Seismic Surface Waves In A Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth

Author : V.I. Keilis-Borok
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400908833

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Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth by V.I. Keilis-Borok Pdf

Surface waves form the longest and strongest portion of a seismic record excited by explosions and shallow earthquakes. Traversing areas with diverse geologic structures, they 'absorb' information on the properties of these areas which is best retlected in dispersion, the dependence of velocity on frequency. The other prop erties of these waves - polarization, frequency content, attenuation, azimuthal variation of the amplitude and phase - arc also controlled by the medium between the source and the recording station; some of these are affected by the properties of the source itself and by the conditions around it. In recent years surface wave seismology has become an indispensable part of seismological practice. The maximum amplitude in the surface wave train of virtually every earthquake or major explosion is being measured and used by all national and international seismological surveys in the determination of the most important energy parameter of a seismic source, namely, the magnitude M,. The relationship between M, and the body wave magnitude fI1t, is routinely employed in identification of underground nuclear explosions. Surface waves of hundreds of earthquakes recorded every year are being analysed to estimate the seismic moment tensor of earthquake sources, to determine the periods of free oscillations of the Earth, to construct regional dispersion curves from which in turn the crustal and upper mantle structure in various areas is derived, and to evaluate the dissipative parameters of the mantle material.

Author : V I Keilis-Borok,T Yanovskaya,E N Its
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1989-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9400908849

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Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth by V I Keilis-Borok,T Yanovskaya,E N Its Pdf

Author : Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cerveny
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034881463

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Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media by Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cerveny Pdf

This special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media V, which was held at the Castle of Zahrádky, Czech Republic, June 5 - 9, 2000. The workshop, which was attended by about 60 seismologists from 16 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue begins with papers dealing with the study and the application of the ray methods. Problems such as coupling of quasi-shear waves or smoothing of models for effective ray computations are dealt with. Applications of the ray methods in seismic exploration are presented. Further, directional wavefield decomposition, phase space, path integral and parabolic equation methods are discussed. Attention is also devoted to attenuation and scattering problems, and to seismic inversion problems.

Author : Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cervany,Ludek Klimes
Publisher : Birkhäuser
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783034890496

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Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media Part II by Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cervany,Ludek Klimes Pdf

The special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic waves in laterally inhomogeneous media IV, which was held at the Castle of Trest, Czech Republic, May 22-27, 1995. The workshop, which was attended by about 100 seismologists from more than 10 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue can be of interest for theoretical, global and explorational seismologists. The first part contains papers dealing with the study and the use of various methods of solving forward and inverse problems in complicated structures. Among other methods, discrete-wave number method, the finite-difference method, the edge-wave supperposition method and the ray method are studied and used. Most papers contained in the second part are related to the ray method. The most important topics are two-point ray tracing, grid calculations of travel times and amplitudes and seismic wave propagation in anisotropic media.

Author : Bruce Bolt
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323155953

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Seismology: Surface Waves and Earth Oscillations by Bruce Bolt Pdf

Methods in Computational Physics, Volume 11: Seismology: Surface Waves and Earth Oscillations is a five-chapter text that deals with the computational analysis of surface waves and the eigenvibrations of the Earth. Chapter 1 describes the advances in the numerical modeling of geological structures where the appropriate partial differential equations with boundary conditions for heterogeneous materials are solved using an intricate finite difference scheme. Chapter 2 presents the computer techniques of processing seismograms to obtain information on the dispersion of seismic surface waves, while Chapter 3 explains the fast algorithms for computation of eigenvalues in surface wave and terrestrial eigenvibration problems. Chapter 4 presents a competing method, much used in structural engineering and soil mechanics. Chapter 5 is devoted to the propagation of surface waves in layered media, which indicate that density and elasticity vary only in the vertical direction. This chapter also provides the fundamentals and numerical aspects of the theory of seismic surface waves. This book is an invaluable source for seismologists, earthquake engineers, and graduate students.

Author : Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler,Takuto Maeda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642230295

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Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogeneous Earth : Second Edition by Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler,Takuto Maeda Pdf

Seismic waves - generated both by natural earthquakes and by man-made sources - have produced an enormous amount of information about the Earth's interior. In classical seismology, the Earth is modeled as a sequence of uniform horizontal layers (or spherical shells) having different elastic properties and one determines these properties from travel times and dispersion of seismic waves. The Earth, however, is not made of horizontally uniform layers, and classic seismic methods can take large-scale inhomogeneities into account. Smaller-scale irregularities, on the other hand, require other methods. Observations of continuous wave trains that follow classic direct S waves, known as coda waves, have shown that there are heterogeneities of random size scattered randomly throughout the layers of the classic seismic model. This book focuses on recent developments in the area of seismic wave propagation and scattering through the randomly heterogeneous structure of the Earth, with emphasis on the lithosphere. The presentation combines information from many sources to present a coherent introduction to the theory of scattering in acoustic and elastic materials and includes analyses of observations using the theoretical methods developed. The second edition especially includes new observational facts such as the spatial variation of medium inhomogeneities and the temporal change in scattering characteristics and recent theoretical developments in the envelope synthesis in random media for the last ten years. Mathematics is thoroughly rewritten for improving the readability. Written for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students of geophysics or planetary sciences, this book should also be of interest to civil engineers, seismologists, acoustical engineers, and others interested in wave propagation through inhomogeneous elastic media.

