Sectarian Gulf

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Sectarian Gulf

Toby Matthiesen
Sectarian Gulf Book PDF

Author : Toby Matthiesen
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2013-07-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780804787222

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Sectarian Gulf by Toby Matthiesen Pdf

As popular uprisings spread across the Middle East, popular wisdom often held that the Gulf States would remain beyond the fray. In Sectarian Gulf, Toby Matthiesen paints a very different picture, offering the first assessment of the Arab Spring across the region. With first-hand accounts of events in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait, Matthiesen tells the story of the early protests, and illuminates how the regimes quickly suppressed these movements. Pitting citizen against citizen, the regimes have warned of an increasing threat from the Shia population. Relations between the Gulf regimes and their Shia citizens have soured to levels as bad as 1979, following the Iranian revolution. Since the crackdown on protesters in Bahrain in mid-March 2011, the "Shia threat" has again become the catchall answer to demands for democratic reform and accountability. While this strategy has ensured regime survival in the short term, Matthiesen warns of the dire consequences this will have—for the social fabric of the Gulf States, for the rise of transnational Islamist networks, and for the future of the Middle East.

Sectarian Politics in the Gulf

Frederic M. Wehrey
Sectarian Politics in the Gulf Book PDF

Author : Frederic M. Wehrey
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231536103

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Sectarian Politics in the Gulf by Frederic M. Wehrey Pdf

One of Foreign Policy's Best Five Books of 2013, chosen by Marc Lynch of The Middle East Channel Beginning with the 2003 invasion of Iraq and concluding with the aftermath of the 2011 Arab uprisings, Frederic M. Wehrey investigates the roots of the Shi'a-Sunni divide now dominating the Persian Gulf's political landscape. Focusing on three Gulf states affected most by sectarian tensions—Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait—Wehrey identifies the factors that have exacerbated or tempered sectarianism, including domestic political institutions, the media, clerical establishments, and the contagion effect of external regional events, such as the Iraq war, the 2006 Lebanon conflict, the Arab uprisings, and Syria's civil war. In addition to his analysis, Wehrey builds a historical narrative of Shi'a activism in the Arab Gulf since 2003, linking regional events to the development of local Shi'a strategies and attitudes toward citizenship, political reform, and transnational identity. He finds that, while the Gulf Shi'a were inspired by their coreligionists in Iraq, Iran, and Lebanon, they ultimately pursued greater rights through a nonsectarian, nationalist approach. He also discovers that sectarianism in the region has largely been the product of the institutional weaknesses of Gulf states, leading to excessive alarm by entrenched Sunni elites and calculated attempts by regimes to discredit Shi'a political actors as proxies for Iran, Iraq, or Lebanese Hizballah. Wehrey conducts interviews with nearly every major Shi'a leader, opinion shaper, and activist in the Gulf Arab states, as well as prominent Sunni voices, and consults diverse Arabic-language sources.

Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf

Lawrence G. Potter
Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf Book PDF

Author : Lawrence G. Potter
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780190237967

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Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf by Lawrence G. Potter Pdf

Long a taboo topic, as well as one that has alarmed outside powers, sectarian conflict in the Middle East is on the rise. The contributors to this book examine sectarian politics in the Persian Gulf, including the GCC states, Yemen, Iran and Iraq, and consider the origins and con- sequences of sectarianism broadly construed, as it affects ethnic, tribal and religious groups. They also present a theoretical and comparative framework for understanding sectarianism, as well as country-specific chapters based on recent research in the area. Key issues that are scrutinised include the nature of sectarianism, how identity moves from a passive to an active state, and the mechanisms that trigger conflict. The strategies of governments such as rentier economies and the 'invention' of partisan national histories that encourage or manage sectarian differences are also highlighted, as is the role of outside powers in fostering sectarian strife. The volume also seeks to clarify whether movements such as the Islamic revival or the Arab Spring obscure the continued salience of religious and ethnic cleavages.

