Interpretation-realistic Epistemology

Hans Lenk
Grasping Reality An Interpretation realistic Epistemology Book PDF

Author : Hans Lenk
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2003-05-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814488402

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Grasping Reality: An Interpretation-realistic Epistemology by Hans Lenk Pdf

Grasping Reality addresses the methodology of a sophisticated realistic approach to scientific as well as everyday recognition by using schemes and interpretative constructs to analyze theories and the practice of recognition from a hypothesis-realistic vantage point.The three main theses are: (1) Any “grasping” of real objects, processes, entities etc. is deeply dependent on scheme interpretations and interpretative constructs — in short, on using schemes and constructs; the same applies to any sophisticated actions encroaching on reality; (2) a sophisticated interpretation-dependent realism is sketched out and defended from a methodological, non-foundational, epistemological point of view called pragmatic realism; (3) the most provocative thesis is generalized from the role of the well-known preparationist interpretation of quantum theory to everyday knowledge — the interpretative structuring and preparing of the experimental make-up as known in quantum mechanics is not just a special case but the rather general case of gaining any knowledge in science and everyday recognition.An appendix provides an overview regarding a realistic and pragmatic philosophy of technology, including the so-called new information technologies.

Pandora’s Hope

Bruno Latour
Pandora s Hope Book PDF

Author : Bruno Latour
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1999-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780674255142

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Pandora’s Hope by Bruno Latour Pdf

A scientist friend asked Bruno Latour point-blank: “Do you believe in reality?” Taken aback by this strange query, Latour offers his meticulous response in Pandora’s Hope. It is a remarkable argument for understanding the reality of science in practical terms. In this book, Latour, identified by Richard Rorty as the new “bête noire of the science worshipers,” gives us his most philosophically informed book since Science in Action. Through case studies of scientists in the Amazon analyzing soil and in Pasteur’s lab studying the fermentation of lactic acid, he shows us the myriad steps by which events in the material world are transformed into items of scientific knowledge. Through many examples in the world of technology, we see how the material and human worlds come together and are reciprocally transformed in this process. Why, Latour asks, did the idea of an independent reality, free of human interaction, emerge in the first place? His answer to this question, harking back to the debates between Might and Right narrated by Plato, points to the real stakes in the so-called science wars: the perplexed submission of ordinary people before the warring forces of claimants to the ultimate truth.

Social Construction of Reality as Communicative Action

Antonio Sandu
Social Construction of Reality as Communicative Action Book PDF

Author : Antonio Sandu
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-05-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781443894265

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Social Construction of Reality as Communicative Action by Antonio Sandu Pdf

The central focus of this volume is social constructionism in all its dimensions, including its sociological, ontological, epistemological, methodological, ethical, and pragmatic features. It pays particularly close attention to the social construction of reality as a communicative action, extending this area to include social pragmatics. It also interprets social action as a discursive-seductive strategy of exercising power in the public space, utilising a constructionist understanding, in which public space is represented by any part of the co-construction of reality through social or communicative action. In addition, at the methodological level, the book proposes a new semiotic strategy, called “fractal constructionism”, which analyses the interpretative drift of certain key concepts that are valued as social constructs.

Reduction, Time and Reality

Richard Healey
Reduction Time and Reality Book PDF

Author : Richard Healey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1981-06-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521237084

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Reduction, Time and Reality by Richard Healey Pdf

The contributors to this 1981 volume are all concerned with scientific realism, but each author questions or rejects aspects of the way it has traditionally been discussed. There are three main foci of attention - reduction, time and modality - and the analyses bring out complexities and difficulties obscured in the standard accounts of scientific realism. The papers are powerful and original, representing some of the best in modern philosophy of science, and each were specifically commissioned for the volume. It is an excellent source book for courses on realism or the philosophy of science. The book therefore takes its place in the informal series of volumes arising from meetings sponsored by the Thyssen Foundation, which already includes C. Hookway and P. Pettit (eds.) Action and Interpretation (C. U. P. 1978) and R. Harrison (ed.) Rational Action (C. U. P. 1980).

Quantum Reality

Jim Baggott
Quantum Reality Book PDF

Author : Jim Baggott
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198830153

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Quantum Reality by Jim Baggott Pdf

Quantum mechanics is an extraordinarily successful scientific theory. It is also completely mad. Although the theory quite obviously works, it leaves us chasing ghosts and phantoms; particles that are waves and waves that are particles; cats that are at once both alive and dead; and lots of seemingly spooky goings-on. But if we're prepared to be a little more specific about what we mean when we talk about 'reality' and a little more circumspect in the way we think a scientific theory might represent such a reality, then all the mystery goes away. This shows that the choice we face is actually a philosophical one. Here, Jim Baggott provides a quick but comprehensive introduction to quantum mechanics for the general reader, and explains what makes this theory so very different from the rest. He also explores the processes involved in developing scientific theories and explains how these lead to different philosophical positions, essential if we are to understand the nature of the great debate between Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein. Moving forwards, Baggott then provides a comprehensive guide to attempts to determine what the theory actually means, from the Copenhagen interpretation to many worlds and the multiverse. Richard Feynman once declared that 'nobody understands quantum mechanics'. This book will tell you why.

