Servants And Servitude In Colonial America

Author : Russell M. Lawson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Household employees
ISBN : 9798216012993

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Servants and Servitude in Colonial America by Russell M. Lawson Pdf

The dispossessed people of Colonial America included thousands of servants who either voluntarily or involuntarily ended up serving as agricultural, domestic, skilled, and unskilled laborers in the northern, middle, and southern British American colonies as well as British Caribbean colonies. Thousands of people arrived in the British-American colonies as indentured servants, transported felons, and kidnapped children forced into bound labor. Others already in America, such as Indians, freedmen, and poor whites, placed themselves into the service of others for food, clothing, shelter, and security; poverty in colonial America was relentless, and servitude was the voluntary and involuntary means by which the poor adapted, or tried to adapt, to miserable conditions. From the 1600s to the 1700s, Blacks, Indians, Europeans, Englishmen, children, and adults alike were indentured, apprenticed, transported as felons, kidnapped, or served as redemptioners. Though servitude was more multiracial and multicultural than slavery, involving people from numerous racial and ethnic backgrounds, far fewer books have been written about it. This fascinating new study of servitude in colonial America provides the first complete overview of the varied lives of the dispossessed in 17th- and 18th-century America, examining colonial American servitude in all of its forms.

Author : Antonio T. Bly,Tamia Haygood
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014-12-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9780739192757

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Escaping Servitude by Antonio T. Bly,Tamia Haygood Pdf

Escaping Servitude: A Documentary History of Runaway Servants in Eighteenth-Century Virginia is an edited collection of runaway servant advertisements that appeared in newspapers in eighteenth-century Virginia. In addition to documenting the fugitive in the Chesapeake, it adds to our understanding of indentured servitude and provides valuable insights into an important chapter in American history. Escaping Servitude’s contribution to scholarship is threefold. First, it calls new attention to the scant scholarly body of work concerning indentured servitude; specifically, the work pertaining to fugitive servants. Highlighting well over one thousand accounts in which bondsmen and women ran away from their masters in Virginia during the colonial era, Escaping Servitude complements Abbot Emerson Smith’s Colonist in Bondage: White Servitude and Convict Labor in America, 1607-1776, Edmund Morgan’s American, American Freedom, David W. Galenson’s White Servitude in Colonial America, Anthony Parent Jr.’s Foul Means, Don Jordon and Michael Walsh’s White Cargo, and others studies of American serfdom. Secondly, considering that there is currently no other documentary history in print for other colonies in British America, Escaping Servitude hopes to inspire similar histories for eighteenth-century Maryland, North and South Carolina, Georgia, and the northern colonies. Less known are the life stories of indentures who absconded in other parts of British America. Finally, in its explication of the lives of the unfree, Escaping Servitude hopes to expand the current academic discourse regarding the history of slavery and race.

Author : James Curtis Ballagh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1895
Category : Electronic
ISBN : BSB:BSB11617308

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White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia by James Curtis Ballagh Pdf

Author : Anna Suranyi
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2021-07-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780228007791

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Indentured Servitude by Anna Suranyi Pdf

Hundreds of thousands of British and Irish men, women, and children crossed the Atlantic during the seventeenth century as indentured servants. Many had agreed to serve for four years, but large numbers had been trafficked or “spirited away” or were sent forcibly by government agencies as criminals, political rebels, or destitute vagrants. In Indentured Servitude Anna Suranyi provides new insight into the lives of these people. The British government, Suranyi argues, profited by supplying labour for the colonies, removing unwanted populations, and reducing incarceration costs within Britain. In addition, it was believed that indigents, especially destitute children, benefited morally from being placed in indenture. Capitalist entrepreneurs who were influential at the highest levels of government made their fortunes from Atlantic trade in goods, indentured servants, and slaves, and their participation in the servant trade contributed to the commercialization of criminal justice. Suranyi breaks new ground in showing how indentured servitude was challenged: once in the colonies, indentured servants adapted resourcefully to their circumstances and rebelled against unfair conditions and abuse by suing their masters, by running away, or through outright revolt. Emerging ideas about race and citizenship led to vehement public debate about the conditions of indentured servants and the ethics of indenture itself, prompting legislation that aimed to curb the worst excesses while slavery continued to expand unchecked.

