Sea Peoples Of The Bronze Age Mediterranean C 1400 Bc 1000 Bc

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Sea Peoples of the Bronze Age Mediterranean c.1400 BC–1000 BC

Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Sea Peoples of the Bronze Age Mediterranean c 1400 BC 1000 BC Book PDF

Author : Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472806833

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Sea Peoples of the Bronze Age Mediterranean c.1400 BC–1000 BC by Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti Pdf

This title features the latest historical and archaeological research into the mysterious and powerful confederations of raiders who troubled the Eastern Mediterranean in the last half of the Bronze Age. Research into the origins of the so-called Shardana, Shekelesh, Danuna, Lukka, Peleset and other peoples is a detective 'work in progress'. However, it is known that they both provided the Egyptian pharaohs with mercenaries, and were listed among Egypt's enemies and invaders. They contributed to the collapse of several civilizations through their dreaded piracy and raids, and their waves of attacks were followed by major migrations that changed the face of this region, from modern Libya and Cyprus to the Aegean, mainland Greece, Lebanon and Anatolian Turkey. Drawing on carved inscriptions and papyrus documents – mainly from Egypt – dating from the 15th–11th centuries BC, as well as carved reliefs of the Medinet Habu, this title reconstructs the formidable appearance and even the tactics of the famous 'Sea Peoples'.

Sea Peoples of the Bronze Age Mediterranean c.1400 BC–1000 BC

Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Sea Peoples of the Bronze Age Mediterranean c 1400 BC 1000 BC Book PDF

Author : Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472806826

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Sea Peoples of the Bronze Age Mediterranean c.1400 BC–1000 BC by Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti Pdf

This title features the latest historical and archaeological research into the mysterious and powerful confederations of raiders who troubled the Eastern Mediterranean in the last half of the Bronze Age. Research into the origins of the so-called Shardana, Shekelesh, Danuna, Lukka, Peleset and other peoples is a detective 'work in progress'. However, it is known that they both provided the Egyptian pharaohs with mercenaries, and were listed among Egypt's enemies and invaders. They contributed to the collapse of several civilizations through their dreaded piracy and raids, and their waves of attacks were followed by major migrations that changed the face of this region, from modern Libya and Cyprus to the Aegean, mainland Greece, Lebanon and Anatolian Turkey. Drawing on carved inscriptions and papyrus documents – mainly from Egypt – dating from the 15th–11th centuries BC, as well as carved reliefs of the Medinet Habu, this title reconstructs the formidable appearance and even the tactics of the famous 'Sea Peoples'.

Early Aegean Warrior 5000–1450 BC

Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Early Aegean Warrior 5000 1450 BC Book PDF

Author : Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781780968599

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Early Aegean Warrior 5000–1450 BC by Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti Pdf

The mainland and islands of Greece were extensively settled by peoples moving from Asia Minor in c.5000 BC, while a further wave in c.5000 BC introduced bronze-working to the region. It is form this point on that it is possible to discern a distinct Cycladic or Aegean civilisation, developing at roughly the same time as the Egyptian and Persian civilisations. Further to the south, the Minoan civilisation based on Crete held sway, and this power – along with the Helladic Achaeans to the north gradually swamped the Cycladic civilisation in between. In common with most Bronze Age societies, the culture of the Aegean world was dominated by warfare, with the inhabitants living in organized settlements and small citadels with fortification walls and bulwarks, towers and gates to provide protection against invaders from the sea or internecine conflicts. Using the latest archaeological evidence, this title recreates the world of these peoples through a detailed examination of their material culture.

The Sea Peoples

Nancy K. Sandars
The Sea Peoples Book PDF

Author : Nancy K. Sandars
Publisher : Thames & Hudson
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : History
ISBN : 0500273871

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The Sea Peoples by Nancy K. Sandars Pdf

Draws upon archaeological findings to reveal the nature and origins of the seafaring peoples who nearly destroyed East Mediterranean civilization in the thirteenth century B.C

The Philistines and Aegean Migration at the End of the Late Bronze Age

Assaf Yasur-Landau
The Philistines and Aegean Migration at the End of the Late Bronze Age Book PDF

Author : Assaf Yasur-Landau
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2014-06-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781139485876

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The Philistines and Aegean Migration at the End of the Late Bronze Age by Assaf Yasur-Landau Pdf

In this study, Assaf Yasur-Landau examines the early history of the biblical Philistines who were among the 'Sea Peoples' who migrated from the Aegean area to the Levant during the early twelfth century BC. Creating an archaeological narrative of the migration of the Philistines, he combines an innovative theoretical framework on the archaeology of migration with new data from excavations in Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel and thereby reconstructs the social history of the Aegean migration to the southern Levant. The author follows the story of the migrants from the conditions that caused the Philistines to leave their Aegean homes, to their movement eastward along the sea and land routes, to their formation of a migrant society in Philistia and their interaction with local populations in the Levant. Based on the most up-to-date evidence, this book offers a new and fresh understanding of the arrival of the Philistines in the Levant.

