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Seismic Wave Attenuation by M. N. Toksöz,David H. Johnston Pdf
"We have undertaken the editing of this volume to help the broad-range research effort gain a better understanding of attenuation and its applications to seismic exploration problems... We have emphasized the material most relevant to exploration geophysics. As a result, most of the papers compiled here deal with sedimentary rocks, the effects of fluids, and the pressure ranges encountered in shalow crustal layers."--Preface.
Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogenous Earth by Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler Pdf
Seismic waves – generated both by natural earthquakes and by man-made sources – have produced an enormous amount of information about the Earth's interior. In classical seismology, the Earth is modeled as a sequence of uniform horizontal layers (or sperical shells) having different elastic properties and one determines these properties from travel times and dispersion of seismic waves. The Earth, however, is not made of horizontally uniform layers, and classic seismic methods can take large-scale inhomogeneities into account. Smaller-scale irregularities, on the other hand, require other methods. Observations of continuous wave trains that follow classic direct S waves, known as coda waves, have shown that there are heterogeneities of random size scattered randomly throughout the layers of the classic seismic model. This book focuses on recent developments in the area of seismic wave propagation and scattering through the randomly heterogeneous structure of the Earth, with emphasis on the lithosphere. The presentation combines information from many sources to present a coherent introduction to the theory of scattering in acoustic and elastic materials and includes analyses of observations using the theoretical methods developed.
Rock Quality, Seismic Velocity, Attenuation and Anisotropy by Nick Barton Pdf
Seismic measurements take many forms, and appear to have a universal role in the Earth Sciences. They are the means for most easily and economically interpreting what lies beneath the visible surface. There are huge economic rewards and losses to be made when interpreting the shallow crust or subsurface more, or less accurately, as the case may be.
Seismological Attenuation Without Q by Igor B. Morozov Pdf
Seismological Attenuation without Q represents a comprehensive and critical review of the present approach to describing the seismic-wave attenuation within the Earth. Starting from first physical principles, author Igor B. Morozov shows that the existing model of attenuation based on the concept of quality factor, or Q, is inadequate and represents only a phenomenological model. In most cases, Q should not be interpreted as a physical property of the Earth's medium. This text offers an alternate view developed using the concept of attenuation coefficient and illustrated using many theoretical and data examples. The new approach leads to significant advances in understanding the physics of Earth's anelasticity, measurement, and modeling attenuation of seismic waves. A systematic and hitherto unseen pattern of attenuation coefficients is recognized within a broad range of wave types and frequencies, which leads us to a general and clear picture of the attenuation structure of the Earth. At the same time, Morozov also elucidates a number of unsolved problems, such as numerical modeling and inversion for seismic attenuation and understanding its relation to the structure and the physical state of the deep Earth. Most notably, Seismological Attenuation without Q shows that the attenuation problem is significantly more complex than presented in the Q-based, visco-elastic model.
Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics by D.E. James Pdf
Consisting of more than 150 articles written by leading experts, this authoritative reference encompasses the entire field of solid-earth geophysics. It describes in detail the state of current knowledge, including advanced instrumentation and techniques, and focuses on important areas of exploration geophysics. It also offers clear and complete coverage of seismology, geodesy, gravimetry, magnetotellurics and related areas in the adjacent disciplines of physics, geology, oceanography and space science.
Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media by Brian Kennett Pdf
Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media presents a systematic treatment of the interaction of seismic waves with Earth structure. The theoretical development is physically based and is closely tied to the nature of the seismograms observed across a wide range of distance scales - from a few kilometres as in shallow reflection work for geophysical prospecting, to many thousands of kilometres for major earthquakes. A unified framework is presented for all classes of seismic phenomena, for both body waves and surface waves. Since its first publication in 1983 this book has been an important resource for understanding the way in which seismic waves can be understood in terms of reflection and transmission properties of Earth models, and how complete theoretical seismograms can be calculated. The methods allow the development of specific approximations that allow concentration on different seismic arrivals and hence provide a direct tie to seismic observations.
Attenuation of Incoherent Seismic Noise by Abdullatif Al-Shuhail,Saleh Al-Dossary Pdf
This book examines the effects of incoherent noise and how it leads to the misinterpretation of seismic data. It also reviews common noise reduction approaches and their drawbacks, focusing on developments that have occurred in the past decade. The main features of this book include: • Hands-on implementation in MATLAB and/or C • In-depth discussions of both theoretical and practical aspects of the subject • Supplementary, real-world seismic data • Detailed descriptions of structure-enhancing filters. Connecting the theory and practical implementation of noise reduction, the book helps readers fill the gap from equations to code, and from classical filters to the preservation and enhancement of a robust structure. Lastly, it highlights cutting-edge research in the area. As such, it is of interest to researchers in the fields of petroleum engineering, exploration seismology, and geophysics, as well as to practitioners working in the petroleum industry.
Problems in Exploration Seismology and Their Solutions by L. P. Geldart,Robert E. Sheriff Pdf
Focusing on the basic theory required to solve practical problems, this book provides 212 problems, and solutions, which cover a wide range of issues, including least-squares methods, choosing velocities for various situations, z-transforms, determining 2D and 3D field geometries, and solving processing and interpretation problems.
Digital Imaging and Deconvolution by Enders A. Robinson,Sven Treitel Pdf
Covering ideas and methods while concentrating on fundamentals, this book includes wave motion; digital imaging; digital filtering; visualization aspects of the seismic reflection method; sampling theory; the frequency spectrum; synthetic seismograms; wavelet processing; deconvolution; seismic attributes; phase rotation; and seismic attenuation.
Seismic inverse Q filtering is a data processing technology for enhancing the resolution of seismic images. It employs a wave propagation reversal procedure that compensates for energy absorption and corrects wavelet distortion due to velocity dispersion. By compensating for amplitude attenuation, seismic data can provide true relative-amplitude information for amplitude inversion and subsequent reservoir characterization. By correcting the phase distortion, seismic data with enhanced vertical resolution can yield correct timings for lithological identification. This monograph presents the theory of inverse Q filtering and a series of algorithms, collected with the following selection criteria in mind: robustness, effectiveness and practicality. The book is written for processing geophysicists who are attempting to improve the quality of seismic data in terms of resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, as well as for reservoir geophysicists who are concerned about seismic fidelity in terms of true amplitudes, true timings and true frequencies. It will also be particularly valuable as a guide for seasoned geophysicists who are attempting to develop seismic software for various research settings. Finally, it can be used as a reference work or textbook for postgraduate students in seismic and reservoir geophysics.
Seismic Ambient Noise by Nori Nakata,Lucia Gualtieri,Andreas Fichtner Pdf
A comprehensive overview of seismic ambient noise, covering observations, physical origins, modelling, processing methods and applications in imaging and monitoring.
Seismic Data Analysis by Özdoğan Yilmaz,Stephen M. Doherty Pdf
Expanding the author's original work on processing to include inversion and interpretation, and including developments in all aspects of conventional processing, this two-volume set is a comprehensive and complete coverage of the modern trends in the seismic industry - from time to depth, from 3D to 4D, from 4D to 4C, and from isotropy to anisotropy.