Sharing Environmental Risks

Author : John Magne Skjelvik,Anne Maren Erlandsen,Oscar Haavardsholm
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
Page : 81 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789289351577

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Environmental impacts and potential of the sharing economy by John Magne Skjelvik,Anne Maren Erlandsen,Oscar Haavardsholm Pdf

The various sharing initiatives seen in the Nordic countries over the last years within transportation, housing/accommodation, sharing/renting of smaller capital goods and personal services could yield considerable benefits for consumers due to better quality and/or lower prices of the services. They also have a potential for emissions reductions of CO2 and local pollutants. However, savings from lower prices could lead to increased emissions from increased demand of the services (particularly transport) and increased spending on other goods and services. Depending on how consumers spend their savings, these changes could partly, wholly or more than offset the initial emission reductions. The impacts on overall CO2 emissions depend on whether the emissions are taxed, part of the emissions trading system EU ETS or not regulated at all.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309264143

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U.S. Health in International Perspective by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries Pdf

The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.

Author : Michelle E. Jarvie-Eggart
Publisher : SME
Page : 806 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780873353731

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Responsible Mining by Michelle E. Jarvie-Eggart Pdf

Mining Can Be Environmentally and Socially Responsible—and Still Profitable Even in this regulated, environmentally aware world, running a mine can be done safely, with combined goals of maximizing both the return on investment from extraction and the positive environmental and social impact that a well-run, responsible mine can offer. Responsible Mining is your comprehensive guide to addressing social and environmental risks at mines in the developed world. This book gathers case studies of best practices across the full range of issues. With examples from four continents, you can learn from both your home territory and around the world. Seventy-two leading mine engineers, forestry scientists, conservationists, environmental consultants, sustainability professionals, and geologists from prominent universities, extraction businesses, nongovernmental organizations, and governments have come together within these pages to lead you safely and profitably toward socially, environmentally, and economically beneficial mining practices. Organized around ten sustainability principles required of International Council on Mining and Metals members (including some of the largest extraction businesses in the world), the book addresses nearly every environmental and social consequence of mining in developed countries, including: · Protecting biodiversity · Minimizing negative impacts on climate change · Interacting appropriately with indigenous peoples · Enhancing the local community and reducing poverty · Reusing and recycling materials · Recovering energy · Recapturing and reusing water · Managing proper storage, reclamation, and disposal of tailings · Restoring the land after ceasing mining operations You will want to make this book required reading for all members of your team who are responsible for environmental compliance, resource recovery, sustainability, energy management, and marketing/public relations to facilitate cross-departmental discussions about how to incorporate best practices into your business plans.

Author : Organisation mondiale de la santé. Bureau régional de l'Europe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9289000511

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Health and environment : communicating the risks by Organisation mondiale de la santé. Bureau régional de l'Europe Pdf

Author : Paul K. Freeman,Howard Kunreuther
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789401153607

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Managing Environmental Risk Through Insurance by Paul K. Freeman,Howard Kunreuther Pdf

Can insurance be used as a means to obtain compliance with environmental policy? Answering this question requires examination of a broad mosaic of academic issues, including current systems available for providing compensation and deterrence, use of contracts (including insurance) as substitutes for tort law, limitations of regulatory policy-making by government agencies, pre-conditions for creation of insurance products, and market mechanisms necessary for insurance to be purchased or sold. The purpose of Managing Environmental Risk Through Insurance is to highlight the potential role that insurance and performance standards can play in managing environmental risk. Insurance can play a significant role in dealing with one of the most problematic issues facing society today - how to compensate for environmental exposures. This book analyzes the ability of insurance to play a role in managing environmental risk. It begins by outlining the role insurance plays in society in contrast to other societal tools for addressing risk: government benefit programs and imposition of involuntary liability using the court system. By so doing, the book describes the comparative advantages of insurance. The book then analyzes the insurability of the risks. Finally, the book applies the insurability analysis to three concrete environmental examples.

