Semantic Networks

Author : John F. Sowa
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
Page : 594 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781483221144

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Principles of Semantic Networks by John F. Sowa Pdf

Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge provides information pertinent to the theory and applications of semantic networks. This book deals with issues in knowledge representation, which discusses theoretical topics independent of particular implementations. Organized into three parts encompassing 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of semantic network structure for representing knowledge as a pattern of interconnected nodes and arcs. This text then analyzes the concepts of subsumption and taxonomy and synthesizes a framework that integrates many previous approaches and goes beyond them to provide an account of abstract and partially defines concepts. Other chapters consider formal analyses, which treat the methods of reasoning with semantic networks and their computational complexity. This book discusses as well encoding linguistic knowledge. The final chapter deals with a formal approach to knowledge representation that builds on ideas originating outside the artificial intelligence literature in research on foundations for programming languages. This book is a valuable resource for mathematicians.

Author : Gerhard Sagerer,Heinrich Niemann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 507 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781489919137

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Semantic Networks for Understanding Scenes by Gerhard Sagerer,Heinrich Niemann Pdf

Figure 1.1. An outdoor scene "A bus is passing three cars which are parking between trees at the side of the road. Houses having two storeys are lined up at the street. 3 4 Introduction Figure 1.2. An assembly scene There seems to be a small open place between the group of houses in the foreground and the store in the background". In such or a similar way the content of the natural scene shown above can be described. It is quite easy to give such a short description. The problem is somewhat more complex for the second image. First of all, it can be stated that the image does not show an everyday scene. It appears as a kind of man made surrounding. But everyone can accept the following statements about this image: 1. The image shows a snapshot of an assembly line. 2. The robot in front is screwing. 3. There is no person in the working area of the robots. 4. All objects on the conveyor belt are worked on by robots. There are no free objects on the belt.

Author : Piek Vossen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789401714914

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EuroWordNet: A multilingual database with lexical semantic networks by Piek Vossen Pdf

This book describes the main objective of EuroWordNet, which is the building of a multilingual database with lexical semantic networks or wordnets for several European languages. Each wordnet in the database represents a language-specific structure due to the unique lexicalization of concepts in languages. The concepts are inter-linked via a separate Inter-Lingual-Index, where equivalent concepts across languages should share the same index item. The flexible multilingual design of the database makes it possible to compare the lexicalizations and semantic structures, revealing answers to fundamental linguistic and philosophical questions which could never be answered before. How consistent are lexical semantic networks across languages, what are the language-specific differences of these networks, is there a language-universal ontology, how much information can be shared across languages? First attempts to answer these questions are given in the form of a set of shared or common Base Concepts that has been derived from the separate wordnets and their classification by a language-neutral top-ontology. These Base Concepts play a fundamental role in several wordnets. Nevertheless, the database may also serve many practical needs with respect to (cross-language) information retrieval, machine translation tools, language generation tools and language learning tools, which are discussed in the final chapter. The book offers an excellent introduction to the EuroWordNet project for scholars in the field and raises many issues that set the directions for further research in semantics and knowledge engineering.

Author : Elad Segev
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781000471915

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Semantic Network Analysis in Social Sciences by Elad Segev Pdf

Semantic Network Analysis in Social Sciences introduces the fundamentals of semantic network analysis and its applications in the social sciences. Readers learn how to easily transform any given text into a visual network of words co-occurring together, a process that allows mapping the main themes appearing in the text and revealing its main narratives and biases. Semantic network analysis is particularly useful today with the increasing volumes of text-based information available. It is one of the developing, cutting-edge methods to organize, identify patterns and structures, and understand the meanings of our information society. The first chapters in this book offer step-by-step guidelines for conducting semantic network analysis, including choosing and preparing the text, selecting desired words, constructing the networks, and interpreting their meanings. Free software tools and code are also presented. The rest of the book displays state-of-the-art studies from around the world that apply this method to explore news, political speeches, social media content, and even to organize interview transcripts and literature reviews. Aimed at scholars with no previous knowledge in the field, this book can be used as a main or a supplementary textbook for general courses on research methods or network analysis courses, as well as a starting point to conduct your own content analysis of large texts.