Author : James Ballagh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2020-09-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798685119322

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White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia: a Study of the System of Indentured Labor in the American Colonies (1895) by James Ballagh Pdf

"Ballagh characterized these labor agreements as nothing short of slavery." -Escaping Servitude (2014) "Ballagh went on to explain...black slavery replaced white servitude as the preferred labor system." -An Old Creed for the New South: Proslavery Ideology (2008) "Ballagh, a pioneer historian of slavery in Virginia...contends servitude of Africans preceded their subjection." -America's Forgotten Caste (2013) "Ballagh recognized there were no laws or customs establishing the institution of slavery." -Whiteness and Racialized Ethnic Groups in the United States (2012) Full justice has not yet been done to the great class of English servants, who came to America in the colonial age. To them, more, perhaps, than to any other distinct class is due the broad foundation upon which our American civilization was laid. These were honest and industrious people who were too poor to pay their own way to America, and so bound themselves out for a term of years in order to obtain transportation. As noted by James Curtis Ballagh in his 1895 book "White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia," in the formative period--the seventeenth century--white servants were of supreme importance, negroes not yet having been brought over in great numbers from their native country. The indentured servant of the colonial age is deserving of lasting honor as one who was ready to abandon his native soil to contend with the strange conditions beyond the sea, and with the axe in the forest and the hoe in the field, to lead the van in the first stage of that majestic march of the nation, which did not halt until the shores of the Pacific had been reached. In introducing his book , Ballagh writes: " The object of the present paper, then, is to show: First, the purely colonial development of an institution which both legally and socially was distinct from the institution of slavery, which grew up independently by its side, though the two institutions mutually affected and modified each other to some degree. "Second, that it proved an important factor in the social and economic development of the colonies, and conferred a great benefit on England and other portions of Europe in offering a partial solution of their problem of the unemployed." In concluding his work, Ballagh writes: "In conclusion an important political effect on the American colonies should be noted. The infusion of such large numbers of the lower and middle classes into colonial society could only result in a marked increase of democratic sentiment, which, together with a spirit of rebellion against the unjust importation of convicts and slaves, increased under British tyranny the growing restlessness which finally led to the separation of the colonies from the mother country." About the author: James Curtis Ballagh (1866-1944) wrote "White Servitude" as a dissertation while a Ph.D. student at John Hopkins. He became an associate professor of American history at the University of Alabama in 1906. Other books by the author include: *The South in the Building of the Nation *A history of slavery in Virginia *America's international diplomacy Ballaugh's "White Servitude" is a well-regarded historical source, cited by the following modern works: *A Merciless Place: The Lost Story of Britain's Convict Disaster *The Many Legalities of Early America *The Economy of British America, 1607-1789 *Servants and Servitude in Colonial America *Labor, Job Growth and the Workplace of the Future *Creating Black Americans: African-American History *Class Struggle and the Origin of Racial Slavery *Not Quite White: White Trash and the Boundaries of Whiteness *Our American Adventure: The History of a Pioneer East Texas Family

Author : David W. Galenson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1982-03-11
Category : History
ISBN : 052127379X

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White Servitude in Colonial America by David W. Galenson Pdf

White servitude was one of the major institutions in the economy and society of early colonial British America. In fact more than half of all the white immigrants to the British colonies sold themselves into bondage for a period of years in order to migrate to the New World. Professor Galenson's study of the system of indentured servitude analyses rigourously the composition of this labour force and provides a quantitative description of the demographic, social and economic characteristics of more than 20,000 indentured immigrants. The author examines the interactions between indentured, free and slave labour and provides a framework for analysing why black slavery prevailed over white servitude in the British West Indies and the southern mainland colonies and why both types of bound labour declined to insignificance in the northern colonies of the mainland.

Author : David W. Galenson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:164624788

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White servitude in colonial America by David W. Galenson Pdf

Author : Kenneth Morgan
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2001-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780814756706

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Slavery and Servitude in Colonial North America by Kenneth Morgan Pdf

Kenneth Morgan shows how the institutions of indentured servitude and black slavery interacted in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He covers all aspects of the two labor systems, including their impact on the economy, on racial attitudes, social structures and on regional variations within the colonies. Throughout, overriding themes emerge: the labor market in North America for indentured servants, the significance of racial distinctions, supply and demand factors in transatlantic migration and labor, and resistance to bondage.

