Similative And Equative Constructions

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Similative and Equative Constructions

Yvonne Treis,Martine Vanhove
Similative and Equative Constructions Book PDF

Author : Yvonne Treis,Martine Vanhove
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027265975

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Similative and Equative Constructions by Yvonne Treis,Martine Vanhove Pdf

While comparative constructions have been extensively studied in the past decades, the expression of equality and similarity has so far attracted little attention in the typological literature. The fifteen contributions assembled in this volume study similative and equative constructions in typologically and genetically distant languages, albeit with a focus on Africa, and from a range of perspectives. Purely synchronically oriented case studies are supplemented by contributions that also shed light on the diachronic development of similative and equative constructions in language contact situations. Sources of similative morphemes and lexically expressed concepts of likeness are examined, and little-known multifunctionality patterns and grammaticalisation targets of similative morphemes – such as purpose clause markers, modality morphemes and markers of glottonyms – are discussed. Based on a sample of 119 languages worldwide, a new typology of equative constructions is proposed. The book should be of interest to typologists, semanticists, specialists of grammaticalization, historical linguistics and syntax.

Copular Clauses and Focus Marking in Sumerian

Gábor Zólyomi
Copular Clauses and Focus Marking in Sumerian Book PDF

Author : Gábor Zólyomi
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110401707

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Copular Clauses and Focus Marking in Sumerian by Gábor Zólyomi Pdf

This work is the first comprehensive description of Sumerian constructions involving a copula. Using around 400 fully glossed examples, it gives a thorough analysis of all uses of the copula, which is one of the least understood and most frequently misinterpreted and consequently mistranslated morphemes in Sumerian. It starts with a concise introduction into the grammatical structure of Sumerian, followed by a study that is accessible to both linguists and sumerologists, as it applies the terminology of modern descriptive linguistics. It provides the oldest known and documented example of the path of grammaticalization that leads from a copula to a focus marker. It gives the description of Sumerian copular paratactic relative clauses, which make use of an otherwise only scarcely attested relativization strategy. At the end of the book, the reader will have a clear picture about the morphological and syntactic devices used to mark identificational, polarity and sentence focus in Sumerian, one of the oldest documented languages in the world.

Comparison and Gradation in Indo-European

Götz Keydana,Wolfgang Hock,Paul Widmer
Comparison and Gradation in Indo European Book PDF

Author : Götz Keydana,Wolfgang Hock,Paul Widmer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 605 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2021-06-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110641325

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Comparison and Gradation in Indo-European by Götz Keydana,Wolfgang Hock,Paul Widmer Pdf

The ability to compare is fundamental to human cognition. Expressing various types of comparison is thus essential to any language. The present volume presents detailed grammatical descriptions of how comparison and gradation are expressed in ancient Indo-European languages. The detailed chapters devoted to the individual languages go far beyond standard handbook knowledge. Each chapter is structured the same way to facilitate cross-reference and (typological) comparison. The data are presented in a top-down fashion and in a format easily accessible to the linguistic community. The topics covered are similatives, equatives, comparatives, superlatives, elatives, and excessives. Each type of comparison is illustrated with glossed examples of all its attested grammatical realizations. The book is an indispensable tool for typologists, historical linguists, and students of the syntax and morphosyntax of comparison.

Adverbial Constructions in the Languages of Europe

Johan van der Auwera
Adverbial Constructions in the Languages of Europe Book PDF

Author : Johan van der Auwera
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 876 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011-05-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110802610

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Adverbial Constructions in the Languages of Europe by Johan van der Auwera Pdf

The series is a platform for contributions of all kinds to this rapidly developing field. General problems are studied from the perspective of individual languages, language families, language groups, or language samples. Conclusions are the result of a deepened study of empirical data. Special emphasis is given to little-known languages, whose analysis may shed new light on long-standing problems in general linguistics.