The Other Saudis

Toby Matthiesen
The Other Saudis Book PDF

Author : Toby Matthiesen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107043046

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The Other Saudis by Toby Matthiesen Pdf

This book traces the politics of the Shia in the oil-rich Eastern Province of Sunni-dominated Saudi Arabia since the nineteenth century.

Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf

Lawrence G. Potter
Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf Book PDF

Author : Lawrence G. Potter
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780199377268

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Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf by Lawrence G. Potter Pdf

"Published in the United Kingdom in 2014 by C. Hurst & Co..""--Title page verso.

Beyond Sunni and Shia

Frederic M. Wehrey
Beyond Sunni and Shia Book PDF

Author : Frederic M. Wehrey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190876050

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Beyond Sunni and Shia by Frederic M. Wehrey Pdf

This collection seeks to advance our understanding of intra-Islamic identity conflict during a period of upheaval in the Middle East. Instead of treating distinctions between and within Sunni and Shia Islam as primordial and immutable, it examines how political economy, geopolitics, domestic governance, social media, non- and sub-state groups, and clerical elites have affected the transformation and diffusion of sectarian identities. Particular attention is paid to how conflicts over distribution of political and economic power have taken on a sectarian quality, and how a variety of actors have instrumentalized sectarianism. The volume, covering Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf, Iran, and Egypt, includes contributors from a broad array of disciplines including political science, history, sociology, and Islamic studies. Beyond Sunni and Shia draws on extensive fieldwork and primary sources to offer insights that are empirically rich and theoretically grounded, but also accessible for policy audiences and the informed public.

Contested Modernity

Omar H. AlShehabi
Contested Modernity Book PDF

Author : Omar H. AlShehabi
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9781786072924

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Contested Modernity by Omar H. AlShehabi Pdf

Discussions of the Arab world, particularly the Gulf States, increasingly focus on sectarianism and autocratic rule. These features are often attributed to the dominance of monarchs, Islamists, oil, and ‘ancient hatreds’. To understand their rise, however, one has to turn to a largely forgotten but decisive episode with far-reaching repercussions – Bahrain under British colonial rule in the early twentieth century. Drawing on a wealth of previously unexamined Arabic literature as well as British archives, Omar AlShehabi details how sectarianism emerged as a modern phenomenon in Bahrain. He shows how absolutist rule was born in the Gulf, under the tutelage of the British Raj, to counter nationalist and anti-colonial movements tied to the al-Nahda renaissance in the wider Arab world. A groundbreaking work, Contested Modernity challenges us to reconsider not only how we see the Gulf but the Middle East as a whole.

Transnational Shia Politics

Laurence Louër
Transnational Shia Politics Book PDF

Author : Laurence Louër
Publisher : Hurst Publishers
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781849042147

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Transnational Shia Politics by Laurence Louër Pdf

This book illuminates the historical origins and present situation of militant Shia transnational networks by focusing on three key countries in the Gulf, Kuwait, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, whose Shia Islamic groups are the offspring of Iraqi movements. The reshaping of the area's geopolitics after the Gulf War and the fall of Saddam Hussein in April 2003 have had a profound impact on transnational Shiite networks, pushing them to focus on national issues in the context of new political opportunities. For example, from being fierce opponents of the Saudi monarchy, Saudi Shiite militants have tended to become upholders of the Al-Sa'ud dynasty.The question remains, however, how deeply in society have these new beliefs taken root? Can Shiites be Saudi or Bahraini patriots? Louer concludes her book by analysing the transformation of the Shia' movements' relation to central religious authority, the marja', who reside either in Iraq and Iran. This is all the more problematic when the marja' is also the head of a state, as with Ali Khamenei of Iran, who has many followers in Bahrain and Kuwait.