Bronze Age Greek Warrior 1600–1100 BC

Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Bronze Age Greek Warrior 1600 1100 BC Book PDF

Author : Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Publisher : Osprey Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2011-03-22
Category : History
ISBN : 1849081956

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Bronze Age Greek Warrior 1600–1100 BC by Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti Pdf

Osprey's survey of Greek warriors of the period of the Bronze Age from 1600 to 1100 BC. More than a century has passed past since German archeologist Heinrich Schliemann discovered the treasures of Bronze Age Mycenae. The richly decorated artifacts of the entombed warriors, whose bodies still lay in their graves, confirmed that Homer's epic The Iliad was based upon true events, and that the Achaeans described in his poems probably did exist. Through a combined study of the mythical tradition, archeological findings, and written sources, this fascinating addition to the Warrior series explores the evolution of warfare in the Bronze Age Greek world. Covering weaponry, clothing, helmets, and body armor, it provides a richly illustrated guide to the warriors who have shone from the pages of Homer's poem for almost three millennia.

Bronze Age War Chariots

Nic Fields
Bronze Age War Chariots Book PDF

Author : Nic Fields
Publisher : Osprey Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2006-01-31
Category : History
ISBN : 1841769444

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Bronze Age War Chariots by Nic Fields Pdf

Chariots, the first mobile fighting vehicle, seem to have originated in Mesopotamia in the third millennium BC. The highly mobile two-wheeled war chariot, carrying a driver and an archer armed with a short composite bow, revolutionized military tactics after 1700 BC. This expensive weapon spread throughout the Middle East and is thought to have reached Egypt with the conquering Hyksos. It spread into Asia Minor, Greece, and was known in Northern Europe by 1500 BC. This book covers the evolution of the war chariot throughout the Bronze Age, detailing its design, development and combat history - in particular its fundamental involvement at the battle of Qadesh.

The Sea Peoples

Charles River Charles River Editors
The Sea Peoples Book PDF

Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2017-01-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 154276484X

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The Sea Peoples by Charles River Charles River Editors Pdf

*Includes pictures *Includes ancient accounts of the Sea Peoples *Discusses theories about the Sea Peoples' origins *Includes a bibliography for further reading "The [Egyptian] charioteers were warriors...and all good officers, ready of hand. Their horses were quivering in their every limb, ready to crush the [foreign] countries under their feet...Those who reached my boundary, their seed is not; their heart and soul are finished forever and ever." - An inscription made during the reign of Ramesses III When scholars look at the passage of history, certain epochs and transitions to new periods tend to stand out. The transition from the early modern to the Industrial Age in the late 18th century and the collapse of the Roman Empire are two of the more well known, but the transition from the Bronze to the Iron Age during the late 13th and early 12th centuries BCE arguably changed the structure and course of world history more fundamentally than any period before or since. During this period, numerous wealthy and enduring kingdoms of the eastern Mediterranean Sea region collapsed, and new ones rose in their places. At the center of this period of turmoil was a group of people known today as the Sea Peoples, the English translation of the name given to them by the Egyptians. Despite their prominent role in history, however, the Sea Peoples remain as mysterious as they were influential; while the Egyptians documented their presence and the wars against them, it has never been clear exactly where the Sea Peoples originated from, or what compelled them to invade various parts of the region with massive numbers. Whatever the reason, the Sea Peoples posed an existential threat to the people already living in the region, as noted by an Egyptian inscription: "The foreign countries (i.e. Sea Peoples) made a conspiracy in their islands. All at once the lands were removed and scattered in the fray. No land could stand before their arms: from Hatti, Qode, Carchemish, Arzawa and Alashiya on, being cut off (i.e. destroyed) at one time. A camp was set up in Amurru. They desolated its people, and its land was like that which has never come into being. They were coming forward toward Egypt, while the flame was prepared before them. Their confederation was the Peleset, Tjeker, Shekelesh, Denyen and Weshesh, lands united. They laid their hands upon the land as far as the circuit of the earth, their hearts confident and trusting: 'Our plans will succeed!'" As with any historical matter from the ancient world, the sources can be a problem. The ancient Egyptians recorded their interactions with the Sea Peoples in both written texts and in pictorial reliefs and thus provide the most complete contemporary description of them, but the nature of ancient Egyptian historiography was quite different than the modern concept, so the sources cannot be considered entirely reliable. Later Greek sources, both historiographical and mythological, can help fill in some more details, but those sources are suspect because they were written several centuries after the emergence of the Sea Peoples. Modern archaeology is beneficial in determining how people lived and possibly where they moved, but there are also problems when one relies too much on archaeological data because the dating of material culture is not an exact science. Finally, linguistic evidence is often employed to determine the geographic origins and eventual landing points of many of the Sea Peoples, but confusion often arises if a group's demonym refers specifically to their place of origin or final home. Naturally, the mystery surrounding the Sea Peoples has led to all kinds of theories aiming to identify them. While plenty of theories are plausible, there are other fanciful theories that have attempted to associate the Sea Peoples with the Atlantic Ocean and even Troy.

