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Seed of South Sudan by Majok Marier,Estelle Ford-Williamson Pdf
One of the most detailed books on the Lost Boys of Sudan since South Sudan became the world's newest nation in 2011, this is a memoir of Majok Marier, an Agar Dinka who was 7 when war came to his village in southern Sudan. During a 21-year civil war, 2 million lives were lost and 80 percent of the South Sudanese people were displaced. Tens of thousands of boys like Majok fled from the Sudanese Army that wanted to kill them. Surviving on grasses, grains, and help from villagers along the way, Majok walked nearly a thousand miles to a refugee camp in Ethiopia. Majok and 3,800 like him emigrated to the United States in 2001 while the civil war still raged. His story is joined to others' in this book.
Seed of South Sudan by Majok Marier,Estelle Ford-Williamson Pdf
One of the most detailed books on the Lost Boys of Sudan since South Sudan became the world's newest nation in 2011, this is a memoir of Majok Marier, an Agar Dinka who was 7 when war came to his village in southern Sudan. During a 21-year civil war, 2 million lives were lost and 80 percent of the South Sudanese people were displaced. Tens of thousands of boys like Majok fled from the Sudanese Army that wanted to kill them. Surviving on grasses, grains, and help from villagers along the way, Majok walked nearly a thousand miles to a refugee camp in Ethiopia. Majok and 3,800 like him emigrated to the United States in 2001 while the civil war still raged. His story is joined to others' in this book.
Determinants of resilience for food and nutrition security in South Sudan by Ulimwengu, John M.,Thomas, Timothy S.,Marivoet, Wim,Benin, Samuel Pdf
The paper analyzes the determinants of long-term individual and community resilience for food and nutrition security in South Sudan using data from multiple sources including key informant interviews, household and community surveys, and georeferenced secondary data on climate, agricultural production, irrigation, and market access. Major agricultural development constraints as well as incidence of and responses to shocks and conflict are described. Climate-crop modeling and simulation methods are used to evaluate the constraints and to identify crop investment options. Then, a spatial typology of food and nutrition security is used to evaluate the constraints along the production-to-nutrition pathway to identify interventions that target different segments of the chain and options for improving agriculture and broader development outcomes. These are classified into production, access, and utilization efficiencies, and whether the underlying constraints are structural (i.e., level of efficiency remains the same over time) or stochastic (i.e., level of efficiency changes over time). The analysis is focused on about a dozen selected counties. The results show that development challenges are being compounded by climate change, with significant increases in the mean annual rainfall and daily maximum temperature for the warmest month. Between 1975 and 2016 for example, the mean annual rainfall in the selected counties increased by 40-111 mm/year, with a rise in the intensity of 0.2-1.3 mm per event. The daily maximum temperature for the warmest month increased by 2.0-3.2°C. If these trends (especially for temperature) continue to 2050, crop yields are projected to decline in the selected counties on average by 12-23% for sorghum, 9-18% for maize, 19-30% for groundnuts, and 16-24% for cassava. In general, there is an inverse-U-shaped the relationship between temperature and yields. While the peak of the inverse U varies by crop, time of the growing season, and other factors, crops in South Sudan are typically on the downward sloping side of the inverse U implying that increases in temperature will decrease yields (and at an increasing rate). Results of a spatial typology show that a majority (78%) of the selected counties are classified as having medium production efficiency and 22% as low production efficiency, none with high production efficiency. With respect to access to nutritious food, 55%, 29%, and 17% of the counties are classified as low, medium, and high access efficiency, respectively. And regarding the conversion of food access into nutritional status, 37%, 26%, and 37% are classified as low, medium, and high utilization efficiency, respectively. Whereas production efficiency mostly remains constant over time, (with only 24% of the counties recording substantial changes in efficiency level), access and utilization efficiency appear more volatile (with substantial changes observed in 52% of the counties). These results suggest that the access segment of the production-to-nutrition value chain is the most constraining, followed by the utilization segment. The differences in the results across counties reflect differences in development constraints across the country, which are also described. Implications of the results for building long-term individual and community resilience are discussed, in addition to areas for further research. Given the complex nature of crises facing South Sudan, our findings call for a comprehensive policy approach to address not only the urgent humanitarian crisis but also to help restore agricultural production systems as well as support communities to cope, recover, and build their vii resilience to shocks and crises. This is in line with the Partnership for Recovery and Resilience (PfRR) integrated programme framework for resilience which comprises four pillars: i) re-establish access to basic services, ii) rebuild trust in people and institutions, iii) restore productive capacities, and iv) nurture effective partnerships.