Author : Fouad Sabry
Publisher : One Billion Knowledgeable
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2023-06-26
Category : Computers
ISBN : PKEY:6610000470617

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Semantic Network by Fouad Sabry Pdf

What Is Semantic Network A knowledge base that depicts the semantic relations that exist between concepts in a network is known as a semantic network, also known as a frame network. This is a form of knowledge representation that is frequently put to use. It can be either directed or undirected and consists of vertices, which represent concepts, and edges, which reflect semantic relations between concepts, mapping or linking semantic fields. Vertices are used to represent concepts. Edges represent semantic interactions. A semantic network can be "instantiated" in a variety of different ways, such as a concept map or a graph database. Semantic triples are the typical way that typical standardized semantic networks are expressed. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Semantic Network Chapter 2: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Chapter 3: Semantic Web Chapter 4: Ontology (Computer Science) Chapter 5: John F. Sowa Chapter 6: Conceptual Graph Chapter 7: Semantic Similarity Chapter 8: Semantic Research Chapter 9: Semantic Data Model Chapter 10: Knowledge Graph (II) Answering the public top questions about semantic network. (III) Real world examples for the usage of semantic network in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of semantic network' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of semantic network.

Author : Zhaohui Wu,Huajun Chen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2008-11-16
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540794547

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Semantic Grid: Model, Methodology, and Applications by Zhaohui Wu,Huajun Chen Pdf

Semantic Grid: Model, Methodology, and Applications introduces to the science, core technologies, and killer applications. First, scientific issues of semantic grid systems are covered, followed by two basic technical issues, data-level semantic mapping, and service-level semantic interoperating. Two killer applications are then introduced to show how to build a semantic grid for specific application domains. Although this book is organized in a step by step manner, each chapter is independent. Detailed application scenarios are also presented. In 1990, Prof. Wu invented the first KB-system tool, ZIPE, based on C on a SUN platform. He proposed the first coupling knowledge representing model, Couplingua, which embodies Rule, Frame, Semantic Network and Nerve Cell Network, and supports symbol computing and data processing computing. His current focus is on semantic web, grid & ubiquitous computing, and their applications in the life sciences.

Author : S. Grimm
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009-05-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781614993353

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Semantic Matchmaking with Nonmonotonic Description Logics by S. Grimm Pdf

Semantic web has grown into a mature field of research. Its methods find innovative applications on and off the World Wide Web. Its underlying technologies have significant impact on adjacent fields of research and on industrial applications. This new book series reports on the state-of-the-art in foundations, methods, and applications of semantic web and its underlying technologies. It is a central forum for the communication of recent developments and comprises research monographs, textbooks and edited volumes on all topics related to the semantic web. In this first volume several non-monotonic extensions to description logics (DLs) are investigated, namely auto-epistemic DLs, circumscriptive DLs and terminological default rules, all of which extend standard DL inference mechanisms by forms of closed-world and default reasoning associated to common-sense features. A matchmaking framework is established for semantic resource descriptions formulated in the DL formalism that uses various DL inferences to judge resource compatibility. Special emphasis lies on mapping the technical formalities of model-theoretic semantics of DLs to more intuitive notions that abstract from the details of logic for the framework’s easier adoption in applications. The particular contributions of Semantic Matchmaking with Nonmonotonic Description Logics span the fields of non-monotonic reasoning with description logics in artificial intelligence, matchmaking of ontology-based descriptions and semantic web service discovery. A novel tableaux calculus for reasoning in circumscriptive DLs is introduced and it is demonstrated how the various nonmonotonic extensions to description logics can be used to realize common-sense features and local closed-world reasoning in a semantic web setting in general.

Author : Marko A. Rodriguez
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Electronic
ISBN : UCAL:X77874

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Models of Computing in Semantic Networks by Marko A. Rodriguez Pdf

Author : Lokendra Shastri
Publisher : Pitman Publishing
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Computers
ISBN : UOM:39015013829497

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Semantic Networks by Lokendra Shastri Pdf