Sectarian Politics in the Gulf

Frederic M. Wehrey
Sectarian Politics in the Gulf Book PDF

Author : Frederic M. Wehrey
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231165129

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Sectarian Politics in the Gulf by Frederic M. Wehrey Pdf

Beginning with the 2003 invasion of Iraq and concluding with the Arab uprisings of 2011, Frederic Wehrey investigates the Shi’a-Sunni divide now dominating the Persian Gulf ’s political landscape. Focusing on three states affected most by sectarian tensions—Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait—Wehrey identifies the factors that have exacerbated or tempered sectarianism, including domestic political institutions, the media, clerical establishments, and the contagion effect of external events, such as the Iraq civil war and the Arab uprisings. In addition to his analysis, Wehrey builds a historical narrative of Shi’ a activism in the Arab Gulf since 2003, linking regional events to the development of local Shi’a strategies and attitudes toward citizenship, political reform, and transnational identity. He finds that, while the Gulf Shi’a were inspired by their coreligionists in Iraq, Iran, and Lebanon, they ultimately pursued greater rights through a non-sectarian, nationalist approach. He also discovers that sectarianism in the Gulf has largely been the product of the institutional weaknesses of Gulf states, leading to excessive alarm by entrenched Sunni elites and calculated attempts by regimes to discredit Shi’a political actors as proxies for Iran, Iraq, or Lebanese Hizballah. Wehrey conducts interviews with nearly every major Shi’a leader, opinion shaper, and activist in the Gulf Arab states, as well as prominent Sunni voices, and consults diverse Arabic-language sources.

Gulf Security and the U.S. Military

Geoffrey F. Gresh
Gulf Security and the U S Military Book PDF

Author : Geoffrey F. Gresh
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780804795067

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Gulf Security and the U.S. Military by Geoffrey F. Gresh Pdf

The U.S. military maintains a significant presence across the Arabian Peninsula but it must now confront a new and emerging dynamic as most Gulf Cooperation Council countries have begun to diversify their political, economic, and security partnerships with countries other than the United States—with many turning to ascending powers such as China, Russia, and India. For Gulf Arab monarchies, the choice of security partner is made more complicated by increased domestic and regional instability stemming in part from Iraq, Syria, and a menacing Iran: factors that threaten to alter totally the Middle East security dynamic. Understanding the dynamics of base politicization in a Gulf host nation—or any other—is therefore vitally important for the U.S. today. Gulf National Security and the U.S. Military examines both Gulf Arab national security and U.S. military basing relations with Gulf Arab monarchy hosts from the Second World War to the present day. Three in-depth country cases—Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman—help explain the important questions posed by the author regarding when and why a host nation either terminated a U.S. military basing presence or granted U.S. military basing access. The analysis of the cases offers a fresh perspective on how the United States has adapted to sometimes rapidly shifting Middle East security dynamics and factors that influence a host nation's preference for eviction or renegotiation, based on its perception of internal versus external threats.

Understanding 'Sectarianism'

Fanar Haddad
Understanding Sectarianism Book PDF

Author : Fanar Haddad
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780197536100

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Understanding 'Sectarianism' by Fanar Haddad Pdf

"Sectarianism" is one of the most over-discussed yet under-analyzed concepts in debates about the Middle East. Despite the deluge of commentary, there is no agreement on what "sectarianism" is. Is it a social issue, one of dogmatic incompatibility, a historic one or one purely related to modern power politics? Is it something innately felt or politically imposed? Is it a product of modernity or its antithesis? Is it a function of the nation-state or its negation? This book seeks to move the study of modern sectarian dynamics beyond these analytically paralyzing dichotomies by shifting the focus away from the meaningless '-ism' towards the root: sectarian identity. How are Sunni and Shi'a identities imagined, experienced and negotiated and how do they relate to and interact with other identities? Looking at the modern history of the Arab world, Haddad seeks to understand sectarian identity not as a monochrome frame of identification but as a multi-layered concept that operates on several dimensions: religious, subnational, national and transnational. Far from a uniquely Middle Eastern, Arab, or Islamic phenomenon, a better understanding of sectarian identity reveals that the many facets of sectarian relations that are misleadingly labelled "sectarianism" are echoed in intergroup relations worldwide.