Transforming agriculture in South Sudan by Eliste, P., Forget, V., Veillerette, B., Rothe, A.-K., Camara, Y., Cherrou, Y., Ugo, E., Deng, S. Pdf
FAO teamed up with the World Bank on this strategic analysis of the investment, policy and institutional support needed to shift South Sudan’s agriculture sector from humanitarian relief to a development-oriented growth path. The team carried out a thorough review of lessons learned in South Sudan and other conflict-affected countries and held consultations with a wide range of stakeholders in the country. As a result, four complementary investment strategies were identified: agriculture production and food security; community resilience and social capital; value chain development and jobs; and peace consolidation. The authors advocate for combining these four strategies in a flexible way, depending on how the shocks currently affecting agriculture (conflict, violence, macro-economic instability, governance, natural disasters) evolve in the coming years. The Government of South Sudan and the World Bank consider this analytical work a milestone that will pave the way for future investments in agriculture and rural development in the country. This publication is part of the Country Investment Highlights series under the FAO Investment Centre’s Knowledge for Investment (K4I) programme.
South Sudan Emergency Livelihood Response Programme 2021–2023 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
The situation in South Sudan has proven to be unpredictable and volatile. New hotspots of violent conflict and civil unrest have continued to emerge and levels of severe acute food insecurity have become progressively worse. In addition to years of fighting and political instability, the country faces natural hazards, disease and pests, such as the desert locust, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Collectively, these risks have had and continue to have a catastrophic impact on the lives and livelihoods of South Sudanese, the majority of whom rely on agriculture, livestock, forestry and fisheries as their main source of income. To respond to humanitarian needs, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has launched the latest iteration of its Emergency Livelihood Response Programme (ELRP) in South Sudan, which was first introduced in early 2014. The document presents the multiyear Programme for 2021–2023 and outlines how FAO aims to save lives, to enhance households' livelihoods and own food production, and to improve their resilience to future shocks. FAO revises its strategy each year to address the ever-emerging challenges facing food security and agriculture, integrate lessons learned and adapt modalities to the prevailing situation.
Food and nutrition security resilience programme in South Sudan by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
This report provides an overview of the impact evaluation findings of the FNS-REPRO project in South Sudan. [Author] The report draws on data collected from a panel and two rounds of surveys (baseline in 2020 and endline in 2023), collected from both intervention and non-intervention areas in the programme's target areas. [Author] This method of panel data collection provides the strongest evidence for attribution of a causal relationship between the implemented interventions and the effect on beneficiaries. [Author] Estimation of the household resilience capacity is done using the FAO RIMA-II tool. [Author] Among others, the analysis found that rescaled Resilience Capacity Index among the beneficiary households increased from 50 in baseline to 55 in endline. [Author] The overall RCI reported a significant positive impact, with a change of 3. [Author]95 points. [Author] The adaptive capacity and social safety net pillars reported the highest significant and positive impact, with a change of 4. [Author]7 and 4. [Author]9 points respectively. [Author] In addition, the project had a significant positive impact (11 percent) on the percentage of households reported to have used quality seeds and planting materials during the cropping season preceding the survey. [Author] Lastly, the project had a positive impact on overall income, income from crop production and income from livestock production. [Author] There was an increase of SSP (South Sudanese pound) 7 898 and SSP 3 030 in overall income and income from crop production respectively. [Author]
The Food and Nutrition Security Resilience Programme in South Sudan by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
This report acts as a baseline for the Food and Nutrition Security Resilience Programme (FNS-REPRO) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), a four-year programme of USD 28 million funded by the Government of the Netherlands. This programme contributes directly to the operationalization of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 2417 by addressing the “cause-effect” relationship between conflict and food insecurity in Somaliland, the Sudan (Darfur) and South Sudan. The programme, which became operational in October 2019, is designed to foster peace and food security at scale through a multi-year livelihood- and resilience-based approach. The FNS-REPRO component in South Sudan focuses on developing the seed sector value chain: first and foremost with the objective to close the cereal production gap, while eventually providing more diversified products for local, national and export markets. The purpose of the study is to collect baseline values for identified project indicators, which will be tracked over time and used to establish the impact of the project. In addition, it identifies and documents lessons learned that will facilitate the continuous realignment of the current project’s theory of change and assist in defining and designing similar future food security projects in South Sudan as well as in other parts of the world with similar contexts. The baseline study was structured around the project indicators that can be measured at household level as well as indicators that will be used to estimate household resilience capacity. Estimation of the household resilience capacity is done using the FAO RIMA-II tool. Overall, the study employed a panel design with both intervention and comparison households. The current baseline survey focused on Yambio and Torit counties, the first areas of the project roll-out. The data collection covered about 600 households from the two counties (407 treatment and 192 control) in October 2020.