Decoding Reality

Vlatko Vedral
Decoding Reality Book PDF

Author : Vlatko Vedral
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : COMPUTERS
ISBN : 9780198815433

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Decoding Reality by Vlatko Vedral Pdf

For a physicist, all the world is information. The Universe and its workings are the ebb and flow of information. We are all transient patterns of information, passing on the recipe for our basic forms to future generations using a four-letter digital code called DNA. In this engaging and mind-stretching account, Vlatko Vedral considers some of the deepest questions about the Universe and considers the implications of interpreting it in terms of information. He explains the nature of information, the idea of entropy, and the roots of this thinking in thermodynamics. He describes the bizarre effects of quantum behaviour -- effects such as 'entanglement', which Einstein called 'spooky action at a distance', and explores cutting edge work on harnessing quantum effects in hyperfast quantum computers, and how recent evidence suggests that the weirdness of the quantum world, once thought limited to the tiniest scales, may reach into the macro world. Vedral finishes by considering the answer to the ultimate question: where did all of the information in the Universe come from? The answers he considers are exhilarating, drawing upon the work of distinguished physicist John Wheeler. The ideas challenge our concept of the nature of particles, of time, of determinism, and of reality itself. This edition includes a new foreword from the author, reflecting on changes in the world of quantum information since first publication. Oxford Landmark Science books are 'must-read' classics of modern science writing which have crystallized big ideas, and shaped the way we think.

Farewell to Reality

Jim Baggott
Farewell to Reality Book PDF

Author : Jim Baggott
Publisher : Open Road Media
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-08-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781453299142

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Farewell to Reality by Jim Baggott Pdf

From acclaimed science author Jim Baggot, a lively, provocative, and “intellectually gratifying” critique of modern theoretical physics (The Economist). Where does one draw the line between solid science and fairy-tale physics? Jim Baggott argues that there is no observational or experimental evidence for many of the ideas of modern theoretical physics: super-symmetric particles, super strings, the multiverse, the holographic principle, or the anthropic cosmological principle. Unafraid to challenge prominent theorists, Baggott offers engaging portraits of many central figures of modern physics, including Stephen Hawking, Paul Davies, John D. Barrow, Brian Greene, and Leonard Susskind. Informed, comprehensive, and balanced, Farewell to Reality discusses the latest ideas about the nature of physical reality while clearly distinguishing between fact and fantasy, providing essential and entertaining reading for everyone interested in what we know and don’t know about the nature of the universe and reality itself.

Decoding Reality

Vlatko Vedral
Decoding Reality Book PDF

Author : Vlatko Vedral
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191636295

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Decoding Reality by Vlatko Vedral Pdf

For a physicist, all the world is information. The Universe and its workings are the ebb and flow of information. We are all transient patterns of information, passing on the recipe for our basic forms to future generations using a four-letter digital code called DNA. In this engaging and mind-stretching account, Vlatko Vedral considers some of the deepest questions about the Universe and considers the implications of interpreting it in terms of information. He explains the nature of information, the idea of entropy, and the roots of this thinking in thermodynamics. He describes the bizarre effects of quantum behaviour — effects such as 'entanglement', which Einstein called 'spooky action at a distance', and explores cutting edge work on harnessing quantum effects in hyperfast quantum computers, and how recent evidence suggests that the weirdness of the quantum world, once thought limited to the tiniest scales, may reach into the macro world. Vedral finishes by considering the answer to the ultimate question: where did all of the information in the Universe come from? The answers he considers are exhilarating, drawing upon the work of distinguished physicist John Wheeler. The ideas challenge our concept of the nature of particles, of time, of determinism, and of reality itself. This edition includes a new foreword from the author, reflecting on changes in the world of quantum information since first publication. Oxford Landmark Science books are 'must-read' classics of modern science writing which have crystallized big ideas, and shaped the way we think.

Science, Perception, and Reality

Wilfrid Sellars
Science Perception and Reality Book PDF

Author : Wilfrid Sellars
Publisher : Hassell Street Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 101419282X

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Science, Perception, and Reality by Wilfrid Sellars Pdf

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

The Beauty of Chemistry

Philip Ball
The Beauty of Chemistry Book PDF

Author : Philip Ball
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-05-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262044417

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The Beauty of Chemistry by Philip Ball Pdf

Images and text capture the astonishing beauty of the chemical processes that create snowflakes, bubbles, flames, and other wonders of nature. Chemistry is not just about microscopic atoms doing inscrutable things; it is the process that makes flowers and galaxies. We rely on it for bread-baking, vegetable-growing, and producing the materials of daily life. In stunning images and illuminating text, this book captures chemistry as it unfolds. Using such techniques as microphotography, time-lapse photography, and infrared thermal imaging, The Beauty of Chemistry shows us how chemistry underpins the formation of snowflakes, the science of champagne, the colors of flowers, and other wonders of nature and technology. We see the marvelous configurations of chemical gardens; the amazing transformations of evaporation, distillation, and precipitation; heat made visible; and more.