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Author : Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521483719
A clear and concise introduction to this new, cross-disciplinary field.
Author : Gunnar Pruessner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-08-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521853354
An overview of results and methods, written for graduates and researchers in physics, mathematics, biology, sociology, finance, medicine and engineering.
Author : Per Bak
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1475754272
Author : Stefan Hergarten
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662043905
Self-organized criticality (SOC) has become a magic word in various scientific disciplines; it provides a framework for understanding complexity and scale invariance in systems showing irregular fluctuations. In the first 10 years after Per Bak and his co-workers presented their seminal idea, more than 2000 papers on this topic appeared. Seismology has been a field in earth sciences where the SOC concept has already deepened the understanding, but there seem to be much more examples in earth sciences where applying the SOC concept may be fruitful. After introducing the reader into the basics of fractals, chaos and SOC, the book presents established and new applications of SOC in earth sciences, namely earthquakes, forest fires, landslides and drainage networks.
Author : Subhrangshu Sekhar Manna,Attilio L. Stella,Peter Grassberger,Ronald Dickman
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889742196
Author : Paul Krugman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1996-04-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781557866981
The Self-Organizing Economy In the last few years the concept of self-organizing systems—complex systems in which randomness and chaos seem spontaneously to evolve into unexpected order—has linked together researchers in many fields, from artificial intelligence to chemistry, from evolution to geology. Now leading economist Paul Krugman shows how principles that explain the growth of hurricanes and embryos can also explain the formation of cities and business cycles; how the same principles of “order from random growth” can explain the strangely simple rules that describe the sizes of earthquakes, meteorites, and metropolitan areas. Weaving together strands from many disciplines, from location theory to biology, The Self-Organizing Economy offers a surprising new view of how the economy structures itself in space and time.
Author : Dietmar Plenz,Ernst Niebur
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-04-14
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783527651023
Leading authorities in the field review current experimental and theoretical knowledge on criticality and brain function. The book begins by summarizing experimental evidence for criticality and self-organized criticality in the brain. Subsequently, important breakthroughs in modeling of critical neuronal circuits and how to establish self-organized criticality in the brain are described. A milestone publication, defining upcoming directions of research in this new fi eld and set to become the primary source of information on the brain and criticality.
Author : Kim Christensen,Nicholas R. Moloney
Publisher : Imperial College Press
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781860945045
This book provides a challenging and stimulating introduction to the contemporary topics of complexity and criticality, and explores their common basis of scale invariance, a central unifying theme of the book.Criticality refers to the behaviour of extended systems at a phase transition where scale invariance prevails. The many constituent microscopic parts bring about macroscopic phenomena that cannot be understood by considering a single part alone. The phenomenology of phase transitions is introduced by considering percolation, a simple model with a purely geometrical phase transition, thus enabling the reader to become intuitively familiar with concepts such as scale invariance and renormalisation. The Ising model is then introduced, which captures a thermodynamic phase transition from a disordered to an ordered system as the temperature is lowered in zero external field. By emphasising analogies between percolation and the Ising model, the reader's intuition of phase transitions is developed so that the underlying theoretical formalism may be appreciated fully. These equilibrium systems undergo a phase transition only if an external agent finely tunes certain external parameters to particular values.Besides fractals and phase transitions, there are many examples in Nature of the emergence of such complex behaviour in slowly driven non-equilibrium systems: earthquakes in seismic systems, avalanches in granular media and rainfall in the atmosphere. A class of non-equilibrium systems, not constrained by having to tune external parameters to obtain critical behaviour, is addressed in the framework of simple models, revealing that the repeated application of simple rules may spontaneously give rise to emergent complex behaviour not encoded in the rules themselves. The common basis of complexity and criticality is identified and applied to a range of non-equilibrium systems. Finally, the reader is invited to speculate whether self-organisation in non-equilibrium systems might be a unifying concept for disparate fields such as statistical mechanics, geophysics and atmospheric physics.Visit http: //www.complexityandcriticality.com for animations for the models in the book (available for Windows and Linux), solutions to exercises, as well as a list with corrections.