Peoples of the Sea

Immanuel Velikovsky
Peoples of the Sea Book PDF

Author : Immanuel Velikovsky
Publisher : Paradigma Ltd
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : History
ISBN : 9781906833756

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Peoples of the Sea by Immanuel Velikovsky Pdf

"Peoples of the Sea" is the culmination of the series "Ages in Chaos." Here the erroneous time shift of classical history reaches its maximum span - 800 years! With carefully documented evidence Velikovsky unveils the identity of the "Peoples of the Sea", clarifies the role of the Philistines and solves the enigma of the Dynasty of Priests.

Early Iron Age Greek Warrior 1100–700 BC

Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Early Iron Age Greek Warrior 1100 700 BC Book PDF

Author : Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2016-08-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472815613

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Early Iron Age Greek Warrior 1100–700 BC by Raffaele D’Amato,Andrea Salimbeti Pdf

The period from 1200 BC onwards saw vast changes in every aspect of life on both the Greek mainland and islands as monarchies disappeared and were replaced by aristocratic rule and a new form of community developed: the city-state. Alongside these changes a new style of warfare developed which was to be the determining factor in land warfare in Greece until the defeat of the Greek city-state by the might of Macedonia at Chaeronea in 338 BC. This mode of warfare was based on a group of heavily armed infantrymen organized in a phalanx formation – the classic hoplite formation – and remained the system throughout the classical Greek period. This new title details this pivotal period that saw the transition from the Bronze Age warriors of Homer to the origins of the men who fought the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars.

The Mediterranean Sea and the Southern Levant

Jens Kamlah,Achim Lichtenberger
The Mediterranean Sea and the Southern Levant Book PDF

Author : Jens Kamlah,Achim Lichtenberger
Publisher : Harrassowitz
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-21
Category : Excavations (Archaeology)
ISBN : 3447117427

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The Mediterranean Sea and the Southern Levant by Jens Kamlah,Achim Lichtenberger Pdf

This volume, edited by Jens Kamlah and Achim Lichtenberger is a collection of a variety of original papers dealing with historical, cultural and mythological aspects of the Southern Levant in a Mediterranean context. The articles range from the Bronze Age to Medieval Times and aim at placing the Southern Levant within the thriving field of Mediterranean Studies. Several of the papers conceptualize the Southern Levant as a micro region connected with the broader Mediterranean. Other texts deal with specific questions of research history and critically evaluate established models of the relationship of the Southern Levant to the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, archaeologists discuss several important coastal sites by focusing on the Mediterranean face of the Southern Levant and the interconnectedness of land and sea by theses maritime hubs. This collection of papers by leading experts in the field offers a fresh look at the Southern Levant and ist place within the wider Mediterranean.

Hittite Warrior

Trevor Bryce
Hittite Warrior Book PDF

Author : Trevor Bryce
Publisher : Osprey Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2007-08-21
Category : History
ISBN : 1846030811

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Hittite Warrior by Trevor Bryce Pdf

Written by Trevor Bryce, one of the world's leading experts on the Hittites, this book charts the rise and fall of a warrior people famed for their ferocity, who built an empire which stretched from Mesopotamia to Syria and Palestine. Regarded as barbarians by the Egyptians, for a hundred years the Hittites fought a draining war against the Egyptians - the climax of which saw the Hittites defeated and their 400-year-old empire destroyed at the Battle of Qadesh (1274 BC). Thought to have invented iron, used to forge their weapons, and known for pioneering a revolutionary three-man chariot system, Bryce details the day-to-day lives of Hittite warriors. He examines their training, equipment, tactics, and motivations, as well as their unique attitude to religion which saw them adopt the gods of the people they conquered. The inclusion of a Hittite manual which describes, in detail, the training of horses and the warriors that rode them in battle, as well as original full color illustrations make this book a fascinating and enlightening addition to an often ignored subject.