A grammar of Kalamang

Eline Visser
A grammar of Kalamang Book PDF

Author : Eline Visser
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-16
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783961103430

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A grammar of Kalamang by Eline Visser Pdf

This book is a grammar of Kalamang, a Papuan language of western New Guinea in the east of Indonesia. It is spoken by around 130 people in the villages Mas and Antalisa on the biggest of the Karas Islands, which lie just off the coast of Bomberai Peninsula. This work is the first comprehensive grammar of a Papuan language in the Bomberai area. It is based on eleven months of fieldwork. The primary source of data is a corpus of more than 15 hours of spoken Kalamang recorded and transcribed between 2015 and 2019. This grammar covers a wide range of topics beyond a phonological and morphosyntactic description, including prosody, narrative styles, and information structure. More than 1000 examples illustrate the analyses, and are where possible taken from naturalistic spoken Kalamang. The descriptive approach in this grammar is informed by current linguistic theory, but is not driven by any specific school of thought. Comparison to other West Bomberai or eastern Indonesian languages is taken into account whenever it is deemed helpful. Kalamang has several typologically interesting features, such as unpredictable stress, minimalistic give-constructions consisting of just two pronouns, aspectual markers that follow the subject, and the NP and predicate – rather than the noun and verb – as important domains of attachment. This grammar is accompanied by an openly accessible archive of linguistic and cultural material and a dictionary with 2700 lemmas. It serves as a document of one of the world's many endangered languages.

A Reference Grammar of Caijia

Shanshan Lü
A Reference Grammar of Caijia Book PDF

Author : Shanshan Lü
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 628 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2022-10-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110724806

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A Reference Grammar of Caijia by Shanshan Lü Pdf

Caijia, [meŋ21ni33ŋoŋ33] ‘Caijia speech’, is an endangered language in the Sino-Tibetan family with less than 1000 speakers in Hezhang and Weining counties in northwest in Guizhou Province in Southwest China. Its sub-classification remains unclear. It was almost four decades ago when the Caijia language was officially reported for the first time in 1982 by the Language Team of Bureau of Ethnic Identification in Bijie, yet this language has nevertheless remained neither well-described nor studied. This book, a linguistic description of the Xingfa variety of Caijia based on the fieldwork data in Xingfa township of Hezhang county, is the first reference grammar of the Caijia language, covering its sound system, word formation, parts of speech and syntactic structures in fifteen chapters. Being analytic, Caijia presents many common grammatical features attested in East and Southeast Asian languages, for example, compounds, quadrisyllabic idiomatic expressions or elaborate expressions, lack of inflection, a classifier system, a strong relationship between nominalization and relativization, pro-drop and grammaticalization of verbs. Moreover, Caijia shares more similarities with Sinitic languages. Apart from these common areal features, this book will also reveal some special features of Caijia.

Burmese

Mathias Jenny,San San Hnin Tun
Burmese Book PDF

Author : Mathias Jenny,San San Hnin Tun
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317309314

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Burmese by Mathias Jenny,San San Hnin Tun Pdf

Burmese: A Comprehensive Grammar is a complete reference guide to modern Burmese grammar. It presents a fresh and thorough description of the language, concentrating on the real patterns of use in modern Burmese. The volume is organized to promote a thorough understanding of Burmese grammar. It offers a stimulating analysis of the complexities of the language, with clear explanations. Throughout, the emphasis is on Burmese as used by present-day native speakers. Features include: detailed treatment of the common grammatical structures and parts of speech particular attention to areas of confusion and difficulty all examples given in Burmese script, IPA phonetic transcription, and English glossary of linguistic terminology The Grammar is the ideal reference source for intermediate to advanced learners and users of Burmese and will remain the standard reference work for years to come.

A Typological Approach to Grammaticalization and Lexicalization

Janet Zhiqun Xing
A Typological Approach to Grammaticalization and Lexicalization Book PDF

Author : Janet Zhiqun Xing
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110637427

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A Typological Approach to Grammaticalization and Lexicalization by Janet Zhiqun Xing Pdf

"Based on comparative analyses of diachronic data, the articles in this volume address both theoretical and methodological issues in the study of grammaticalization and lexicalization in both Eastern and Western languages. The central question raised and discussed in this volume is how, if any, typological properties of the two genetically unrelated language families interact with the processes of grammaticalization and lexicalization."--

Type Noun Constructions in Slavic, Germanic and Romance Languages

Wiltrud Mihatsch,Inga Hennecke,Anna Kisiel,Alena Kolyaseva,Kristin Davidse,Lieselotte Brems
Type Noun Constructions in Slavic Germanic and Romance Languages Book PDF

Author : Wiltrud Mihatsch,Inga Hennecke,Anna Kisiel,Alena Kolyaseva,Kristin Davidse,Lieselotte Brems
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 742 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-04-26
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110701104

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Type Noun Constructions in Slavic, Germanic and Romance Languages by Wiltrud Mihatsch,Inga Hennecke,Anna Kisiel,Alena Kolyaseva,Kristin Davidse,Lieselotte Brems Pdf

