Second Language Acquisition And The Critical Period Hypothesis

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Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis

David Birdsong
Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis Book PDF

Author : David Birdsong
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781135674892

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Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis by David Birdsong Pdf

Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis is the only book on the market to provide a diverse collection of perspectives, from experienced researchers, on the role of the Critical Period Hypothesis in second language acquisition. It is widely believed that age effects in both first and second language acquisition are developmental in nature, with native levels of attainment in both to be though possible only if learning began before the closure of a "window of opportunity" – a critical or sensitive period. These seven chapters explore this idea at length, with each contribution acting as an authoritative look at various domains of inquiry in second language acquisition, including syntax, morphology, phonetics/phonology, Universal Grammar, and neurofunctional factors. By presenting readers with an evenly-balanced take on the topic with viewpoints both for and against the Critical Period Hypothesis, this book is the ideal guide to understanding this critical body of research in SLA, for students and researchers in Applied Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition.

Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis

David Birdsong
Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis Book PDF

Author : David Birdsong
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1999-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781135674885

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Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis by David Birdsong Pdf

In language learning, the rule of thumb is: the earlier the better. Children exposed to language from birth are uniformly successful in first language acquisition (L1A), whereas those deprived of contact with language during childhood are pathologically deficient. In second language acquisition (L2A), the difficulty of learning after puberty is routinely attested anecdotally and has been the subject of numerous scientific studies. It is widely believed that age effects in both are developmental in nature. Native levels of attainment in L1A and L2A are thought to be possible only if learning began before the closure of a "window of opportunity"--a critical or sensitive period. Increasingly, this popular wisdom is being called into question. Triggering this reevaluation is evidence that some late-starting learners achieve native-like competence in a second language and evidence of age effects past the presumed closure of the window of opportunity for learning. As the debate takes shape, some of the most renowned researchers in the field are weighing in on the issue. Their thoughts and evidence are presented in this volume. The chapters approach the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH) from diverse perspectives and are evenly balanced in favor of and against the CPH-L2A. Each of the contributors brings authority and an international reputation to the question. As the papers encompass many domains of inquiry in L2A--syntax, morphology, phonetics/phonology, Universal Grammar, and neurofunctional factors in language--this volume should appeal to a wide audience of researchers and advanced students.

Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis

David Birdsong
Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis Book PDF

Author : David Birdsong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : Second language acquisition
ISBN : 041574508X

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Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis by David Birdsong Pdf

This text provides a diverse collection of perspectives, from experienced researchers, on the role of the critical period hypothesis in second language acquisition.

The Age Factor in Second Language Acquisition

David Michael Singleton,Zsolt Lengyel
The Age Factor in Second Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : David Michael Singleton,Zsolt Lengyel
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1995-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 185359301X

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The Age Factor in Second Language Acquisition by David Michael Singleton,Zsolt Lengyel Pdf

This book takes a hard look at some of the assumptions that are customarily made concerning the role of age in second language acquisition. The evidence and arguments the contributors present run counter to the notion that an early start in second language learning is of itself either absolutely sufficient or necessary for the attainment of native-like mastery of a second language. Another theme of the book is a doubt that there is a particular stage of maturity beyond which language learning is no longer fully possible. In short, the book presents a challenge to those who take it as given that second language learning is inevitably different in its essential nature from language acquisition in the childhood years and that second language knowledge acquired beyond the critical period is in all circumstances and in all respects doomed to fossilize at a non-native-like level.

The Cambridge Handbook of Biolinguistics

Cedric Boeckx,Kleanthes K. Grohmann
The Cambridge Handbook of Biolinguistics Book PDF

Author : Cedric Boeckx,Kleanthes K. Grohmann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-03-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1108454100

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The Cambridge Handbook of Biolinguistics by Cedric Boeckx,Kleanthes K. Grohmann Pdf

Biolinguistics involves the study of language from a broad perspective that embraces natural sciences, helping us better to understand the fundamentals of the faculty of language. This Handbook offers the most comprehensive state-of-the-field survey of the subject available. A team of prominent scholars working in a variety of disciplines is brought together to examine language development, language evolution and neuroscience, as well as providing overviews of the conceptual landscape of the field. The Handbook includes work at the forefront of contemporary research devoted to the evidence for a language instinct, the critical period hypothesis, grammatical maturation, bilingualism, the relation between mind and brain and the role of natural selection in language evolution. It will be welcomed by graduate students and researchers in a wide range of disciplines, including linguistics, evolutionary biology and cognitive science.

