Scientists Impact On Decision Making

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Economic, Governance, and International Studies,Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change,Panel on Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities for Environmental Decision Making
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2005-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309095402

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Decision Making for the Environment by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Economic, Governance, and International Studies,Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change,Panel on Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities for Environmental Decision Making Pdf

With the growing number, complexity, and importance of environmental problems come demands to include a full range of intellectual disciplines and scholarly traditions to help define and eventually manage such problems more effectively. Decision Making for the Environment: Social and Behavioral Science Research Priorities is the result of a 2-year effort by 12 social and behavioral scientists, scholars, and practitioners. The report sets research priorities for the social and behavioral sciences as they relate to several different kinds of environmental problems.

Author : Peng Ru
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317479871

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Scientists' Impact on Decision-making by Peng Ru Pdf

With the increasing influence of science and technology (S&T) on socioeconomic life and public affairs, there has been a growing demand for S&T expertise in today's public decision-making. The National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program), involving hundreds of S&T experts, marked the beginning of a new journey for China's high-tech development. This book discusses China's S&T decision-making mechanism, with the 863 Program as the central case and scientist' influence on public decision-making as the focus. More importantly, it extracts three key elements to analyze the determinative factors behind that influence — knowledge, value and institutions, and proposed a KIV framework of macro-analysis. The KIV, being the first framework to generalize factors that could affect scientists' influence on public decision-making, is of both theoretical significance and innovative value. In addition, by finding out those factors, this book attempts to create a decision-making environment conducive to scientists' contribution of their knowledge.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2012-07-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309218160

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Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs Pdf

An estimated 48 percent of the population takes at least one prescription drug in a given month. Drugs provide great benefits to society by saving or improving lives. Many drugs are also associated with side effects or adverse events, some serious and some discovered only after the drug is on the market. The discovery of new adverse events in the postmarketing setting is part of the normal natural history of approved drugs, and timely identification and warning about drug risks are central to the mission of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Not all risks associated with a drug are known at the time of approval, because safety data are collected from studies that involve a relatively small number of human subjects during a relatively short period. Written in response to a request by the FDA, Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs discusses ethical and informed consent issues in conducting studies in the postmarketing setting. It evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of various approaches to generate evidence about safety questions, and makes recommendations for appropriate followup studies and randomized clinical trials. The book provides guidance to the FDA on how it should factor in different kinds of evidence in its regulatory decisions. Ethical and Scientific Issues in Studying the Safety of Approved Drugs will be of interest to the pharmaceutical industry, patient advocates, researchers, and consumer groups.

Author : Tetsukazu Yahara
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-29
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9789811586323

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Decision Science for Future Earth by Tetsukazu Yahara Pdf

This open access book provides a theoretical framework and case studies on decision science for regional sustainability by integrating the natural and social sciences. The cases discussed include solution-oriented transdisciplinary studies on the environment, disasters, health, governance and human cooperation. Based on these case studies and comprehensive reviews of relevant works, including lessons learned from past failures for predictable surprises and successes in adaptive co-management, the book provides the reader with new perspectives on how we can co-design collaborative projects with various conflicts of interest and how we can transform our society for a sustainable future. The book makes a valuable contribution to the global research initiative Future Earth, promoting transdisciplinary studies to bridge the gap between science and society in knowledge generation processes and supporting efforts to achieve the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Compared to other publications on transdisciplinary studies, this book is unique in that evolutionary biology is used as an integrator for various areas related to human decision-making, and approaches social changes as processes of adaptive learning and evolution. Given its scope, the book is highly recommended to all readers seeking an integrated overview of human decision-making in the context of social transformation.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2001-01-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264189812

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Social Sciences for Knowledge and Decision Making by OECD Pdf

This conference proceedings examines the role social sciences can play in developing sound policy.

Author : Roger D. Aines,Amy L. Aines
Publisher : University of California Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780520298071

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Championing Science by Roger D. Aines,Amy L. Aines Pdf

Championing Science shows scientists how to persuasively communicate complex scientific ideas to decision makers in government, industry, and education. This comprehensive guide provides real-world strategies to help scientists develop the essential communication, influence, and relationship-building skills needed to motivate nonexperts to understand and support their science. Instruction, interviews, and examples demonstrate how inspiring decision makers to act requires scientists to extract the essence of their work, craft clear messages, simplify visuals, bridge paradigm gaps, and tell compelling narratives. The authors bring these principles to life in the accounts of science champions such as Robert Millikan, Vannevar Bush, scientists at Caltech and MIT, and others. With Championing Science, scientists will learn how to use these vital skills to make an impact.

Author : William J. Sutherland,Peter Brotherton,Zoe G. Davies,Nathalie Pettorelli,Juliet A. Vickery
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-16
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781108714587

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Conservation Research, Policy and Practice by William J. Sutherland,Peter Brotherton,Zoe G. Davies,Nathalie Pettorelli,Juliet A. Vickery Pdf

Discover how conservation can be made more effective through strengthening links between science research, policy and practice. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Author : A. V. S. de Reuck,Maurice Goldsmith,Julie Knight
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470717219

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Decision Making in National Science Policy by A. V. S. de Reuck,Maurice Goldsmith,Julie Knight Pdf

The Novartis Foundation Series is a popular collection of the proceedings from Novartis Foundation Symposia, in which groups of leading scientists from a range of topics across biology, chemistry and medicine assembled to present papers and discuss results. The Novartis Foundation, originally known as the Ciba Foundation, is well known to scientists and clinicians around the world.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on the Science of Science Communication: A Research Agenda
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309451055

