Self Enforcing Trade

Author : Chad P. Bown
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2010-02-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815704188

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Self-Enforcing Trade by Chad P. Bown Pdf

The World Trade Organization—backbone of today's international commercial relations—requires member countries to self-enforce exporters' access to foreign markets. Its dispute settlement system is the crown jewel of the international trading system, but its benefits still fall disproportionately to wealthy nations. Could the system be doing more on behalf of developing countries? In Self-Enforcing Trade, Chad P. Bown explains why the answer is an emphatic "yes." Bown argues that as poor countries look to the benefits promised by globalization as part of their overall development strategy, they increasingly require access to the WTO dispute settlement process to protect their trading interests. Unfortunately, the practical realities of WTO dispute settlement as it currently stands create a number of hurdles that prevent developing countries from enjoying the trading system's full benefits. This book confronts these challenges. Self-Enforcing Trade examines the WTO's "extended litigation process," highlighting the tangle of international economics, law, and politics that participants must master. He identifies the costs that prevent developing countries from disentangling the self-enforcement process and fully using the WTO system as part of their growth strategies. Bown assesses recent efforts to help developing countries overcome those costs, including the role of the Advisory Centre on WTO Law and development focused NGOs. Bown's proposed Institute for Assessing WTO Commitments tackles the largest remaining obstacle currently limiting developing country engagement in the WTO's selfenforcement process—a problematic lack of information, monitoring, and surveillance.

Author : Kyle Bagwell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 49 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Commercial treaties
ISBN : OCLC:1025439922

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Self-enforcing Trade Agreements and Private Information by Kyle Bagwell Pdf

This paper considers self-enforcing trade agreements among privately informed governments. A trade agreement that uses weak bindings (i.e., maximal tariff levels) is shown to offer advantages relative to a trade agreement that uses strong bindings (i.e., precise tariff levels). Consistent with practice, the theory also predicts that governments sometimes apply tariffs that are strictly below their bound rates. When private information is persistent through time, an enforcement "ratchet effect" is identified: a government reveals that it is "weak," and thus that it is unlikely to retaliate in an effective manner, when it applies a low tariff. This effect suggests that a government with a low type may "pool" at an above-optimal tariff, in order to conceal weakness. It also suggests a new information-based theory of gradualism in trade agreements.

Author : Thomas Eichner,Rüdiger Pethig
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:862794573

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Trade Tariffs and Self-Enforcing Environmental Agreements by Thomas Eichner,Rüdiger Pethig Pdf

Author : Rodney D. Ludema,University of Western Ontario. Department of Economics
Publisher : London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Commercial treaties
ISBN : UCSD:31822007649460

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Optimal International Trade Agreements and Dispute Settlement Procedures by Rodney D. Ludema,University of Western Ontario. Department of Economics Pdf

Author : Thomas Eichner,Rüdiger Pethig
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:829225502

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Self-Enforcing Environmental Agreements and International Trade by Thomas Eichner,Rüdiger Pethig Pdf

Author : Thomas Eichner,Rüdiger Pethig
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:890650306

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Self-Enforcing International Environmental Agreements and Trade: Taxes Versus Caps by Thomas Eichner,Rüdiger Pethig Pdf

Author : Kyle Bagwell,Robert W. Staiger
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2004-08-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262524341

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The Economics of the World Trading System by Kyle Bagwell,Robert W. Staiger Pdf

World trade is governed by the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The WTO sets rules of conduct for the international trade of goods and services and for intellectual property rights, provides a forum for multinational negotiations to resolve trade problems, and has a formal mechanism for dispute settlement. It is the primary institution working, through rule-based bargaining, at freeing trade. In this book, Kyle Bagwell and Robert Staiger provide an economic analysis and justification for the purpose and design of the GATT/WTO. They summarize their own research, discuss the major features of the GATT agreement, and survey the literature on trade agreements. Their focus on the terms-of-trade externality is particularly original and ties the book together. Topics include the theory of trade agreements, the origin and design of the GATT and the WTO, the principles of reciprocity, the most favored nation principle, terms-of-trade theory, enforcement, preferential trade agreements, labor and environmental standards, competition policy, and agricultural export subsidies.

Author : Math Noortmann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781317143499

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Enforcing International Law by Math Noortmann Pdf

Until recently, the fundamental link between two basic concepts in international law, namely the right to self-help and the obligation to settle disputes by peaceful means, has been neglected in doctrine and practice. The main issue is that international law traditionally recognizes the right of states to safeguard their own rights by resorting to countermeasures as well as the obligation to settle their disputes by accepted and recognized diplomatic and judicial procedures. Both concepts are based on their own merits, which are assumed to be valid in contemporary international law. It is the primary purpose of this study to determine which rules and principles govern the relationship between the two concepts. The book's major findings arise from an analysis of scholarly work, supported by examples from five different case studies. Drawing insights from legal as well as political science, it will be a valuable resource for students, academics and policy makers in international law, international relations and related areas.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 598 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2016-11-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780444639264

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Handbook of Commercial Policy by Anonim Pdf