Author : Shengwei Mei,Xuemin Zhang,Ming Cao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011-09-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642162114
“Power Grid Complexity” introduces the complex system theory known as self-organized criticality (SOC) theory and complex network theory, and their applications to power systems. It studies the network characteristics of power systems, such as their small-world properties, structural vulnerability, decomposition and coordination strategies, and simplification and equivalence methods. The book also establishes four blackout models based on SOC theory through which the SOC of power systems is studied at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. Additionally, applications of complex system theory in power system planning and emergency management platforms are also discussed in depth. This book can serve as a useful reference for engineers and researchers working with power systems. Shengwei Mei is a Professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering at Tsinghua University, China. Xuemin Zhang is a Lecturer at the Department of Electrical Engineering at Tsinghua University, China. Ming Cao is an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
Author : Donald Lawson Turcotte,John Rundle,Hans Frauenfelder
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309082853
Author : Mark Buchanan
Publisher : Crown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2002-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780609504321
Critically acclaimed science journalist, Mark Buchanan tells the fascinating story of the discovery that there is a natural structure of instability woven into the fabric of our world, which explains why catastrophes-- both natural and human-- happen. Scientists have recently discovered a new law of nature and its footprints are virtually everywhere-- in the spread of forest fires, mass extinctions, traffic jams, earthquakes, stock-market fluctuations, the rise and fall of nations, and even trends in fashion, music and art. Wherever we look, the world is modelled on a simple template: like a steep pile of sand, it is poised on the brink of instability, with avalanches-- in events, ideas or whatever-- following a universal pattern of change. This remarkable discovery heralds what Mark Buchanan calls the new science of 'ubiquity', a science whose secret lies in the stuff of the everyday world. Combining literary flair with scientific rigour, this enthralling book documents the coming revolution by telling the story of the researchers' exploration of the law, their ingenious work and unexpected insights. Buchanan reveals that we are witnessing the emergence of an extraordinarily powerful new field of science that will help us comprehend the bewildering and unruly rhythms that dominate our lives and may even lead to a true science of the dynamics of human culture and history.
Author : Nico Stollenwerk,Vincent Jansen
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2010-11-25
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781908978400
The present book describes novel theories of mutation pathogen systems showing critical fluctuations, as a paradigmatic example of an application of the mathematics of critical phenomena to the life sciences. It will enable the reader to understand the implications and future impact of these findings, yet at same time allow him to actively follow the mathematical tools and scientific origins of critical phenomena. This book also seeks to pave the way to further fruitful applications of the mathematics of critical phenomena in other fields of the life sciences. Contents:From Deterministic to Stochastic DynamicsSpatial Stochastic Birth–Death Process or SIS-EpidemicsCriticality in Equilibrium SystemsPartial Immunization ModelsRenormalization and Series Expansion: Techniques to Study CriticalityCriticality in Measles Under VaccinationEvolution to Criticality in Meningococcal Disease Readership: Academics in the field of biology, medicine and physics (cross-disciplinary) interested in stochasticity in biological and medical systems, in relation to public health, evolutionary biology and microbiology. Keywords:Critical Phenomena;Stochastic Dynamics;Absorbing Phase Transition;Pair Approximation;Moment Closure;Epidemiology;Ecology;Birth and Death Processes;Accidental Pathogens;Multi-Strain Dynamics;Meningitis;Large FluctuationsKey Features:No competing book existing yetThe treatment of some topics included is scattered in the literature of various fieldsSome topics have never been published in detailed book form beforeExplicit calculations are preferred over results statements
Author : Hocine Cherifi,Sabrina Gaito,José Fernendo Mendes,Esteban Moro,Luis Mateus Rocha
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 992 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030366872
This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students, and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NETWORKS 2019), which took place in Lisbon, Portugal, on December 10–12, 2019. The carefully selected papers cover a wide range of theoretical topics such as network models and measures; community structure, and network dynamics; diffusion, epidemics, and spreading processes; resilience and control as well as all the main network applications, including social and political networks; networks in finance and economics; biological and neuroscience networks; and technological networks.
Author : J. J. Binney,N. J. Dowrick,A. J. Fisher,M. E. J. Newman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1992-06-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191660566
The successful calculation of critical exponents for continuous phase transitions is one of the main achievements of theoretical physics over the last quarter-century. This was achieved through the use of scaling and field-theoretic techniques which have since become standard equipment in many areas of physics, especially quantum field theory. This book provides a thorough introduction to these techniques. Continuous phase transitions are introduced, then the necessary statistical mechanics is summarized, followed by standard models, some exact solutions and techniques for numerical simulations. The real-space renormalization group and mean-field theory are then explained and illustrated. The final chapters cover the Landau-Ginzburg model, from physical motivation, through diagrammatic perturbation theory and renormalization to the renormalization group and the calculation of critical exponents above and below the critical temperature.
Author : Paul Cilliers
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2002-09-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134743292
In Complexity and Postmodernism, Paul Cilliers explores the idea of complexity in the light of contemporary perspectives from philosophy and science. Cilliers offers us a unique approach to understanding complexity and computational theory by integrating postmodern theory (like that of Derrida and Lyotard) into his discussion. Complexity and Postmodernism is an exciting and an original book that should be read by anyone interested in gaining a fresh understanding of complexity, postmodernism and connectionism.