Author : James Curtis Ballagh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Indentured servants
ISBN : CHI:18831248

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White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia by James Curtis Ballagh Pdf

Author : Abbott Emerson Smith
Publisher : UNC Press Books
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780807839676

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Colonists in Bondage by Abbott Emerson Smith Pdf

This is the story of the colonists of the kitchens, the stables, the fields, the shops, and those who came to America as indentured servants, men and women who sold" themselves to masters for a period of time in order to pay passage from an old world to a new and freer one. Their leaven has gone into the fiber of American society." Originally published in 1947. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.

Author : James Curtis Ballagh
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 1333550146

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White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia by James Curtis Ballagh Pdf

Excerpt from White Servitude in the Colony of Virginia: A Study of the System of Indentured Labor in the American Colonies The chief interest in the colonial history of America has always centered in the development of political institutions, which, from their importance and endurance, have become of wide significance. For this reason it has been customary to overlook, or to treat as processes subsidiary to the politi cal evolution, many interesting social and economic develop ments, which were of great moment in the history of the colonial period as furnishing the material background of this political development and giving it its distinctive character. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Don Jordan,Michael Walsh
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2008-03-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780814742969

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White Cargo by Don Jordan,Michael Walsh Pdf

White Cargo is the forgotten story of the thousands of Britons who lived and died in bondage in Britain's American colonies. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, more than 300,000 white people were shipped to America as slaves. Urchins were swept up from London's streets to labor in the tobacco fields, where life expectancy was no more than two years. Brothels were raided to provide "breeders" for Virginia. Hopeful migrants were duped into signing as indentured servants, unaware they would become personal property who could be bought, sold, and even gambled away. Transported convicts were paraded for sale like livestock. Drawing on letters crying for help, diaries, and court and government archives, Don Jordan and Michael Walsh demonstrate that the brutalities usually associated with black slavery alone were perpetrated on whites throughout British rule. The trade ended with American independence, but the British still tried to sell convicts in their former colonies, which prompted one of the most audacious plots in Anglo-American history. This is a saga of exploration and cruelty spanning 170 years that has been submerged under the overwhelming memory of black slavery. White Cargo brings the brutal, uncomfortable story to the surface.

Author : John Wareing
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198788904

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Indentured Migration and the Servant Trade from London to America, 1618-1718 by John Wareing Pdf

The key role played by indentured servants in the settlement and development of the English colonies in the West Indies and the North American mainland in the first century of English colonization has been overshadowed by interest in the much larger later trade in African slaves. 'There is Great Want of Servants' provides the first full examination of the English trade in indentured servants, which delivered the majority of an estimated 457,000 white people who migrated to the American colonies before 1720. English colonisation intended to create 'new Englands out of England' - to enlarge trade and plantation - but settlement required people to work the land. Labour had to be transported over 4,000 miles of threatening ocean in a new system of indentured servitude, in which people paid for their transportation and keep, with four years of unpaid service for adults, and more for children and adolescents. The system was not benign, neither in the sugar plantations of the West Indies and the tobacco plantations of Maryland and Virginia, nor at the centre of the trade in London and in other ports such as Bristol. Merchants, procurers, and masters of ships often used illicit methods to recruit servants as human cargo. Measures to reduce spiriting by making the offence a felony punishable by hanging, or registering servants in new offices, had little effect. The 1718 Transportation Act eased servant recruitment, but when wars in 1689-1697 and 1702-1713 disrupted the supply of servants, and demand for the addictive products of the sugar and tobacco colonies soared in Britain and Europe, white servants were increasingly substituted by African chattel slaves.

Author : Susan E. Klepp,Billy G. Smith
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0271041137

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Infortunate by Susan E. Klepp,Billy G. Smith Pdf

A rare memoir from the early eighteenth century by an Englishman who traveled to the New World as an indentured servant.

Author : JAMES CURTIS. BALLAGH
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1033121606

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WHITE SERVITUDE IN THE COLONY OF VIRGINIA by JAMES CURTIS. BALLAGH Pdf