Seismic Waves

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Seismic Waves and Sources

Author : A. Ben-Menahem,S. J. Singh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1127 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461258568

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Seismic Waves and Sources by A. Ben-Menahem,S. J. Singh Pdf

Earthquakes come and go as they please, leaving behind them trails of destruc tion and casualties. Although their occurrence is little affected by what we do or think, it is the task of earth scientists to keep studying them from all possible angles until ways and means are found to divert, forecast, and eventually control them. In ancient times people were awestruck by singular geophysical events, which were attributed to supernatural powers. It was recognized only in 1760 that earthquakes originated within the earth. A hundred years later, first systematic attempts were made to apply physical principles to study them. During the next century scientists accumulated knowledge about the effects of earthquakes, their geographic patterns, the waves emitted by them, and the internal constitution of the earth. During the past 20 years, seismology has made a tremendous progress, mainly because of the advent of modern computers and improvements in data acquisi tion systems, which are now capable of digital and analog recording of ground motion over a frequency range of five orders of magnitude. These technologic developments have enabled seismologists to make measurements with far greater precision and sophistication than was previously possible. Advanced computational analyses have been applied to high-quality data and elaborate theoretical models have been devised to interpret them. As a result, far reaching advances in our knowledge of the earth's structure and the nature of earthquake sources have occurred.

Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogenous Earth

Author : Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2008-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540896234

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Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogenous Earth by Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler Pdf

Seismic waves – generated both by natural earthquakes and by man-made sources – have produced an enormous amount of information about the Earth's interior. In classical seismology, the Earth is modeled as a sequence of uniform horizontal layers (or sperical shells) having different elastic properties and one determines these properties from travel times and dispersion of seismic waves. The Earth, however, is not made of horizontally uniform layers, and classic seismic methods can take large-scale inhomogeneities into account. Smaller-scale irregularities, on the other hand, require other methods. Observations of continuous wave trains that follow classic direct S waves, known as coda waves, have shown that there are heterogeneities of random size scattered randomly throughout the layers of the classic seismic model. This book focuses on recent developments in the area of seismic wave propagation and scattering through the randomly heterogeneous structure of the Earth, with emphasis on the lithosphere. The presentation combines information from many sources to present a coherent introduction to the theory of scattering in acoustic and elastic materials and includes analyses of observations using the theoretical methods developed.

Seismic Wave Theory

Author : Edward S. Krebes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-28
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781108474863

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Seismic Wave Theory by Edward S. Krebes Pdf

Concise textbook on seismic wave theory, with detailed derivations of formulas, clear explanations of topics, exercises, and selected answers.

Seismic Wave Propagation in the Earth

Author : A. Hanyga
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483291840

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Seismic Wave Propagation in the Earth by A. Hanyga Pdf

This volume contains an extensive presentation of the theory, phenomenology and interpretation of seismic waves produced by natural and artificial sources. Each theoretical topic discussed in the book is presented in a self-contained and mathematically rigorous form, yet without excessive demands on the reader's mathematical background. It is the only book to include such a complete presentation of the mathematical background and modern developments of the WKBJ theory of seismic waves, and detailed discussions of its wide ranging applications. The book will therefore be useful to postgraduate students and research workers specialising in seismic wave theory, theoretical seismology, electromagnetic wave theory and other fields of wave propagation theory.

Numerical Modeling of Seismic Wave Propagation

Author : Johan O. A. Robertsson
Publisher : SEG Books
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781560802907

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Numerical Modeling of Seismic Wave Propagation by Johan O. A. Robertsson Pdf

The decades following SEG's 1990 volume on numerical modeling showed a step change in the application and use of full wave equation modeling methods enabled by the increase in computational power. Full waveform inversion, reverse time migration, and 3D elastic finite-difference synthetic data generation are examples. A searchable CD is included.

Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth

Author : V.I. Keilis-Borok
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400908833

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Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth by V.I. Keilis-Borok Pdf

Surface waves form the longest and strongest portion of a seismic record excited by explosions and shallow earthquakes. Traversing areas with diverse geologic structures, they 'absorb' information on the properties of these areas which is best retlected in dispersion, the dependence of velocity on frequency. The other prop erties of these waves - polarization, frequency content, attenuation, azimuthal variation of the amplitude and phase - arc also controlled by the medium between the source and the recording station; some of these are affected by the properties of the source itself and by the conditions around it. In recent years surface wave seismology has become an indispensable part of seismological practice. The maximum amplitude in the surface wave train of virtually every earthquake or major explosion is being measured and used by all national and international seismological surveys in the determination of the most important energy parameter of a seismic source, namely, the magnitude M,. The relationship between M, and the body wave magnitude fI1t, is routinely employed in identification of underground nuclear explosions. Surface waves of hundreds of earthquakes recorded every year are being analysed to estimate the seismic moment tensor of earthquake sources, to determine the periods of free oscillations of the Earth, to construct regional dispersion curves from which in turn the crustal and upper mantle structure in various areas is derived, and to evaluate the dissipative parameters of the mantle material.

Scattering and Attenuations of Seismic Waves, Part I

Author : AKI,WU
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034877220

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Scattering and Attenuations of Seismic Waves, Part I by AKI,WU Pdf

Reprint from Pure and Applied Geophysics (PAGEOPH), Volume 128 (1988), No. 1/2

Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media Part II

Author : Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cervany,Ludek Klimes
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034890496

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Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media Part II by Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cervany,Ludek Klimes Pdf

The special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic waves in laterally inhomogeneous media IV, which was held at the Castle of Trest, Czech Republic, May 22-27, 1995. The workshop, which was attended by about 100 seismologists from more than 10 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue can be of interest for theoretical, global and explorational seismologists. The first part contains papers dealing with the study and the use of various methods of solving forward and inverse problems in complicated structures. Among other methods, discrete-wave number method, the finite-difference method, the edge-wave supperposition method and the ray method are studied and used. Most papers contained in the second part are related to the ray method. The most important topics are two-point ray tracing, grid calculations of travel times and amplitudes and seismic wave propagation in anisotropic media.

Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media

Author : Vlastislav Cerveny
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1996-11
Category : Gardening
ISBN : 3764356480

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Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media by Vlastislav Cerveny Pdf

Reprint from Pure and Applied Geophysics (PAGEOPH), Volume 148 (1996), No. 1/2

Imaging of Complex Media with Acoustic and Seismic Waves

Author : Mathias Fink,William A. Kuperman,Jean-Paul Montagner,Arnaud Tourin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2003-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540446804

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Imaging of Complex Media with Acoustic and Seismic Waves by Mathias Fink,William A. Kuperman,Jean-Paul Montagner,Arnaud Tourin Pdf

In this interdisciplinary book, leading experts in underwater acoustics, seismology, acoustic medical imaging and non-destructive testing present basic concepts as well as the recent advances in imaging. The different subjects tackled show significant similarities.

Seismic Waves from an Underground Explosion in a Salt Bed

Author : D. S. Carder,Dean S. Carder,Project Plowshare (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1962
Category : Nuclear excavation
ISBN : UOM:39015095035245

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Seismic Waves from an Underground Explosion in a Salt Bed by D. S. Carder,Dean S. Carder,Project Plowshare (U.S.) Pdf

3C Seismic and VSP: Converted waves and vector wavefield applications

Author : James Gaiser
Publisher : SEG Books
Page : 637 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781560803355

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3C Seismic and VSP: Converted waves and vector wavefield applications by James Gaiser Pdf

3C seismic applications provide enhanced rock property characterization of the reservoir that can complement P-wave methods. Continued interest in converted P- to S-waves (PS-waves) and vertical seismic profiles (VSPs) has resulted in the steady development of advanced vector wavefield techniques. PS-wave images along with VSP data can be used to help P-wave interpretation of structure in gas obscured zones, of elastic and fluid properties for lithology discrimination from S-wave impedance and density inversion in unconventional reservoirs, and of fracture characterization and stress monitoring from S-wave birefringence (splitting) analysis. The book, which accompanies the 2016 SEG Distinguished Instructor Short Course, presents an overview of 3C seismic theory and practical application: from fundamentals of PS-waves and VSPs, through to acquisition and processing including interpretation techniques. The emphasis is on unique aspects of vector wavefields, anisotropy, and the important relationships that unify S-waves and P-waves. Various applications and case studies demonstrate image benefits from PS-waves, elastic properties and fluid discrimination from joint inversion of amplitude variations with offset/angle (AVO/A), and VSP methods for anisotropic velocity model building and improved reservoir imaging. The book will be of interest to geophysicists, geologists, and engineers, especially those involved with or considering the use of AVO/A inversion, fracture/stress characterization analyses, or interpretation in gas-obscured reservoirs.

Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media

Author : Brian Kennett
Publisher : ANU E Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2009-05-01
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781921536731

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Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media by Brian Kennett Pdf

Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media presents a systematic treatment of the interaction of seismic waves with Earth structure. The theoretical development is physically based and is closely tied to the nature of the seismograms observed across a wide range of distance scales - from a few kilometres as in shallow reflection work for geophysical prospecting, to many thousands of kilometres for major earthquakes. A unified framework is presented for all classes of seismic phenomena, for both body waves and surface waves. Since its first publication in 1983 this book has been an important resource for understanding the way in which seismic waves can be understood in terms of reflection and transmission properties of Earth models, and how complete theoretical seismograms can be calculated. The methods allow the development of specific approximations that allow concentration on different seismic arrivals and hence provide a direct tie to seismic observations.

Collection and Analysis of Seismic Wave Propagation Data

Author : David E. Willis,Philip L. Jackson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Seismic waves
ISBN : OSU:32435011464666

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Collection and Analysis of Seismic Wave Propagation Data by David E. Willis,Philip L. Jackson Pdf

The report summarizes one year of theoretical and applied research on propagation of seismic waves and techniques for analyzing data. The main objectives were to determine the frequency and energy of seismic signatures, and investigate attenuation, patterns of azimuthal radiation from source regions, and methods of determining the type of motion at the source. Natural and artificial sources were studied to develop diagnostic aids for distinguishing between earthquakes and underground nuclear detonations. Equipment for selection, reformatting, and digital-to-analog conversion for digitally recorded LASA data was constructed and is being checked out. Several approaches for using the parallel computational capabilities of optics for LASA data were developed. A study of background noise and reciprocity for teleseismic events as recorded on the bottom of a large fresh water lake has commenced with the emplacement of three-component seismometers in Lake Superior. Array data have been used for crustal studies on the Eastern United States. Digital mode filtering was investigated. A perturbation theory for seismic sources was developed. (Author).

Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogeneous Earth : Second Edition

Author : Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler,Takuto Maeda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 505 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-03-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642230288

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Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogeneous Earth : Second Edition by Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler,Takuto Maeda Pdf

Seismic waves - generated both by natural earthquakes and by man-made sources - have produced an enormous amount of information about the Earth's interior. In classical seismology, the Earth is modeled as a sequence of uniform horizontal layers (or spherical shells) having different elastic properties and one determines these properties from travel times and dispersion of seismic waves. The Earth, however, is not made of horizontally uniform layers, and classic seismic methods can take large-scale inhomogeneities into account. Smaller-scale irregularities, on the other hand, require other methods. Observations of continuous wave trains that follow classic direct S waves, known as coda waves, have shown that there are heterogeneities of random size scattered randomly throughout the layers of the classic seismic model. This book focuses on recent developments in the area of seismic wave propagation and scattering through the randomly heterogeneous structure of the Earth, with emphasis on the lithosphere. The presentation combines information from many sources to present a coherent introduction to the theory of scattering in acoustic and elastic materials and includes analyses of observations using the theoretical methods developed. The second edition especially includes new observational facts such as the spatial variation of medium inhomogeneities and the temporal change in scattering characteristics and recent theoretical developments in the envelope synthesis in random media for the last ten years. Mathematics is thoroughly rewritten for improving the readability. Written for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students of geophysics or planetary sciences, this book should also be of interest to civil engineers, seismologists, acoustical engineers, and others interested in wave propagation through inhomogeneous elastic media.