Author : Walter L. Pilant
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780444601940

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Elastic Waves in the Earth by Walter L. Pilant Pdf

Elastic Waves in the Earth provides information on the relationship between seismology and geophysics and their general aspects. The book offers elastodynamic equations and derivative equations that can be used in the propagation of elastic waves. It also covers major topics in detail, such as the fundamentals of elastodynamics; the Lamb's problem, which includes the Cagniard-de Hoop theory; rays and modes in a radially inhomogeneous earth and in multilayered media, which includes the Thomson-Haskell theory; the elastic wave dissipation; the seismic source and noise; and the seismographs. The book consists of 33 chapters. The first 16 chapters include basic material related to the propagation of elastic waves. Topics covered by these chapters include scalars, vectors, and tensors in cartesian coordinates, stress and strain analysis, equations of elasticity and motion, plane waves, Rayleigh waves, plane-wave theory, and fluid-fluid and solid-solid interfaces. The second half of the book covers various ray and mode theories, elastic wave dissipation, and the observations and theories of seismic source and seismic noise. It concludes by discussing earthquake seismology and different seismographs, like the pendulum seismometer and the strain seismometer.

Author : A. Ben-Menahem,S. J. Singh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1127 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461258568

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Seismic Waves and Sources by A. Ben-Menahem,S. J. Singh Pdf

Earthquakes come and go as they please, leaving behind them trails of destruc tion and casualties. Although their occurrence is little affected by what we do or think, it is the task of earth scientists to keep studying them from all possible angles until ways and means are found to divert, forecast, and eventually control them. In ancient times people were awestruck by singular geophysical events, which were attributed to supernatural powers. It was recognized only in 1760 that earthquakes originated within the earth. A hundred years later, first systematic attempts were made to apply physical principles to study them. During the next century scientists accumulated knowledge about the effects of earthquakes, their geographic patterns, the waves emitted by them, and the internal constitution of the earth. During the past 20 years, seismology has made a tremendous progress, mainly because of the advent of modern computers and improvements in data acquisi tion systems, which are now capable of digital and analog recording of ground motion over a frequency range of five orders of magnitude. These technologic developments have enabled seismologists to make measurements with far greater precision and sophistication than was previously possible. Advanced computational analyses have been applied to high-quality data and elaborate theoretical models have been devised to interpret them. As a result, far reaching advances in our knowledge of the earth's structure and the nature of earthquake sources have occurred.

Author : Masaki Kanao,Genti Toyokuni
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789853278

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Seismic Waves by Masaki Kanao,Genti Toyokuni Pdf

The importance of seismic wave research lies not only in our ability to understand and predict earthquakes and tsunamis, but it also reveals information on the Earth's composition and features in much the same way as it led to the discovery of Mohorovicic's discontinuity. As our theoretical understanding of the physics behind seismic waves has grown, physical and numerical modeling have greatly advanced and now augment applied seismology for better prediction and engineering practices. This book demonstrates the latest techniques and advances in seismic wave analysis from a theoretical approach, data acquisition and interpretation, to analyses and numerical simulations, as well as research applications. The major topics in this book cover aspects on seismic wave propagation, characteristics of their velocities and attenuation, deformation process of the Earth's medium, seismic source process and tectonic dynamics with relating observations, as well as propagation modeling of seismic waves.

Author : Peter Malischewsky
Publisher : Elsevier Science Limited
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Science
ISBN : 0444989595

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Surface Waves and Discontinuities by Peter Malischewsky Pdf

In this monograph on surface waves propagating in media with lateral inhomogeneities, the author takes into account the rapid progress made in applying surface waves in many fields of physics and engineering science during the last two decades. The fundamentals of surface waves have been a well-founded part of wave theory for many years. However, the application is connected with various problems which cannot be solved using conventional theory alone, such as input and output of surface wave energy in communication engineering devices, low-loss transfer of energy in wave-guides, the investigation of the Earth's interior using seismic surface waves, etc. A crucial problem common to these fields is the question of the interaction of surface waves with discontinuities. The primary objective of this book is to treat this problem in detail by using a very simple model, the so-called impedance surface. Although there are many books devoted to the propagation of waves in disturbed media, there is no cross-disciplinary treatise for surface waves which also considers seismological aspects.