Author : Ellen Omohundro
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-06-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351153744

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Living in a Contaminated World by Ellen Omohundro Pdf

Originally published in 2004. Using innovative methodology which considers both social and biophysical parameters to examine a range of mining and mineral production sites (including the controversial Superfund sites in the USA), this book focuses on how environmental regulators, local residents and other stakeholders work together to define the communities affected by environmental hazards and to assess the associated health impacts. It also questions the social factors which frame community-level decision-making about environmental risks, such as shared history, community identity, control in local decisions, distribution of power among local institutions, and participation in decisions about environmental risks and mitigation. The book argues that a better understanding of such factors would not only permit the development of more informed policies, but would also provide opportunities to improve community involvement in mitigation efforts.

Author : Barbara Adam,Stuart Allan,Cynthia Carter
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-01-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134610938

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Environmental Risks and the Media by Barbara Adam,Stuart Allan,Cynthia Carter Pdf

Environmental Risks and the Media explores the ways in which environmental risks, threats and hazards are represented, transformed and contested by the media. At a time when popular conceptions of the environment as a stable, natural world with which humanity interferes are being increasingly contested, the medias methods of encouraging audiences to think about environmental risks - from the BSE or 'mad cow' crisis to global climate change - are becoming more and more controversial. Examining large-scale disasters, as well as 'everyday' hazards, the contributors consider the tensions between entertainment and information in media coverage of the environment. How do the media frame 'expert', 'counter-expert' and 'lay public' definitions of environmental risk? What role do environmental pressure groups like Greenpeace or 'eco-warriors' and 'green guerrillas' play in shaping what gets covered and how? Does the media emphasis on spectacular events at the expense of issue-sensitive reporting exacerbate the public tendency to overestimate sudden and violent risks and underestimate chronic long-term ones?

Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2001-09-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309062435

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Information Systems and the Environment by National Academy of Engineering Pdf

Information technology is a powerful tool for meeting environmental objectives and promoting sustainable development. This collection of papers by leaders in industry, government, and academia explores how information technology can improve environmental performance by individual firms, collaborations among firms, and collaborations among firms, government agencies, and academia. Information systems can also be used by nonprofit organizations and the government to inform the public about broad environmental issues and environmental conditions in their neighborhoods. Several papers address the challenges to information management posed by the explosive increase in information and knowledge about environmental issues and potential solutions, including determining what information is environmentally relevant and how it can be used in decision making. In addition, case studies are described and show how industry is using information systems to ensure sustainable development and meet environmental standards. The book also includes examples from the public sector showing how governments use information knowledge systems to disseminate "best practices" beyond big firms to small businesses, and from the world of the Internet showing how knowledge is shared among environmental advocates and the general public.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : OECD
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2003-11-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015061735422

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Policy Issues in Insurance Environmental Risks and Insurance by Anonim Pdf

From the increasing incidence of environmental pollution and soil contamination, to recurring natural disasters, the risks posed by the constant interaction between human activities and the environment are diverse, manifold and often catastrophic in their consequences. Therefore, the elaboration of effective risk-management plans, aimed at formulating viable response strategies, requires the contribution of all the economic actors involved: private parties, financial institutions, governments and international organizations. This report focuses on the role of insurance and reinsurance companies in the management of environmental risks - environmental pollution risk and natural catastrophe risk in particular. It discusses the issue of insurability of such risks, analyses the increasing risk of liability for environmental pollution and the underlying trends in the development of environmental liability regimes in OECD countries. It also presents an overview of the various environmental pollution insurance products and techniques developed in response to legal and factual evolutions. In addition, it describes the special features of natural catastrophe risks, the role of traditional insurance markets in the coverage of such perils, and alternative options of coverage, from governmental disaster schemes to new financial market instruments.