Shastri’s book describes how a high-level specification of hierarchically structured knowledge about concepts and their properties may be encoded as a massively parallel network of a simple processing elements. The evidential formalization of semantic networks leads to a principled treatment of exceptions, multiple inheritance and conflicting information during inheritance, and the best match or partial match computation during recognition. This formalization offers semantically justifiable solutions to a larger class of problems than existing formulations (e.g. default logic). The network operates without the intervention of a central controller or interpreter. The knowledge as well as mechanisms for drawing limited inferences on it are encoded within the network. It uses controlled spreading activation to solve inheritance and recognition problems in time proportional to the depth of the conceptual hierarchy independent of the total number of concepts in the conceptual structure. The number of nodes in the connectionist network is at most quadratic in the number of concepts. The book has six chapters and one appendix. After the introduction in chapter 1 semantic networks their properties and formalizations are discussed in chapter 2. Especially the significance of inheritance and recognition and the evidential approach to it is pointed out here. Chapter 3 specifies a knowledge representation language. The problems of inheritance and recognition are reformulated in this language. In chapter 4 the evidential formalization and its application to inheritance and recognition are demonstrated. Section 4.1 derives an evidence combination rule. In the following two sections this rule is compared to the DEMPSTER-SHAFER evidence combination rule (section 4.2) and to the BAYES’ rule for computing conditional probabilities. The next two sections develop solutions to evidential inheritance (section 4.4) and evidential recognition (section 4.5) together with constraints for a conceptual structure. The connectionist realization of the memory network is developed in chapter 5. First the need for parallelism is discussed (section 5.1), then the connectionist model (section 5.2) and other massively parallel models of semantic memory (section 5.3) are reviewed. The connectionist encoding of the high-level specification is described in section 5.4 together with the connectivity and computational characteristics of node types. This is followed by examples of network encoding (section 5.5) and the elaboration of some implementation details (section 5.6). In section 5.7 and appendix A there is a proof that the proposed network solves the inheritance and recognition problem in accordance with the evidential formulation and in time proportional to the depth of the conceptual hierarchy. Section 5.8 describes the simulation of the proposed system on a conventional computer together with simulation runs of test examples often cited as being problematic. The book ends with a general discussion (chapter 6).

Author : Dash, Sujata,Subudhi, Bidyadhar
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781522504283

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Handbook of Research on Computational Intelligence Applications in Bioinformatics by Dash, Sujata,Subudhi, Bidyadhar Pdf

Developments in the areas of biology and bioinformatics are continuously evolving and creating a plethora of data that needs to be analyzed and decrypted. Since it can be difficult to decipher the multitudes of data within these areas, new computational techniques and tools are being employed to assist researchers in their findings. The Handbook of Research on Computational Intelligence Applications in Bioinformatics examines emergent research in handling real-world problems through the application of various computation technologies and techniques. Featuring theoretical concepts and best practices in the areas of computational intelligence, artificial intelligence, big data, and bio-inspired computing, this publication is a critical reference source for graduate students, professionals, academics, and researchers.

Author : H.Peter Alesso,Craig F. Smith
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2004-10-27
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781000065329

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Developing Semantic Web Services by H.Peter Alesso,Craig F. Smith Pdf

Developing Semantic Web Services is "well-informed about work on WS [Web Services] and the SemWeb [Semantic Web], and in particular . . . understand[s] OWL-S . . . very well . . .. Also, the book . . . fill[s] a need that, to my knowledge, hasn't been met at all." ---David Martin, editor OWL-S Coalition The inventor of the World Wide Web, Tim Berne

Author : Jeffrey J. Farah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NASA:31769000693799

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Utilizing Semantic Networks to Database and Retrieve Generalized Stochastic Colored Petri Nets by Jeffrey J. Farah Pdf

Author : John Sowa
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1371785292

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Principles of Semantic Networks by John Sowa Pdf

Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge provides information pertinent to the theory and applications of semantic networks. This book deals with issues in knowledge representation, which discusses theoretical topics independent of particular implementations. Organized into three parts encompassing 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of semantic network structure for representing knowledge as a pattern of interconnected nodes and arcs. This text then analyzes the concepts of subsumption and taxonomy and synthesizes a framework that integrates many previous approaches and goes beyond them to provide an account of abstract and partially defines concepts. Other chapters consider formal analyses, which treat the methods of reasoning with semantic networks and their computational complexity. This book discusses as well encoding linguistic knowledge. The final chapter deals with a formal approach to knowledge representation that builds on ideas originating outside the artificial intelligence literature in research on foundations for programming languages. This book is a valuable resource for mathematicians.

Author : Library of Congress
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1992 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Subject headings, Library of Congress
ISBN : WISC:89110490869

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Library of Congress Subject Headings by Library of Congress Pdf

Author : Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo,Petr Křemen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2016-09-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319458809

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Knowledge Engineering and Semantic Web by Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo,Petr Křemen Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and the Semantic Web, KESW 2016, held in Prague, Czech Republic, in September 2016.The 17 revised full papers presented together with 9 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on ontologies; information and knowledge extraction; data management; applications.