Handbook of Commercial Policy explores three main topics that permeate the study of commercial policy. The first section presents a broad set of basic empirical facts regarding the pattern and evolution of commercial policy, with the second section investigating the crosscutting legal issues relating to the purpose and design of agreements. Final sections cover key issues of commercial policy in the modern global economy. Every chapter in the book provides coverage from the perspectives of multilateral, and where appropriate, preferential trade agreements. While most other volumes are policy-oriented, this comprehensive guide explores the ways that intellectual thinking and rigor organize research, further making frontier-level synthesis and current theoretical, and empirical, research accessible to all. Covers the research areas that are critical for understanding how the world of commercial policy has changed, especially over the last 20 years Presents the way in which research on the topic has evolved Scrutinizes the economic modeling of bargaining and legal issues Useful for examining the theory and empirics of commercial policy

Author : Davide Furceri,Swarnali Ahmed Hannan,Mr.Jonathan David Ostry,Mr.Andrew K. Rose
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 57 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484390061

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Macroeconomic Consequences of Tariffs by Davide Furceri,Swarnali Ahmed Hannan,Mr.Jonathan David Ostry,Mr.Andrew K. Rose Pdf

We study the macroeconomic consequences of tariffs. We estimate impulse response functions from local projections using a panel of annual data that spans 151 countries over 1963-2014. We find that tariff increases lead, in the medium term, to economically and statistically significant declines in domestic output and productivity. Tariff increases also result in more unemployment, higher inequality, and real exchange rate appreciation, but only small effects on the trade balance. The effects on output and productivity tend to be magnified when tariffs rise during expansions, for advanced economies, and when tariffs go up, not down. Our results are robust to a large number of perturbations to our methodology, and we complement our analysis with industry-level data.

Author : International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1995-03-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780309587884

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Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade by International Standards, Conformity Assessment, and U.S. Trade Policy Project Committee,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,National Research Council Pdf

Mandated standards used for vehicle airbags, International Organization for Standards (ISO) standards adopted for photographic film, de facto standards for computer software--however they arise, standards play a fundamental role in the global marketplace. Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade provides a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of the link between standards, product testing and certification, and U.S. economic performance. The book includes recommendations for streamlining standards development, increasing the efficiency of product testing and certification, and promoting the success of U.S. exports in world markets. The volume offers a critical examination of organizations involved in standards and identifies the urgent improvements needed in the U.S. system for conformity assessment, in which adherence to standards is assessed and certified. Among other key issues, the book explores the role of government regulation, laboratory accreditation, and the overlapping of multiple quality standards in product development and manufacturing. In one of the first treatments of this subject, Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade offers a unique and highly valuable analysis of the impact of standards and conformity assessment on global trade.

Author : Yoram Barzel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0521000645

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A Theory of the State by Yoram Barzel Pdf

This book models the emergence of the state, and the forces that shape it.

Author : Beth V. Yarbrough,Robert M. Yarbrough
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0691632405

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Cooperation and Governance in International Trade by Beth V. Yarbrough,Robert M. Yarbrough Pdf

International trade liberalization historically has taken many organizational forms--unilateral, bilateral, minilateral, and multilateral. Given the proliferation of normative views about which of these should be pursued, economists and political scientists have devoted surprisingly little attention to the reasons for the observed variation in the chosen forms. This book is the first to develop a single theoretical framework to account for past liberalization practices and also to anticipate ongoing changes in the international organization of trade policy. Growing out of a multidisciplinary effort combining economics, politics, organization, and law, the book's strategic organizational approach will interest students of trade, international relations, or institutional arrangements. Central to the strategic organizational approach is the view that organizational variety reflects alternate governance structures used to facilitate and enforce agreements. Among the successes of the approach are explanations of unilateral liberalization by nineteenth-century Britain, U.S. governance of multilateral liberalization under the early postwar GATT, growing use of bilateral governance to limit nontariff trade barriers, and anticipation of major moves toward minilateral governance, such as Europe/1992 and the Canada-U.S. Free-Trade Agreement. Originally published in 1992. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Author : Beth V. Yarbrough,Robert M. Yarbrough
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781400862900

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Cooperation and Governance in International Trade by Beth V. Yarbrough,Robert M. Yarbrough Pdf

International trade liberalization historically has taken many organizational forms--unilateral, bilateral, minilateral, and multilateral. Given the proliferation of normative views about which of these should be pursued, economists and political scientists have devoted surprisingly little attention to the reasons for the observed variation in the chosen forms. This book is the first to develop a single theoretical framework to account for past liberalization practices and also to anticipate ongoing changes in the international organization of trade policy. Growing out of a multidisciplinary effort combining economics, politics, organization, and law, the book's strategic organizational approach will interest students of trade, international relations, or institutional arrangements. Central to the strategic organizational approach is the view that organizational variety reflects alternate governance structures used to facilitate and enforce agreements. Among the successes of the approach are explanations of unilateral liberalization by nineteenth-century Britain, U.S. governance of multilateral liberalization under the early postwar GATT, growing use of bilateral governance to limit nontariff trade barriers, and anticipation of major moves toward minilateral governance, such as Europe/1992 and the Canada-U.S. Free-Trade Agreement. Originally published in 1992. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Author : Robert Howse,Petrus van Bork
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Foreign trade regulation
ISBN : 0415123658

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The World Trading System: Historical and conceptual foundations by Robert Howse,Petrus van Bork Pdf

Volume 1 = Historical and conceptual foundations ; Volume 2 = Dispute settlement in the world ; Volume 3 = Administered protection ; Volume 4 = The Uruguay round and beyond.