Resilience in South Sudanese Women by Godriver Wanga-Odhiambo Pdf
Resilience in South Sudanese Women describes the historical injustices in Southern Sudan that led to the outbreak of civil wars. These injustices included socio-economic and political marginalization that denied the women basic needs. It gives firsthand life experiences of the Sudanese women during the protracted civil wars in their country. It narrates the horrors of the gruesome journeys that they took as they fled war zone, burying their kids on unmarked graves and moving on. It shows how they dealt with homelessness in host countries through various coping strategies, and their eventual resettlement in USA where again they experienced cultural collisions. However, their determination, innovation, and resilience always helped them to overcome the struggles.
South Sudan Resilience Strategy 2019–2021 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
The resilience of communities in South Sudan has declined and continued to be eroded since the eruption of conflict in late 2013. Compounded by repeated outbreaks of violent conflict, the deterioration of the food security situation and subsequent economic shocks have negatively affected households’ coping capacities and livelihoods. Communities dependent on agriculture have seen their productive assets depleted, looted and destroyed, limiting their ability to recover and increasing their reliance on external aid. At the time of writing this Strategy, two thirds of the population cannot access the food needed to cover their daily needs. The FAO Resilience Strategy 2019–2021 lays the foundation for a multi-track approach to strengthening resilience, depending on needs, vulnerability and access. Drawing from the experience gained from implementing the previous FAO Resilience Strategy (2016–2018), FAO has incorporated lessons learned, as well as the latest knowledge in the field of resilience, while responding to the changing context and priorities in South Sudan. This Strategy seeks to strengthen the foundation of FAO’s resilience activities in South Sudan, and will guide the design of FAO programmes to enhance their relevance, efficiency, effectiveness and impact.
From Hell to Haven; Darkness to Light; Negativity to Positivity; and from Cradle to Salvation, Life Journey by Okuon Cham Pdf
From Hell to Haven; Darkness to light; Negativity to Positivity; and from Cradle to Salvation, Life Journey is principally my life journey from South Sudan to Kenya and ultimately to the United States, where I was able to go to college and, in the process, was enlightened and brought into union with God. In other words, it’s the journey from that sense of being lost in spirit as a result of the initial separation from God in the garden, so to speak, two thousand years ago. After many years of having been dead in the spirit and doing what the dead in spirit do, which is being in the state of drunkenness most of the time or venturing in the ways of fools, I found God within who helped me understand what life is all about. Many years ago in South Sudan, I never would have imagined that this divine revelation would ever happen to me. I never knew that when I would come to the United States, God would show himself to me and change my life and bestow me with the gift of the Holy Spirit. I never knew even coming to the United States, let alone the revelation of himself to me. Finally, his love for us—his love for us is ever lasting and enduring. God’s love for us is inseparable. He loves us more, and he wants us to love each other in return. Love being the final stage in life, God wants to teach us to love one another just like he loved us and freed us from the grip of sins and death and bathed us with his love. This is the love of God for me. The manifestation of his love is the basis for this book.