The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism

François Grosjean,Ping Li
The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism Book PDF

Author : François Grosjean,Ping Li
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2013-01-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781444332780

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The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism by François Grosjean,Ping Li Pdf

The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism presents a comprehensive introduction to the foundations of bilingualism, covering language processing, language acquisition, cognition and the bilingual brain. This thorough introduction to the psycholinguistics of bilingualism is accessible to non-specialists with little previous exposure to the field Introduces students to the methodological approaches currently employed in the field, including observation, experimentation, verbal and computational modelling, and brain imaging Examines spoken and written language processing, simultaneous and successive language acquisition, bilingual memory and cognitive effects, and neurolinguistic and neuro-computational models of the bilingual brain Written in an accessible style by two of the field’s leading researchers, together with contributions from internationally-renowned scholars Featuring chapter-by-chapter research questions, this is an essential resource for those seeking insights into the bilingual mind and our current knowledge of the cognitive basis of bilingualism

The Critical Period Hypothesis

Sabine Starzer
The Critical Period Hypothesis Book PDF

Author : Sabine Starzer
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 14 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-25
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9783656549765

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The Critical Period Hypothesis by Sabine Starzer Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2, University of Vienna (Anglistik), course: Proseminar Linguistik, language: English, abstract: When it comes to learning a language, there seems to be a certain period in which a child must acquire the basic competences in order to be able to understand and use language. This ́window of opportunity ́ is also called ́critical period ́ and has been the subject of much research over the last decades. Especially for future language teachers, the question about the existence of such a critical period for second language acquisition as well arises. This paper examines the actual research on critical period for second language acquisition and sheds light on the on-going academic discussion. The paper proceeds as follows: section 2 provides a short description of the Critical Period Hypothesis and sheds light on biological and neurological aspects of language learning. In section 3 recent findings of research according to critical periods in second language acquisition are presented and discussed. Section 4 contains a list with personal characteristics and strategies having emerged out of different studies. These characteristics might help second language learners to gain more success in their goal to reach the status of native speakers. This of course can also be useful for language teachers who want to support their learners. Section 5 provides a short conclusion.

Essential Topics in Applied Linguistics and Multilingualism

Mirosław Pawlak,Larissa Aronin
Essential Topics in Applied Linguistics and Multilingualism Book PDF

Author : Mirosław Pawlak,Larissa Aronin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-09-18
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783319014142

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Essential Topics in Applied Linguistics and Multilingualism by Mirosław Pawlak,Larissa Aronin Pdf

This book brings together papers dealing with essential issues in applied linguistics and multilingualism that have been contributed by leading figures in these two fields and present state-of-the-art developments in theory and research. The first part includes articles touching on various aspects of multiple-language acquisition, with a particular emphasis on the role of affordances, the interfaces between language and thought, and factors influencing the process of language learning. Part Two deals with individual variations in the acquisition of additional languages, focusing in particular on the impact of such variables as age, aptitude, motivation and learning deficits. Finally, Part Three presents contributions illuminating key issues in the acquisition of different subsystems and skills, such as grammar, phonology, lexis and writing systems. Thanks to the diversity of perspectives on applied linguistics and multilingualism, as well as the cutting-edge nature of some of the proposals, this edited collection will be an important reference work and a source of inspiration for theorists and researchers.

Problems in Second Language Acquisition

Michael H. Long
Problems in Second Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : Michael H. Long
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-25
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781351553117

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Problems in Second Language Acquisition by Michael H. Long Pdf

Second language acquisition has an identity problem. It is a young field struggling to emerge from the parent fields of education and applied linguistics. In his new book, Problems in Second Language Acquisition, Mike Long proposes a way to help second language acquisition develop a systematic and coherent focus using the philosophy of science as the lens. The volume is neatly organized into three parts--theory, research, and practice. This structure allows a focus on areas of SLA of interest to many in the field. These include theory proliferation and comparative theory evaluation; the Critical Period Hypothesis and negative feedback; and the practice of “synthetic” language teaching. The controversial volume will be of interest to researchers, educators, and graduate students in second language acquisition, applied linguistics, TESOL, and linguistics programs. It may be recommended as additional reading for an introductory SLA course in order to stimulate class discussions.

Key Questions in Second Language Acquisition

Bill VanPatten,Megan Smith,Alessandro G. Benati
Key Questions in Second Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : Bill VanPatten,Megan Smith,Alessandro G. Benati
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781108486668

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Key Questions in Second Language Acquisition by Bill VanPatten,Megan Smith,Alessandro G. Benati Pdf

An introduction to the key questions that drive the field of L2 acquisition research, including its historical foundations.

Ultimate Attainment in Second Language Acquisition

Donna Lardiere
Ultimate Attainment in Second Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : Donna Lardiere
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-25
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781351538237

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Ultimate Attainment in Second Language Acquisition by Donna Lardiere Pdf

The first book-length treatment of its type, Ultimate Attainment in Second Language Acquisition is a case study with a solid theoretical grounding that examines the language of an immigrant learner of English, and thereby presents a much needed understanding of the linguistic competence of second language speakers. Based on longitudinal data collected over a period of 16 years, this clear and accessible presentation is well-grounded in linguistic theory and in second language acquisition research issues. Author Donna Lardiere presents the narrative of Patty, an adult Chinese immigrant learner of English, who achieves native-like proficiency in some areas of her English idiolect, although reaches a plateau in her language acquisition, known as the concept of fossilization. By addressing this concept, a central idea in second language acquisition research, Lardiere fills a void in existing literature. Individual chapters focus on Patty’s end state knowledge of grammatical areas of finiteness, past-tense marking, word order, wh-movement and relativization, passivization, number marking, and use of determiners. Important topics discussed throughout the book include: *learner variability in production; *case study methodology; *the roles of motivation and prior language (L1) knowledge; and *sensitivity to input in circumscribing ultimate attainment in adult second language acquisition. Ultimate Attainment in Second Language Acquisition is intended for anyone whose research is in the areas of second language acquisition, language acquisition, theoretical, applied, or developmental linguistics. It is also appropriate for graduate level students of TESOL and teachers who work with more advanced learners of foreign languages.