This volume is the first dedicated to the comprehensive, in-depth analysis of constructions with nouns like ‘type’ and ‘sort’. It focuses on type noun constructions in Romance, Germanic and Slavic languages, integrating the different descriptive traditions that had been developed for each language family. As a result, a greater variety of type noun constructions is revealed than in the hitherto more fragmented literature. But attention is also drawn to the cross-linguistic similarity of the new pragmatic meanings, such as ad hoc and approximative categorization, hedging, focus and filler uses, and the new grammatical functions in NPs (e.g. phoric uses), clauses (e.g. adverbial uses) and complex sentences (e.g. quotatives). The volume offers survey chapters of type noun constructions in each language family as well as contributions focusing on specific aspects in one or two languages, such as their grammar, semantics and pragmatics, diachronic development, discursive and sociolinguistic variety. These complementary methodologies elucidate the unique cross-linguistic field of type noun constructions both descriptively and theoretically. Hence, this volume can also serve as a model for similar surveys in other functional domains.

Grammatical gaps: definition, typology and theory

Thomas Strobel,Helmut Weiß
Grammatical gaps definition typology and theory Book PDF

Author : Thomas Strobel,Helmut Weiß
Publisher : Helmut Buske Verlag
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-11
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9783967692914

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Grammatical gaps: definition, typology and theory by Thomas Strobel,Helmut Weiß Pdf

Grammatiken sind (metaphorisch gesprochen) Anweisungen zum richtigen Gebrauch einer Sprache. Interessanterweise zeigen Grammatiken offenbar Lücken, die dadurch entstehen, dass für bestimmte Bereiche Regeln (bzw. Formen) ganz fehlen oder dass sich einzelne Regeln widersprechen und der daraus resultierende Konflikt deren Anwendung verhindert. Grammatische Lücken, auf deren Relevanz für eine 'realistische' Grammatiktheorie wohl zuerst Marga Reis hingewiesen hat, sind in den letzten Jahren schon vereinzelt in den Fokus der Forschung geraten. Das Sonderheft versammelt Arbeiten zu verschiedenen Arten von Lücken und zeigt damit, wie ertragreich und wichtig die Erforschung grammatischer Lücken sein kann. Grammars are (metaphorically speaking) instructions for the correct use of languages. One might expect that grammars are complete, i.e., that they provide an appropriate solution for each utterance context. Interestingly, however, grammars seem to show gaps, which are caused by the fact that rules (or forms) in certain domains are missing completely or that individual rules contradict each other and that the resulting conflict prevents their application. Grammatical gaps, whose relevance for a 'realistic' theory of grammar was probably first pointed out by Marga Reis, have come into the focus of research in recent years. The present special issue collects papers on different kinds of gaps and shows how fruitful and important the investigation of grammatical gaps can prove to be. Inhalt: Introduction – Ralf Vogel: Grammatical gaps, grammatical invention and grammatical theory – André Meinunger: Unexpected finite verb forms in German – cases of grammatical illusion? – Patrick Mächler, Anja Hasse: Gaps of definiteness. Marking of (in)definiteness in Swiss German, Norwegian, Faroese and Elfdalian – Elisabeth Scherr: Attraction of the void. The lack of aspect in German and its effect on language change – Oliver Schallert: Morphological gaps in verbal diminutive formation: Some observations on Alemannic – Julia Bacskai-Atkari: Syntactic paradigms, markedness and similative markers in comparative and relative clauses – Fenna Bergsma: A typology of case competition in headless relatives – Ewa Trutkowski: How sex and gender shape agreement in German relative clauses – Tabea Reiner: What counts as a gap? The case of typological hierarchies

English Historical Linguistics

Bettelou Los,Claire Cowie,Patrick Honeybone,Graeme Trousdale
English Historical Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Bettelou Los,Claire Cowie,Patrick Honeybone,Graeme Trousdale
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027258205

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English Historical Linguistics by Bettelou Los,Claire Cowie,Patrick Honeybone,Graeme Trousdale Pdf

This volume contains a set of articles based on papers selected from those delivered at the 20th International Conference on English Historical Linguistics (ICEHL, Edinburgh 2018). It focuses on cutting-edge research in the history of English, while reflecting the diversity that exists in the current landscape of English historical linguistics. Chapters showcase traditional as well as novel methodologies in historical linguistics (the latter made possible by the increasing quality and accessibility of digital tools), work on linguistic interfaces (between segmental phonology and prosody, and syntax and information structure) and work on mechanisms of language change (such as Yang’s Tolerance Principle, on the threshold for the productivity of linguistic rules in language acquisition). The volume will be of interest to those working on the historical phonology, morphology, syntax and pragmatics of English, language change, corpus linguistics, computational historical linguistics, and related sub-disciplines.

