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Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781931233620
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Ilanthenral K.,Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2022-12-15
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Algebraic structures on linguistic sets associated with a linguistic variable are introduced. The linguistics with single closed binary operations are only semigroups and monoids. We describe the new notion of linguistic semirings, linguistic semifields, linguistic semivector spaces and linguistic semilinear algebras defined over linguistic semifields. We also define algebraic structures on linguistic subsets of a linguistic set associated with a linguistic variable. We define the notion of linguistic subset semigroups, linguistic subset monoids and their respective substructures. We also define as in case of deals in classical semigroups, linguistic ideals in linguistic semigroups and linguistic monoids. This concept of linguistic ideals is extended to the case of linguistic subset semigroups and linguistic subset monoids. We also define linguistic substructures.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781931233750
In this book the author analyzes the Smarandache linear algebra, and introduces several other concepts like the Smarandache semilinear algebra, Smarandache bilinear algebra and Smarandache anti-linear algebra. We indicate that Smarandache vector spaces of type II will be used in the study of neutrosophic logic and its applications to Markov chains and Leontief Economic models ? both of these research topics have intense industrial applications. The Smarandache linear algebra, is defined to be a Smarandache vector space of type II, on which there is an additional operation called product, such that for all a, b in V, ab is in V.The Smarandache vector space of type II is defined to be a module V defined over a Smarandache ring R such that V is a vector space over a proper subset k of R, where k is a field.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Ilanthenral K.,Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-23
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
In this book, authors, for the first time, introduce the new notion of special subset linguistic topological spaces using linguistic square matrices. This book is organized into three chapters. Chapter One supplies the reader with the concept of ling set, ling variable, ling continuum, etc. Specific basic linguistic algebraic structures, like linguistic semigroup linguistic monoid, are introduced. Also, algebraic structures to linguistic square matrices are defined and described with examples. For the first time, non-commutative linguistic topological spaces are introduced. The notion of a linguistic special subset of doubly non-commutative topological spaces of linguistic topological spaces is introduced in this book.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Ilanthenral K.,Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2023-10-01
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
This book extends the concept of linguistic coordinate geometry using linguistic planes or semi-linguistic planes. In the case of coordinate planes, we are always guaranteed of the distance between any two points in that plane. However, in the case of linguistic and semi-linguistic planes, we can not always determine the linguistic distance between any two points. This is the first limitation of linguistic planes and semi-linguistic planes.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781931233712
Generally the study of algebraic structures deals with the concepts like groups, semigroups, groupoids, loops, rings, near-rings, semirings, and vector spaces. The study of bialgebraic structures deals with the study of bistructures like bigroups, biloops, bigroupoids, bisemigroups, birings, binear-rings, bisemirings and bivector spaces. A complete study of these bialgebraic structures and their Smarandache analogues is carried out in this book. For examples: A set (S, +, *) with two binary operations ?+? and '*' is called a bisemigroup of type II if there exists two proper subsets S1 and S2 of S such that S = S1 U S2 and(S1, +) is a semigroup.(S2, *) is a semigroup. Let (S, +, *) be a bisemigroup. We call (S, +, *) a Smarandache bisemigroup (S-bisemigroup) if S has a proper subset P such that (P, +, *) is a bigroup under the operations of S. Let (L, +, *) be a non empty set with two binary operations. L is said to be a biloop if L has two nonempty finite proper subsets L1 and L2 of L such that L = L1 U L2 and(L1, +) is a loop, (L2, *) is a loop or a group. Let (L, +, *) be a biloop we call L a Smarandache biloop (S-biloop) if L has a proper subset P which is a bigroup. Let (G, +, *) be a non-empty set. We call G a bigroupoid if G = G1 U G2 and satisfies the following:(G1 , +) is a groupoid (i.e. the operation + is non-associative), (G2, *) is a semigroup. Let (G, +, *) be a non-empty set with G = G1 U G2, we call G a Smarandache bigroupoid (S-bigroupoid) if G1 and G2 are distinct proper subsets of G such that G = G1 U G2 (neither G1 nor G2 are included in each other), (G1, +) is a S-groupoid.(G2, *) is a S-semigroup.A nonempty set (R, +, *) with two binary operations ?+? and '*' is said to be a biring if R = R1 U R2 where R1 and R2 are proper subsets of R and (R1, +, *) is a ring, (R2, +, ?) is a ring.A Smarandache biring (S-biring) (R, +, *) is a non-empty set with two binary operations ?+? and '*' such that R = R1 U R2 where R1 and R2 are proper subsets of R and(R1, +, *) is a S-ring, (R2, +, *) is a S-ring.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781599731261
Interval Arithmetic, or Interval Mathematics, was developed in the 1950s and 1960s as an approach to rounding errors in mathematical computations. However, there was no methodical development of interval algebraic structures to this date.This book provides a systematic analysis of interval algebraic structures, viz. interval linear algebra, using intervals of the form [0, a].
