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Author : H. Stuart Muench,Rupert S. Hawkins
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Image processing
ISBN : UOM:39015095138999
Author : H. Stuart Muench
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Remote-sensing images
ISBN : UOM:39015095139369
Author : H. Stuart Muench
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Remote-sensing images
ISBN : OCLC:325000453
An effort is underway at Air Force Geophysics Laboratory to develop automated procedures to make short-range (0-6 hr) terminal weather forecasts using GOES imagery data. A simple approach is to extrapolate the cloud patterns using motion vectors derived from a comparison of successive images. This report describes a test of candidate motion vector techniques using twelve cases of six successive images in a variety of weather conditions. Included in the techniques were two that track brightness centers, three that use cross-covariance, and two using winds aloft. All were compared against persistence (no motion, no change). For all time periods and all thresholds, a binary covariance technique had the highest scores but the techniques using winds aloft were very close. Also, no technique was much better than persistence. There is evidence that most (perhaps 75 percent) of the total changes occurring are not due to simple motion of the cloud patterns but due to more complex processes.
Author : H. Stuart Muench
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Cloud forecasting
ISBN : UOM:39015095141456
This report describes the development and testing of an objective technique to forecast cloudiness and precipitation through extrapolation of satellite imagery. By utilizing on objectively determined cloud-motion vector, the technique makes local forecasts of satellite parameters (brightness and IR temperature), with high temporal resolution, using simple linear extrapolation. Algorithms are then used to convert the satellite parameters to total cloud cover, probability of 1-hour precipitation, and presence of low, middle, and high clouds. The test program computed motion vectors and made forecasts out to 7 hours, in half-hour steps, at 30 locations. The program was tested on 12 spring and fall cases, using half-hourly GOES imagery. For periods beyond 2 hours, forecasts of cloud cover and precipitation were markedly better than persistence, which deficiencies in specification hindered short-period performance. Forecasts of cloud layers were worse than persistence due to inadequate specification algorithms. The net results were quite encouraging, and further refinements and developments are planned.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : MINN:30000005901305
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2024-07-02
Category : Science
ISBN : CORNELL:31924057177705
Author : Eric F. Thacher
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 159033308X
In the quixotic quest to reduce air pollution and fuel cars with alternative sources instead of gas, solar powered cars have emerged as one option. Although disagreements abound about the feasibility and practicality of these vehicles, this book presents the basics behind the idea of solar cars. From the construction of the engine to raising funds, the book is a valuable introduction to the present and future of the emission-free automobile.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Weather forecasting
ISBN : UCSD:31822010549483
Author : H. Stuart Muench,Thomas J. Keegan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Cloud forecasting
ISBN : UOM:39015095139294
This report summarizes the work accomplished during the first phase of an investigation concerning methods of introducing digitized satellite imagery into short-range, objective forecasting operations. The data archive being assembled for this study is described, with particular attention given to the steps taken to maximize the accuracy of the satellite imagery. These steps included 'fine tuning' the navigation and selecting procedures for 'normalizing' the data by correcting for the effects of Lambertian and anisotropic scattering. Consistency of the data, spatial and temporal, was tested by analysis of ground reflectance during cloudless days, and a pilot test of the specification of single layers of clouds was conducted. Both of these tests gave encouraging results. An investigation of specifying precipitation rate, using just the visible reflectance and infrared temperature of the cloud top, also produced good results. Nomograms for the average rate during the hour following the satellite observation, as well as for the probability of observing more than 0.01 in. and 0.10 in. of precipitation, are illustrated. Two appendices present the geometrical and optical equations relevant to the investigation. (Author).
Author : H. Stuart Muench
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Artificial satellites
ISBN : UOM:39015095141365
A previously developed advection forecast technique was modified to include data extracted from satellite imagery. A forecast experiment was then conducted using a data base gathered at AFGL during March 1984. This experiment was designed to test the usefulness of : (a) 3-hour forecast updates, (b) a biquadratic interpolation, and (c) cloud and precipitation information from satellite imagery. The test results confirmed earlier tests in that advection using space-averaged 500-mb winds produced the best overall scores and that in general the scores for 1 - 15 hours were better than persistence. The age of the advection flow (3, 6 or 9 hours old) did not affect forecast score, making updates useful. The biquadratic interpolation procedure produced better fits to observation than bilinear and appears to have improved forecasts. There was but a small benefit from adding satellite information to surface observations when forecasting cloud cover and hourly precipitation. the difficulties of trying to forecast even 30 to 50 percent of the time-change variance suggest that alternative approaches such as mesoscale modeling will be needed for accurate, reliable short-range forecasts.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2024-07-02
Category : Environmental geology
ISBN : CHI:59181469
Author : Colin S. Ramage
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 500 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Meteorology
ISBN : IND:30000130067766
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Astrophysics
ISBN : UOM:39015039845022
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Hydrodynamic short range weather forecasting
ISBN : UCSD:31822031277700
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Science
ISBN : OSU:32435028598175