Republic of South Sudan by International Monetary Fund. African Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department Pdf
South Sudan is a very fragile post-conflict state and one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate-driven disasters. The pandemic reversed the economic recovery that followed the 2018 peace agreement. The oil price shock from the pandemic resulted in a massive loss of revenue, causing the government to run up expenditure arrears and resume monetary financing. This led to sharp exchange rate depreciation and runaway inflation. The policies implemented under a Staff Monitored Program (SMP) that was approved in March 2021 and supported by two disbursements under the RCF (in November 2020 and March 2021) have helped restore macroeconomic stability and eliminate a long-standing system of multiple exchange rates. Higher oil prices have dampened the effects of floods on lower oil production and sustained international reserves in the face of a rising import bill. The sharp rise in global food prices risks is exacerbating the dire humanitarian situation in South Sudan, where 70 percent of the population suffers from acute food insecurity, at a time when aid budgets are being cut.
Over the last decade there has been renewed interest in food security and the state of the global food system. Population growth, climate change and food price spikes have combined to focus new attention on the technologies and institutions that underpin the production and consumption of food that is varied, nutritious and safe. Knowledge politics within development-oriented agronomy set the stage for some models of agricultural development to be favoured over others, with very real implications for the food security and wellbeing of many millions of people. Agronomy for Development demonstrates how the analysis of knowledge politics can shed valuable new light on current debates about agricultural development and food security. Using bio-physical and social sciences perspectives to address the political economy of the production and use of knowledge in development, this edited collection reflects on the changing politics of knowledge within the field of agronomy and the ways in which these politics feed and reflect the interests of a broad set of actors. This book is aimed at professionals working in agricultural research as well as students and practitioners of agricultural, rural and international development.
Realising the Dream by Akoi Manyiel Guong,Sandra Lindemann Pdf
Akoi Manyiel Guong is the founder of the Seed of Hope Foundation(SeedHF), an organisation established to support the building of health and education facilities in his home village of Patuenoi in the state of Jonglei,South Sudan. A member of the Sudanese Lost Boys Association of Australia,Akoi has a special interest in Sudanese youth in both South Australia and South Sudan. The warm, still night was shattered by the sound of gun shots. I woke up with a gasp. Womens voices shrilled the alarm: Wui- Wuuui! Wui-Wuuui! Wui-Wuuui! Government soldiers were attacking our village! The whole village was lit up in fl ames. I could hear people shouting and screaming. The panicked cattle were crashing through their pens, bellowing with fear. My mates and I fl ed swiftly into the surrounding forest. Soon we were far away. The shouts and screams and gunshots faded into the background, but still we continued to run, frantically, blindly, into the night. So begins the journey of 10-year-old Dinka boy, Akoi Manyiel Guong. From the warmth and security of his family, he fl ees to Ethiopia where he joins thousands of other boysthe Sudanese lost boysbefore becoming a child soldier, a fugitive, and ultimately a refugee seeking safety on the other side of the world. In the course of his journey, Akoi loses everything and yet, at the same time, finds his destiny.
Indian Medicinal Plant Seeds by R. Singh,A.J. Fernandes Pdf
Indian Medicinal Plant Seeds provides data about the seeds of 150 Indian medicinal plants at a glance, giving the readers a quick handy view on the information about a particular seed of interest. This book attempts to quench one’s thirst of medicinal plants seeds identification and their medicinal importance. This book will be an invaluable asset for people who need information about seeds exclusively, different from the normal trend of focusing on the leaves and flowers of a plant. The book dwells on seeds of medicinal plants and their traditional uses. The author provides a comprehensive and scientifically accurate guide to the best-known and most important 150 medicinal plants seeds. Each entry gives a short summary of each seed with a description of the plant, the distribution, therapeutic category, historical and modern uses, active ingredients, and pharmacological effects of the seeds. 150 full- colour photographs assist in the identification of the plants seeds. It will be a valuable reference guide for health care professionals, students, researchers, botanists, and especially pharmacists - or anyone with an interest in seeds of medicinal plants and their uses.
Seed Security Assessment – Lesotho 2016 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf
This Seed Security Assessment report is the result of a joint effort between the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, the Bureau of Statistics and FAO to evaluate the state of seed insecurity at household level and to quantify and qualify the effects of the El Niño drought in Lesotho. As a result, the government and other intervening agencies now have a more accurate information basis, and can design more appropriate seed security interventions to support the promotion of agricultural grow th and development to benefit the population.