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Communicating Science Effectively by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on the Science of Science Communication: A Research Agenda Pdf

Science and technology are embedded in virtually every aspect of modern life. As a result, people face an increasing need to integrate information from science with their personal values and other considerations as they make important life decisions about medical care, the safety of foods, what to do about climate change, and many other issues. Communicating science effectively, however, is a complex task and an acquired skill. Moreover, the approaches to communicating science that will be most effective for specific audiences and circumstances are not obvious. Fortunately, there is an expanding science base from diverse disciplines that can support science communicators in making these determinations. Communicating Science Effectively offers a research agenda for science communicators and researchers seeking to apply this research and fill gaps in knowledge about how to communicate effectively about science, focusing in particular on issues that are contentious in the public sphere. To inform this research agenda, this publication identifies important influences â€" psychological, economic, political, social, cultural, and media-related â€" on how science related to such issues is understood, perceived, and used.

Author : Daniel R. Sarewitz,Roger A. Pielke (Jr.),Radford Byerly,Roger A. Pielke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2000-04
Category : Education
ISBN : UCSD:31822028425809

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Prediction by Daniel R. Sarewitz,Roger A. Pielke (Jr.),Radford Byerly,Roger A. Pielke Pdf

Based upon ten case studies, Prediction explores how science-based predictions guide policy making and what this means in terms of global warming, biogenetically modifying organisms and polluting the environment with chemicals.

Author : Aldo G. S. Ventre,Antonio Maturo,Šárka Hošková-Mayerová,Janusz Kacprzyk
Publisher : Springer
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642356353

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Multicriteria and Multiagent Decision Making with Applications to Economics and Social Sciences by Aldo G. S. Ventre,Antonio Maturo,Šárka Hošková-Mayerová,Janusz Kacprzyk Pdf

The book provides a comprehensive and timely report on the topic of decision making and decision analysis in economics and the social sciences. The various contributions included in the book, selected using a peer review process, present important studies and research conducted in various countries around the globe. The majority of these studies are concerned with the analysis, modeling and formalization of the behavior of groups or committees that are in charge of making decisions of social and economic importance. Decisions in these contexts have to meet precise coherence standards and achieve a significant degree of sharing, consensus and acceptance, even in uncertain and fuzzy environments. This necessitates the confluence of several research fields, such as foundations of social choice and decision making, mathematics, complexity, psychology, sociology and economics. A large spectrum of problems that may be encountered during decision making and decision analysis in the areas of economics and the social sciences, together with a broad range of tools and techniques that may be used to solve those problems, are presented in detail in this book, making it an ideal reference work for all those interested in analyzing and implementing mathematical tools for application to relevant issues involving the economy and society.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009-01-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309177610

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Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine Pdf

Environmental health decision making can be a complex undertaking, as there is the need to navigate and find balance among three core elements: science, policy, and the needs of the American public. Policy makers often grapple with how to make appropriate decisions when the research is uncertain. The challenge for the policy maker is to make the right decision with the best available data in a transparent process. The Environmental Health Sciences Decision Making workshop, the first in a series, was convened to inform the Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine on emerging issues in risk management, "weight of evidence," and ethics that influence environmental health decision making. The workshop, summarized in this volume, included an overview of the principles underlying decision making, the role of evidence and challenges for vulnerable populations, and ethical issues of conflict of interest, scientific integrity, and transparency. The workshop engaged science interest groups, industry, government, and the academic sector.

Author : Wuke Zhang,Peter Ping Li,Jie Yu,Liuting Diao,Senqing Qi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-03-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832516355

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Managerial Decision-Making From the Perspectives of Behavioral Science and Neuroscience by Wuke Zhang,Peter Ping Li,Jie Yu,Liuting Diao,Senqing Qi Pdf

Author : ANGELA ELDER
Publisher : ANGELA ELDER
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-01-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798869281432

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The Science of Decision Making by ANGELA ELDER Pdf

"The Science of Decision Making: Rationality in Business" is a captivating exploration of the cognitive processes and psychological factors that influence decision-making in the business world. This insightful book delves into the principles of behavioral economics, neuroscience, and decision theory to uncover the underlying mechanisms behind human choices. From understanding biases and heuristics to applying evidence-based strategies for making sound decisions, each chapter offers practical insights and actionable techniques to help business leaders enhance their decision-making skills. Whether you're faced with complex strategic decisions or day-to-day choices, "The Science of Decision Making" equips you with the knowledge and tools needed to navigate uncertainty, mitigate risks, and optimize outcomes in business contexts. With real-world examples and expert analysis, this book is an indispensable resource for anyone seeking to make more informed and rational decisions in today's fast-paced and competitive business environment.

Author : Institute of Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Panel on NSF Decisionmaking for Major Awards
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1994-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309050296

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Major Award Decisionmaking at the National Science Foundation by Institute of Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Panel on NSF Decisionmaking for Major Awards Pdf

As part of its mission to foster high-quality scientific and engineering research, the National Science Foundation (NSF) plans, grants, and administers major awards to universities and other research institutions for national research facilities, multidisciplinary research centers, and other large-scale research projects. Although few in number, less than 100, such projects account for about 30 percent of NSF's annual research budget. This book provides a useful overview of how such projects are planned, reviews proposals for merit, and evaluates ongoing projects for renewal awards. The panel makes a series of recommendations for strengthening major award decisionmaking.