Sectarian Order in Bahrain

Staci Strobl
Sectarian Order in Bahrain Book PDF

Author : Staci Strobl
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781498541619

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Sectarian Order in Bahrain by Staci Strobl Pdf

Through the lens of a new interpretation of criminal justice history Sectarian Order in Bahrain focuses on a cache of colonial criminal cases dated 1924 to 1940. It outlines major shifts in notions of the social order, highlighting a sectarianism modus operandi within the colonial criminal justice system.

Faith in Numbers

Michael Hoffman
Faith in Numbers Book PDF

Author : Michael Hoffman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-01-18
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780197538036

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Faith in Numbers by Michael Hoffman Pdf

Why does religion sometimes increase support for democracy and sometimes do just the opposite? In Faith in Numbers, political scientist Michael Hoffman presents a theory of religion, group interest, and democracy. Focusing on communal religion, he demonstrates that the effect of communal prayer on support for democracy depends on the interests of the religious group in question. For members of groups who would benefit from democracy, communal prayer increases support for democratic institutions; for citizens whose groups would lose privileges in the event of democratic reforms, the opposite effect is present. Using a variety of data sources, Hoffman illustrates these claims in multiple contexts. He places particular emphasis on his study of Lebanon and Iraq, two countries in which sectarian divisions have played a major role in political development, by utilizing both existing and original surveys. By examining religious and political preferences among both Muslims and non-Muslims in several religiously diverse settings, Faith in Numbers shows that theological explanations of religion and democracy are inadequate. Rather, it demonstrates that religious identities and sectarian interests play a major part in determining regime preferences and illustrates how Islam in particular can be mobilized for both pro- and anti-democratic purposes. It finds that Muslim religious practice is not necessarily anti-democratic; in fact, in a number of settings, practicing Muslims are considerably more supportive of democracy than their secular counterparts. Theological differences alone do not determine whether members of religious groups tend to support or oppose democracy; rather, their participation in communal worship motivates them to view democracy through a sectarian lens.

Bahrain's Uprising

Ala'a Shehabi,Marc Owen Jones
Bahrain s Uprising Book PDF

Author : Ala'a Shehabi,Marc Owen Jones
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2015-09-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781783604364

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Bahrain's Uprising by Ala'a Shehabi,Marc Owen Jones Pdf

Amid the extensive coverage of the Arab uprisings, the Gulf state of Bahrain has been almost forgotten. Fusing historical and contemporary analysis, Bahrain’s Uprising seeks to fill this gap, examining the ongoing protests and state repression that continues today. Drawing on powerful testimonies, interviews, and conversations from those involved, this broad collection of writings by scholars and activists provides a rarely heard voice of the lived experience of Bahrainis, describing the way in which a sophisticated society, defined by a historical struggle, continues to hamper the efforts of the ruling elite to rebrand itself as a liberal monarchy.

Gulfization of the Arab World

Marc Owen Jones,Ross Porter,Marc Valeri
Gulfization of the Arab World Book PDF

Author : Marc Owen Jones,Ross Porter,Marc Valeri
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Arab countries
ISBN : 3959940327

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Gulfization of the Arab World by Marc Owen Jones,Ross Porter,Marc Valeri Pdf

From projecting ideology and influence, to maintaining a notion of 'Gulfness' through the selective exclusion or inclusion of certain beliefs, cultures and people, the notion of Gulfization is increasingly pertinent as Gulf countries occupy a greater political and economic role in wider Middle East politics. This volume discusses the notion of Gulfization, and examines how thoughts, ideologies, way of life and practises are transmitted, changed, and transduced inside and outside the Gulf. From historical perspectives such as the impact of the 1952 Egyptian Revolution in Yemen, to studies on the contemporary projection of Salafism or hyper-nationalism in the Gulf monarchies, this book explores, contends, and critiques the transnational and regional currents that are making, and unmaking, the new Gulf Moment. This volume is based on the 28th Gulf Conference held at the University of Exeter in 2016.