Science And Technology Programs At The Environmental Protection Agency

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Review of Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results Research Grants Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309458603

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A Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results Research Program by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Review of Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results Research Grants Program Pdf

Environmental research has driven landmark improvements that led to the protection of human and ecosystem health. Recognizing the value of knowledge generated by environmental research and the ingenuity within academic and nonprofit institutions, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) created a program known as Science to Achieve Results, or STAR, in 1995. STAR is EPA's primary competitive extramural grants program. A Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results Research Program assesses the program's scientific merit, public benefits, and overall contributions in the context of other relevant research and recommends ways to enhance those aspects of the program. This report also considers the conclusions and recommendations of a prior National Research Council review of the STAR program (2003), the STAR program's research priorities in light of the nation's environmental challenges, and the effects of recent STAR funding trends on obtaining scientific information needed to protect public health and the environment.

Author : David Demortain
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262537940

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The Science of Bureaucracy by David Demortain Pdf

How the US Environmental Protection Agency designed the governance of risk and forged its legitimacy over the course of four decades. The US Environmental Protection Agency was established in 1970 to protect the public health and environment, administering and enforcing a range of statutes and programs. Over four decades, the EPA has been a risk bureaucracy, formalizing many of the methods of the scientific governance of risk, from quantitative risk assessment to risk ranking. Demortain traces the creation of these methods for the governance of risk, the controversies to which they responded, and the controversies that they aroused in turn. He discusses the professional networks in which they were conceived; how they were used; and how they served to legitimize the EPA. Demortain argues that the EPA is structurally embedded in controversy, resulting in constant reevaluation of its credibility and fueling the evolution of the knowledge and technologies it uses to produce decisions and to create a legitimate image of how and why it acts on the environment. He describes the emergence and institutionalization of the risk assessment–risk management framework codified in the National Research Council's Red Book, and its subsequent unraveling as the agency's mission evolved toward environmental justice, ecological restoration, and sustainability, and as controversies over determining risk gained vigor in the 1990s. Through its rise and fall at the EPA, risk decision-making enshrines the science of a bureaucracy that learns how to make credible decisions and to reform itself, amid constant conflicts about the environment, risk, and its own legitimacy.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Nature
ISBN : PSU:000049655407

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Science and Technology Programs at the Environmental Protection Agency by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Law
ISBN : STANFORD:36105050227649

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Science and Technology at the Environmental Protection Agency by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards Pdf

Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Environmental policy
ISBN : IND:30000113325058

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EPA Research Program Guide by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Science and Technology for Sustainability Program,Committee on Incorporating Sustainability in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011-10-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309212526

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Sustainability and the U.S. EPA by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Science and Technology for Sustainability Program,Committee on Incorporating Sustainability in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Pdf

Sustainability is based on a simple and long-recognized factual premise: Everything that humans require for their survival and well-being depends, directly or indirectly, on the natural environment. The environment provides the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat. Recognizing the importance of sustainability to its work, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been working to create programs and applications in a variety of areas to better incorporate sustainability into decision-making at the agency. To further strengthen the scientific basis for sustainability as it applies to human health and environmental protection, the EPA asked the National Research Council (NRC) to provide a framework for incorporating sustainability into the EPA's principles and decision-making. This framework, Sustainability and the U.S. EPA, provides recommendations for a sustainability approach that both incorporates and goes beyond an approach based on assessing and managing the risks posed by pollutants that has largely shaped environmental policy since the 1980s. Although risk-based methods have led to many successes and remain important tools, the report concludes that they are not adequate to address many of the complex problems that put current and future generations at risk, such as depletion of natural resources, climate change, and loss of biodiversity. Moreover, sophisticated tools are increasingly available to address cross-cutting, complex, and challenging issues that go beyond risk management. The report recommends that EPA formally adopt as its sustainability paradigm the widely used "three pillars" approach, which means considering the environmental, social, and economic impacts of an action or decision. Health should be expressly included in the "social" pillar. EPA should also articulate its vision for sustainability and develop a set of sustainability principles that would underlie all agency policies and programs.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Law
ISBN : PSU:000045429842

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H.R. 64, a Proposal to Strengthen Science at the Environmental Protection Agency by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Law
ISBN : PSU:000045434877

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Science and Technology at the Environmental Protection Agency by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Committee on Evaluating the Efficiency of Research and Development Programs at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2008-06-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309178198

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Evaluating Research Efficiency in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Committee on Evaluating the Efficiency of Research and Development Programs at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Pdf

A new book from the National Research Council recommends changes in how the federal government evaluates the efficiency of research at EPA and other agencies. Assessing efficiency should be considered only one part of gauging a program's quality, relevance, and effectiveness. The efficiency of research processes and that of investments should be evaluated using different approaches. Investment efficiency should examine whether an agency's R&D portfolio, including the budget, is relevant, of high quality, matches the agency's strategic plan. These evaluations require panels of experts. In contrast, process efficiency should focus on "inputs" (the people, funds, and facilities dedicated to research) and "outputs" (the services, grants, publications, monitoring, and new techniques produced by research), as well as their timelines and should be evaluated using quantitative measures. The committee recommends that the efficiency of EPA's research programs be evaluated according to the same standards used at other agencies. To ensure this, OMB should train and oversee its budget examiners so that the PART questionnaire is implemented consistently and equitably across agencies.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Environmental engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015039966844

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Research Reporting Series by Anonim Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research and Peer Review in EPA
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2000-09-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309171762

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Strengthening Science at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by National Research Council,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Research and Peer Review in EPA Pdf

In the three decades since the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was created, the agency's scientific and technical practices and credibility have been independently assessed many times in reports from the National Research Council (NRC), EPA Science Advisory Board, General Accounting Office, and many other organizations; in congressional oversight and judicial proceedings; and in countless criticisms and lawsuits from stakeholders with interests in particular EPA regulatory decisions. As a previous independent panel put it in the 1992 report Safeguarding the Future: Credible Science, Credible Decisions, EPA's policy and regulatory work receives a great deal of public attention, but the agency's scientific performance typically receives a similar degree of attention only when the scientific basis for a decision is questioned. Thus, strong scientific performance is important not only to enable EPA to make informed and effective decisions, but also to gain credibility and public support for the environmental protection efforts of EPA and the nation. This report is the fourth and final one in a series prepared by two independent expert committees convened by the NRC in response to a request from Congress and to subsequent, related requests from EPA. The Committee on Research Opportunities and Priorities for EPA - the companion committee in this study - was charged to provide an overview of significant emerging environmental issues, identify and prioritize research themes most relevant to understanding and resolving those issues, and consider the role of EPA's research program in the context of research being conducted or supported by other organizations. That committee published an interim report in 1996 and a final report, Building a Foundation for Sound Environmental Decisions, in 1997. The Committee on Research and Peer Review in EPA was charged to evaluate research management and scientific peer-review practices in the agency. The committee published an interim report in 1995 and this final report.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Electronic
ISBN : PURD:32754071532646

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Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development and Science Advisory Board Authorization Act of 1999 by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 690 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Environmental engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015039966000

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Research Reporting Series by Anonim Pdf

Author : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Environmental engineering
ISBN : IND:30000043820939

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EPA and the Academic Community by United States. Environmental Protection Agency Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Electronic government information
ISBN : MINN:31951D021088816

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Strengthening Science at the Environmental Protection Agency Act by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science Pdf