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Florentin Smarandache,K. Ilanthenral
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781931233958
Generally any real-world problem is not always solvable, because in that not only a percentage of uncertainty is present, but also, a certain percentage of indeterminacy is present. The presence of uncertainty has been analyzed using fuzzy logic. In this book the amount of indeterminacy is being analyzed using neutrosophic logic.Most of these models use the concept of matrices. Matrices have certain limitation; when the models are time-dependent and any two experts opinions are being studied simultaneously, one cannot compare both of them at each stage. The new concept of bimatrices would certainly cater to these needs.A bimatrix AB = A1 U B2, where A1 and A2 are distinct matrices of arbitrary order. This book introduces the concept of bimatrices, and studies several notions like bieigen values, bieigen vectors, characteristic bipolynomials, bitransformations, bioperators and bidiagonalization.Further, we introduce and explore the concepts like fuzzy bimatrices, neutrosophic bimatrices and fuzzy neutrosophic bimatrices, which will find its application in fuzzy and neutrosophic logics.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781599730653
Super Linear Algebras are built using super matrices. These new structures can be applied to all fields in which linear algebras are used. Super characteristic values exist only when the related super matrices are super square diagonal super matrices.Super diagonalization, analogous to diagonalization is obtained. These newly introduced structures can be applied to Computer Sciences, Markov Chains, and Fuzzy Models.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781599731353
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781599732251
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Florentin Smarandache,K. Ilanthenral
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781599730295
Set linear algebras, introduced by the authors in this book, are the most generalized form of linear algebras.These structures make use of very few algebraic operations and are easily accessible to non-mathematicians as well.The dominance of computers in everyday life calls for a paradigm shift in the concepts of linear algebra. The authors believe that set linear algebra will cater to that need.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,Florentin Smarandache
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781599733333
In this book authors for the first time introduce the notion of special type of topological spaces using the interval [0, n). They are very different from the usual topological spaces. Algebraic structure using the interval [0, n) have been systemically dealt by the authors. Now using those algebraic structures in this book authors introduce the notion of special type of topological spaces. Using the super subset interval semigroup special type of super interval topological spaces are built.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy,G. Niculescu,M. Khoshnevisan
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Number theory
ISBN : 9781931233798
Papers concerning any of the Smarandache type functions, sequences, numbers, algorithms, inferior/superior f-parts, magic squares, palindromes, functional iterations, semantic paradoxes, Non-Euclidean geometries, manifolds, conjectures, open problems, algebraic structures, neutrosophy, neutrosophic logic/set/probability, hypothesis that there is no speed barrier in the universe, quantum paradoxes, etc. have been selected for this volume. Contributors are from Australia, China, England, Germany, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Morocco, Portugal, Romania, Spain, USA. Most of the papers are in English, a few of them are in Spanish, Portuguese, or German.
Author : W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache, D. Datta, H. S. Kushwaha, P. A. Jadhav
Publisher : Infinite Study
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781599731681
In this book the authors introduce and study the properties of natural class of intervals built using (-, ) and (, -). The operations on these matrices with entries from natural class of intervals behave like usual reals. So working with these interval matrices takes the same time as usual matrices. Hence, when applying them to fuzzy finite element methods or finite element methods the determination of solution is simple and time saving.