1177 B.C.

Eric H. Cline
1177 B C Book PDF

Author : Eric H. Cline
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2015-09-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691168388

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1177 B.C. by Eric H. Cline Pdf

A bold reassessment of what caused the Late Bronze Age collapse In 1177 B.C., marauding groups known only as the "Sea Peoples" invaded Egypt. The pharaoh's army and navy managed to defeat them, but the victory so weakened Egypt that it soon slid into decline, as did most of the surrounding civilizations. After centuries of brilliance, the civilized world of the Bronze Age came to an abrupt and cataclysmic end. Kingdoms fell like dominoes over the course of just a few decades. No more Minoans or Mycenaeans. No more Trojans, Hittites, or Babylonians. The thriving economy and cultures of the late second millennium B.C., which had stretched from Greece to Egypt and Mesopotamia, suddenly ceased to exist, along with writing systems, technology, and monumental architecture. But the Sea Peoples alone could not have caused such widespread breakdown. How did it happen? In this major new account of the causes of this "First Dark Ages," Eric Cline tells the gripping story of how the end was brought about by multiple interconnected failures, ranging from invasion and revolt to earthquakes, drought, and the cutting of international trade routes. Bringing to life the vibrant multicultural world of these great civilizations, he draws a sweeping panorama of the empires and globalized peoples of the Late Bronze Age and shows that it was their very interdependence that hastened their dramatic collapse and ushered in a dark age that lasted centuries. A compelling combination of narrative and the latest scholarship, 1177 B.C. sheds new light on the complex ties that gave rise to, and ultimately destroyed, the flourishing civilizations of the Late Bronze Age—and that set the stage for the emergence of classical Greece.

Ancient Israel at War 853–586 BC

Brad Kelle
Ancient Israel at War 853 586 BC Book PDF

Author : Brad Kelle
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781472810304

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Ancient Israel at War 853–586 BC by Brad Kelle Pdf

Complex and unstable, in 922 BC the kingdom of Ancient Israel was divided into Judah, in the South, and Israel, in the North. For the next 200 years, there was almost constant warring between these kingdoms and their neighbors. These bitter feuds eventually led to the collapse of Israel, leaving Judah as a surviving nation until the emergence of the Babylonian Empire, the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BC, and the exile of the Judean people. Using ancient Jewish, Biblical, and other contemporary sources, this title examines the politics, fighting, and consequences of Israel's battles during this period. Focusing on the turbulent relationship between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, this book explains Israel's complex, often bloody, foreign policy, and provides a definitive history of these ancient conflicts.

The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean

Eric H. Cline
The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean Book PDF

Author : Eric H. Cline
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 976 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190240752

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The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean by Eric H. Cline Pdf

The Greek Bronze Age, roughly 3000 to 1000 BCE, witnessed the flourishing of the Minoan and Mycenean civilizations, the earliest expansion of trade in the Aegean and wider Mediterranean Sea, the development of artistic techniques in a variety of media, and the evolution of early Greek religious practices and mythology. The period also witnessed a violent conflict in Asia Minor between warring peoples in the region, a conflict commonly believed to be the historical basis for Homer's Trojan War. The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean provides a detailed survey of these fascinating aspects of the period, and many others, in sixty-six newly commissioned articles. Divided into four sections, the handbook begins with Background and Definitions, which contains articles establishing the discipline in its historical, geographical, and chronological settings and in its relation to other disciplines. The second section, Chronology and Geography, contains articles examining the Bronze Age Aegean by chronological period (Early Bronze Age, Middle Bronze Age, Late Bronze Age). Each of the periods are further subdivided geographically, so that individual articles are concerned with Mainland Greece during the Early Bronze Age, Crete during the Early Bronze Age, the Cycladic Islands during the Early Bronze Age, and the same for the Middle Bronze Age, followed by the Late Bronze Age. The third section, Thematic and Specific Topics, includes articles examining thematic topics that cannot be done justice in a strictly chronological/geographical treatment, including religion, state and society, trade, warfare, pottery, writing, and burial customs, as well as specific events, such as the eruption of Santorini and the Trojan War. The fourth section, Specific Sites and Areas, contains articles examining the most important regions and sites in the Bronze Age Aegean, including Mycenae, Tiryns, Pylos, Knossos, Kommos, Rhodes, the northern Aegean, and the Uluburun shipwreck, as well as adjacent areas such as the Levant, Egypt, and the western Mediterranean. Containing new work by an international team of experts, The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean represents the most comprehensive, authoritative, and up-to-date single-volume survey of the field. It will be indispensable for scholars and advanced students alike.