Author : Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cervany,Ludek Klimes
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1996-12-01
Category : Seismic waves
ISBN : 3034890508

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Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media by Ivan Psencik,Vlastislav Cervany,Ludek Klimes Pdf

This special issue contains contributions presented at the international workshop Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media V, which was held at the Castle of Zahradky, Czech Republic, June 5 - 9, 2000. The workshop, which was attended by about 60 seismologists from 16 countries, was devoted mainly to the current state of theoretical and computational means of study of seismic wave propagation in complex structures. The special issue begins with papers dealing with the study and the application of the ray methods. Problems such as coupling of quasi-shear waves or smoothing of models for effective ray computations are dealt with. Applications of the ray methods in seismic exploration are presented. Further, directional wavefield decomposition, phase space, path integral and parabolic equation methods are discussed. Attention is also devoted to attenuation and scattering problems, and to seismic inversion problems.

Author : A. Hanyga
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483291840

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Seismic Wave Propagation in the Earth by A. Hanyga Pdf

This volume contains an extensive presentation of the theory, phenomenology and interpretation of seismic waves produced by natural and artificial sources. Each theoretical topic discussed in the book is presented in a self-contained and mathematically rigorous form, yet without excessive demands on the reader's mathematical background. It is the only book to include such a complete presentation of the mathematical background and modern developments of the WKBJ theory of seismic waves, and detailed discussions of its wide ranging applications. The book will therefore be useful to postgraduate students and research workers specialising in seismic wave theory, theoretical seismology, electromagnetic wave theory and other fields of wave propagation theory.

Author : Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2008-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540896234

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Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogenous Earth by Haruo Sato,Michael C. Fehler Pdf

Seismic waves – generated both by natural earthquakes and by man-made sources – have produced an enormous amount of information about the Earth's interior. In classical seismology, the Earth is modeled as a sequence of uniform horizontal layers (or sperical shells) having different elastic properties and one determines these properties from travel times and dispersion of seismic waves. The Earth, however, is not made of horizontally uniform layers, and classic seismic methods can take large-scale inhomogeneities into account. Smaller-scale irregularities, on the other hand, require other methods. Observations of continuous wave trains that follow classic direct S waves, known as coda waves, have shown that there are heterogeneities of random size scattered randomly throughout the layers of the classic seismic model. This book focuses on recent developments in the area of seismic wave propagation and scattering through the randomly heterogeneous structure of the Earth, with emphasis on the lithosphere. The presentation combines information from many sources to present a coherent introduction to the theory of scattering in acoustic and elastic materials and includes analyses of observations using the theoretical methods developed.

Author : William H.K. Lee,Paul Jennings,Carl Kisslinger,Hiroo Kanamori
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 994 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2002-09-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080489223

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International Handbook of Earthquake & Engineering Seismology, Part A by William H.K. Lee,Paul Jennings,Carl Kisslinger,Hiroo Kanamori Pdf

Modern scientific investigations of earthquakes began in the 1880s, and the International Association of Seismology was organized in 1901 to promote collaboration of scientists and engineers in studying earthquakes. The International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, under the auspices of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI), was prepared by leading experts under a distinguished international advisory board and team of editors.The content is organized into 56 chapters and includes over 430 figures, 24 of which are in color. This large-format, comprehensive reference summarizes well-established facts, reviews relevant theories, surveys useful methods and techniques, and documents and archives basic seismic data. It will be the authoritative reference for scientists and engineers and a quick and handy reference for seismologists.Also available is The International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part B.

Author : Anatoli L. Levshin,Michael Ritzwoller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2001-09-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 376436551X

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Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Surface Waves by Anatoli L. Levshin,Michael Ritzwoller Pdf

On September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center (IDC), and on-site inspections to verify compliance. Seismic methods play the lead role in monitoring the CTBT. This volume concentrates on the measurement and use of surface waves in monitoring the CTBT. Surface waves have three principal applications in CTBT monitoring: to help discriminate nuclear explosions from other sources of seismic energy, to provide mathematical characterizations of the seismic energy that emanates from seismic sources, and to be used as data in inversion for the seismic velocity structure of the crust and uppermost mantle for locating small seismic events regionally. The papers in this volume fall into two general categories: the development and/or application of methods to summarize information in surface waves, and the use of these summaries to advance the art of surface-wave identification, measurement, and source characterization. These papers cut across essentially all of the major applications of surface waves to monitoring the CTBT. This volume therefore provides a general introduction to the state of research in this area and should be useful as a guide for further exploration.