Meaning in the Second Language

Roumyana Slabakova
Meaning in the Second Language Book PDF

Author : Roumyana Slabakova
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2008-12-10
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110211511

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Meaning in the Second Language by Roumyana Slabakova Pdf

This book reviews recent research on the second language acquisition of meaning with a view of establishing whether there is a critical period for the acquisition of compositional semantics. A modular approach to language architecture is assumed. The book addresses the Critical Period Hypothesis by examining the positive side of language development: it demonstrates which modules of the grammar are easy to acquire and are not subject to age effects. The Bottleneck Hypothesis is proposed, which argues that inflectional morphology and its features present the most formidable challenge, while syntax and phrasal semantics pose less difficulty to learners. Findings from the neurofunctional imaging (PET, fMRI) and electrophysiology (ERPs) of L2 comprehension are reviewed and critically examined. Since it is argued that experimental tasks in those studies are mostly in need of linguistic refinement, evidence from behavioral studies of L2 acquisition of semantics are brought to bear on comprehension modeling. Learning situations are divided into two types: those presenting learners with complex syntax, but simple semantics; and those offering complex semantic mismatches in simple syntactic contexts. The numerous studies of both types reviewed in the book indicate that there is no barrier to ultimate success in the acquisition of phrasal semantics.

Tutorials in Bilingualism

Annette M.B. de Groot,Judith F. Kroll
Tutorials in Bilingualism Book PDF

Author : Annette M.B. de Groot,Judith F. Kroll
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-12
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317779384

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Tutorials in Bilingualism by Annette M.B. de Groot,Judith F. Kroll Pdf

The past fifteen years have witnessed an increasing interest in the cognitive study of the bilingual. A major reason why psychologists, psycholinguists, applied linguists, neuropsychologists, and educators have pursued this topic at an accelerating pace presumably is the acknowledgment by increasingly large numbers of language researchers that the incidence of monolingualism in individual language users may be lower than that of bilingualism. This alleged numerical imbalance between monolinguals and bilinguals may be expected to become larger due to increasing international travel through, for instance, tourism and trade, to the growing use of international communication networks, and to the fact that in some parts of the world (i.e., Europe), the borders between countries are effectively disappearing. In addition to the growing awareness that bilinguals are very common and may even outnumber monolinguals, there is the dawning understanding that the bilingual mind is not simply the sum of the cognitive processes associated with each of the two monolingual modes, and that the two languages of bilingual may interact with one another in complicated ways. To gain a genuinely universal account of human cognition will therefore require a detailed understanding of language use by both pure monolinguals as well as bilinguals, unbalanced and balanced, and of the representations and processes involved. These two insights, that bilingualism is a common human condition and that it may influence cognition, were presumably instrumental in putting bilingualism on the agendas of many researchers of cognition and language in recent years. But other reasons may have played a role too: The study of bilingualism also provides a unique opportunity to study the relation between language and thought. A final reason for the growing interest in this area of research is the awareness that bilingualism may confer the benefit of broadening one's scope beyond the limits of one's own country and culture. This book serves as an excellent introduction to the important topics in the psycholinguistic study of bilingualism. The chapters represent a comprehensive and interrelated set of topics that form the core of contemporary research on the psycholinguistics of bilingualism. The issues raised within this perspective not only increase our understanding of the nature of language and thought in bilinguals but also of the basic nature of the mental architecture that supports the ability to use more than one language.

Age and the Rate of Foreign Language Learning

Carmen Muñoz
Age and the Rate of Foreign Language Learning Book PDF

Author : Carmen Muñoz
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2006-07-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781847699770

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Age and the Rate of Foreign Language Learning by Carmen Muñoz Pdf

This book examines the various ways in which age affects the process and the product of foreign language learning in a school setting. It presents studies that cover a wide range of topics, from phonetics to learning strategies. It will be of interest to students and researchers working in SLA research, language planning and language teaching.

Language Acquisition

David Michael Singleton,Lisa Ryan
Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : David Michael Singleton,Lisa Ryan
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1853597570

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Language Acquisition by David Michael Singleton,Lisa Ryan Pdf

The authors examine the evidence relative to the idea that there is an age factor in first & second language acquisition & goes on to explore the various explanations that have been advanced to account for such evidence. Finally, it looks at educational ramifications of the age question.