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Author : Ronald A. Knowles
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : New business enterprises
ISBN : OCLC:1011716810
Author : David Wesley Balderson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Entrepreneurship
ISBN : OCLC:1012124715
Author : United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Small Business Problems in Smaller Towns and Urban Areas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1128 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Government property
ISBN : STANFORD:36105119642838
Author : United States. Agency for International Development. Office of Small Business
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 666 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1963
Category : Foreign trade promotion
ISBN : UCAL:B2909089
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Small business
ISBN : UIUC:30112105175308
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Small Business
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1708 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Legislative hearings
ISBN : UCAL:B3603602
Author : Pierre-Andre Julien
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-11-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429770265
Published in 1998. This text is designed as not only a summary of a number of years of reflections by many different researchers, but also a guide for future research and for continuing development of a theory of small business and its environment; a theory that will apply to small businesses everywhere and that will help them become what they hope to be in the 21st century.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on SBA and SBIC Authority, Minority Enterprise, and General Small Business Problems
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Federal aid to minority business enterprises
ISBN : PURD:32754078112657
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Small Business
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1088 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Small business
ISBN : UIUC:30112102078638
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1514 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1997-12-31
Category : Government purchasing
ISBN : NYPL:33433065449088
Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2010-12-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 082138628X
The World Bank, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Research Institute, and the Foundation for Advanced Studies on International Development (FASID), in collaboration with researchers affiliated with the African Economic Research Consortium (AERC), recently conducted a study on Africa s domestic enterprises to improve the understanding of the constraints micro and small enterprises in Africa face in improving productivity and expanding their markets. In Africa, there are stark performance gaps between domestically owned enterprises and foreign-owned enterprises in terms of sales performance, productivity, and ability to reach distant markets. Among others, size appears to be a dominant factor in explaining the gap. Against this background, the study analyzes how naturally formed industrial clusters concentrations of enterprises engaged in same or closely related industrial activities in specific locations could potentially mitigate constraints Africa s micro and small enterprises face and enhance their business performance. The study is one of the first comprehensive quantitative inquiries on industrial clusters in Africa. The analysis specifically focuses on the role of spontaneously grown clusters of light manufacturing industries based on a set of original case studies of industrial clusters conducted for this research project. One of the key findings from the case studies was that cluster-based micro and small enterprises are performing better than similar micro and small enterprises outside of the clusters in terms of sales performance and ability to reach distant markets. Market access is a leading reason for cluster-based enterprises to choose their current locations. However, cluster-based enterprises face another set of unique growth constraints. By the very nature of spontaneous agglomera tion, new enterprises continue to flow to the clusters seeking the profit opportunities and better access to markets at such locations. The result can be intense competition in addition to increased congestion. Space constraints often impede growth within clusters. The lack of alternative locations available for industrial activities in the same cities, generic infrastructure bottlenecks, and unclear zoning policies and their unpredictable changes limit firms location choices and constrain their mobility. While competition should improve efficiency, lack of capacity among those competing cluster-based enterprises to invest and innovate does not generate growth out of the competition. The vast majority of naturally formed clusters of light manufacturing industries in Africa are still at a survival level, where agglomeration externalities are only limited to expand quantity but not quality as we observe in more advanced innovation-oriented clusters in elsewhere in the world. Existing studies on such natural industrial clusters in Africa have found that the lack of managerial skills among entrepreneurs running micro and small enterprises is a major constraint for innovation and growth in the clusters. As a part of this study, pilot managerial skills training programs were conducted in two industrial clusters on an experimental basis, where a group of randomly selected entrepreneurs within the clusters were given three-week long crush course of based management such as bookkeeping, marketing, business planning, and production management. The impact evaluation of the experiments showed significant positive impacts of the training programs on value added and gross profits of enterprises. Raising the current survival-type industrial clusters, which have been formed as a coping mechanism to weak investment climate, into more dynamic innovating clusters will be an important avenue for fostering growth of micro and small enterprises in Africa. While national efforts to improve investment climate and investments in human capital are undoubtedly important, there could be more targeted policies to be formulated, in complementing general policies, to support growth of micro and small domestic enterprises using existing industrial clusters as a natural springboard for their growth. In that context, the study discusses the merit of cluster-based managerial human capital development to build steps toward more innovation-oriented clusters, the importance of sound spatial planning policy, particularly at the local level in the context of urban planning, the need to expand market access and economic linkages for industrial clusters including regional integration and linkages with large enterprises.
Author : Musset Pauline,Bloem Simone,Fazekas Mihály,Field Simon
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264200418
This report examines vocational education and training programmes in Austria, covering how they are changing, how they are funded, how they are linked to academic and university programmes and how employers and unions are engaged.
Author : United States. Supreme Court,John Chandler Bancroft Davis,Henry Putzel,Henry C. Lind,Frank D. Wagner
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 868 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1930
Category : Courts
ISBN : MSU:31293006085306
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Small Business
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1960
Category : Government competition
ISBN : LOC:00186997566
Considers AF Dept liquid oxygen production operations impact on private commercial manufacturers.
Author : Arnold S. Goldstein
Publisher : J.K. Lasser Institute
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : PSU:000025509571