Author : Nicky Chambers,Craig Simmons,Mathis Wackernagel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UOM:39015045673145

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Sharing Nature's Interest by Nicky Chambers,Craig Simmons,Mathis Wackernagel Pdf

Ecological Footprinting is rapidly being adopted as the most effective and practical way to measure our impact on the environment - in both large and small scale planning and development. Government agencies, NGOs, local authorities, planners and managers are all turning to it, since without a way of measuring consequences we cannot hope to live within the environmental resources available. We have to live off nature's interest, not its capital. "Sharing Nature's Interest "provides a simple and straightforward introduction to ecological footprint analysis, showing how it can be done, and how to measure the "footprints" of activities, lifestyles, organizations and regions. Case studies clearly illustrate its effectiveness at national, organizational, individual and product levels. An invaluable resource for anyone attempting to understand or quantify human impacts on the environment.

Author : Jeanne X. Kasperson,Roger E. Kasperson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 586 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136533839

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Global Environmental Risk by Jeanne X. Kasperson,Roger E. Kasperson Pdf

Despite international initiatives such as the Earth Summit in 1992 and ongoing efforts to implement the Kyoto Protocol, human activities continue to register a destructive toll on the planetary environment. At root, research on global environmental risk seeks new pathways for reversing unsustainable trends, curtailing ongoing destructive activities, and creating a life-sustaining planet. This book takes stock of the distinctive challenges posed by global environmental risks, the capacity of knowledge systems to identify and characterize such risks, and the competence of human society to manage the unprecedented complexity. Particular attention trains on engaging, in ways conducive to enhancing social learning and adaptation, the large uncertainties inherent in these risks. Various chapters enlist different scales of analysis to explore the manifestation and causes of global environmental risks in all the diversity of their regional expression. Throughout, the editors and contributors accord prominence to the vulnerability of people and places to environmental degradation. Understanding vulnerability is a neglected key to assessing the nature of the risks and determining strategies for altering trajectories of threat. Global risk futures, the editors argue, are not intractable, and are still amenable to a risk-analysis enterprise that is democratic in principle, humanistic in concept, and geared to the realities that pertain to the particular societies, locales, and regions that will ultimately bear the risk.

Author : Kuishuang Feng,Klaus Hubacek,Yang Yu
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317577287

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Local Consumption and Global Environmental Impacts by Kuishuang Feng,Klaus Hubacek,Yang Yu Pdf

This book describes how local consumption, particularly in urban areas, is increasingly met by global supply chains. These supply chains often extend over large geographical distances and have greater global environmental impacts, contributing to pollution, climate change, water scarcity, and deforestation. As consumption is increasingly met by globalized supply chains, causing social, economic, and environmental impacts elsewhere, consumption decisions can unknowingly contribute and reinforce global inequality and exploitation. To account for the impacts of consumption and distribution of wealth we need to analyze global supply and value chains. In this volume, the authors provide an overview of key methods of analysis, including Multi-Regional Input-Output analysis and Life Cycle Assessment. Subsequent chapters connect local consumption to the global consequences of different environmental issues, such as water and land use and stress, greenhouse gases emissions, and other forms of air pollution. Each issue is addressed in an individual chapter, including case studies from China, U.S. and UK. The book will be key reading for students taking courses in environmental sciences, sustainability sciences, ecological economies, and geography.

Author : Keith Smith
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2013-01-16
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781136647154

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Environmental Hazards by Keith Smith Pdf

This is a well-written and generously illustrated overview of all the natural and technological events that threaten humans and what they value. It draws on the latest research across the physical and human sciences and guides students and researchers from problems, theories and policies to explore practical, real-world situations.

Author : Keith Smith
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0415224640

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Environmental Hazards by Keith Smith Pdf

Topics include : risk assessment, disaster management, adjustment to the hazard (accepting, sharing, reducing loss), earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, snow avalances, storms, biophysical hazards (extreme temperatures, epidemics, frost, wildlifires), floods, droughts, technological hazards (i.e. Bhopal and Chernobyl), etc.

Author : Johnstone Nick,Serret Ysé
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2006-02-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264066137

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The Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy by Johnstone Nick,Serret Ysé Pdf

This book builds upon existing literature to simultaneously examine disparities in the distribution of environmental impacts of environmental policy and in the distribution of financial effects among households.