Exploring Intensification

Maria Napoli,Miriam Ravetto
Exploring Intensification Book PDF

Author : Maria Napoli,Miriam Ravetto
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027265128

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Exploring Intensification by Maria Napoli,Miriam Ravetto Pdf

This book is the first collective volume specifically devoted to the multifaceted phenomenon of intensification, which has been traditionally regarded as related to the expression of degree, scaling a quality downwards or upwards. In spite of the large amount of studies on intensifiers, there is still a need for the characterization of intensification as a distinct functional category in the domain of modification. The eighteen papers of the volume contribute to this aim with a new approach (mainly corpus-based). They focus on intensification from different perspectives (both synchronic and diachronic) and theoretical frameworks, concern ancient languages (Hittite, Greek, Latin) and modern languages (mainly Italian, German, English, Kiswahili), and involve different levels of analysis. They also identify and examine different types of intensifiers, applied to different forms and structures, such as adverbs, adjectives, evaluative affixes, discourse markers, reduplication, exclamative clauses, coordination, prosodic elements, and shed light on issues which have not been extensively studied so far.

The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages

Ronny Meyer,Bedilu Wakjira,Zelealem Leyew
The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages Book PDF

Author : Ronny Meyer,Bedilu Wakjira,Zelealem Leyew
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1425 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2023-04-27
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191044243

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The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages by Ronny Meyer,Bedilu Wakjira,Zelealem Leyew Pdf

This handbook provides a comprehensive account of the languages spoken in Ethiopia, exploring both their structures and features and their function and use in society. The first part of the volume provides background and general information relating to Ethiopian languages, including their demographic distribution and classification, language policy, scripts and writing, and language endangerment. Subsequent parts are dedicated to the four major language families in Ethiopia - Cushitic, Ethiosemitic, Nilo-Saharan, and Omotic - and contain studies of individual languages, with an initial introductory overview chapter in each part. Both major and less-documented languages are included, ranging from Amharic and Oromo to Zay, Gawwada, and Yemsa. The final part explores languages that are outside of those four families, namely Ethiopian Sign Language, Ethiopian English, and Arabic. With its international team of senior researchers and junior scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Ethiopian Languages will appeal to anyone interested in the languages of the region and in African linguistics more broadly.

New Perspectives in Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew

Aaron D. Hornkohl,Geoffrey Khan
New Perspectives in Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew Book PDF

Author : Aaron D. Hornkohl,Geoffrey Khan
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
Page : 806 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2021-04-06
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781800641662

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New Perspectives in Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew by Aaron D. Hornkohl,Geoffrey Khan Pdf

Most of the papers in this volume originated as presentations at the conference Biblical Hebrew and Rabbinic Hebrew: New Perspectives in Philology and Linguistics, which was held at the University of Cambridge, 8–10th July, 2019. The aim of the conference was to build bridges between various strands of research in the field of Hebrew language studies that rarely meet, namely philologists working on Biblical Hebrew, philologists working on Rabbinic Hebrew and theoretical linguists. This volume is the published outcome of this initiative. It contains peer-reviewed papers in the fields of Biblical and Rabbinic Hebrew that advance the field by the philological investigation of primary sources and the application of cutting-edge linguistic theory. These include contributions by established scholars and by students and early career researchers.

Perspectives on Historical Syntax

Carlotta Viti
Perspectives on Historical Syntax Book PDF

Author : Carlotta Viti
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027268938

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Perspectives on Historical Syntax by Carlotta Viti Pdf

This volume discusses topics of historical syntax from different theoretical perspectives, ranging from Indo-European studies to generative grammar, functionalism, and typology. It examines mechanisms of syntactic change such as reanalysis, analogy, grammaticalization, independent drift, and language contact, as well as procedures of syntactic reconstruction. More than one factor is considered to explain a syntactic phenomenon, since it is maintained that an accurate account of multiple causations, of both structural and social nature, is to be preferred to considerations of economy. Special attention is given to the relationship between principles of syntactic theory and a search for data reliability through the methods of corpus linguistics. Data are drawn from a variety of languages, including Hittite, Vedic, Ancient Greek, Latin, Romance, Germanic, Baltic, Slavic, Austroasiatic, Gulf of Guinea creoles. The book may be therefore of interest for specialists of these languages in addition to scholars and advanced students of syntax and historical linguistics.