Social Capital As A Resource For Migrant Entrepreneurship
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Social Capital as a Resource for Migrant Entrepreneurship by Elena Sommer Pdf
In her explorative study that is based on data from 62 qualitative interviews, Elena Sommer examines the use of social capital for entrepreneurial activities of self-employed migrants from the former Soviet Union in Germany. She analyses what type of social capital is used by migrants as a resource for the formation and development of small businesses and how entrepreneurial social networks of migrants change over time. The study illustrates that the use of business-related social relationships of the interviewed self-employed depends on the company's market strategy as well as on access to relevant social networks.
De Gruyter Handbook of Migrant Entrepreneurship by Beata Glinka,Jörg Freiling Pdf
Given the strong migration trends in our society all over the years, this handbook addresses the upcoming topic of migrant entrepreneurship in all its colourful facets. Migration, ethnic minorities, and related phenomena are currently the subject of intensive scholarly discussion and a heated public debate. Migrant entrepreneurship is a powerful issue within this debate as it creates numerous chances for both migrants and societies - despite significant challenges. In 19 chapters scholars from different disciplines and countries shed light on the phenomenon of migrant entrepreneurship. Long traditions of studies have resulted in the diversity of topics and approaches applied by scholars, and the handbook offers a systematization of research efforts. It also aims to explore future research avenues by providing inspirations. Three types of readers can benefit from this handbook: researchers, professionals (including policymakers), and students from around the world.
Refugee Entrepreneurship by Sibylle Heilbrunn,Jörg Freiling,Aki Harima Pdf
Through a global series of case studies, this pioneering book delves into refugee entrepreneurship - a major economic, political and social issue emerging as a top priority. Stories from Australia, Germany, Pakistan and many other countries, highlight the obstacles facing refugees as they try to integrate and set up businesses in their new countries. Engaging contributions set the stage for a cross-analysis of the particularities and limitations faced by refugee entrepreneurs, culminating in an extended discussion about the future implications of refugee entrepreneurship for theory, policy and practice. This interdisciplinary book explores the motivations and drivers of refugee entrepreneurship, making it an insightful read not only for those engaged in entrepreneurship, but also for those interested in migration studies from a variety of academic disciplines.
Immigrant entrepreneurs in a changing institutional context by Aliaksei Kazlou Pdf
Immigrant entrepreneurs are known to be heterogeneous in terms of available resources and entrepreneurial outcomes. However, this heterogeneity, as well as immigrant entrepreneurs’ embeddedness in social networks and the institutional context of high-income welfare states such as Sweden, remains understudied. Sweden represents an interesting case as a popular immigration destination which liberalized its migration policy for entrepreneurs and changed other regulations, encouraging immigrant entrepreneurship after 2008. Theoretically, the dissertation contributes to the mixed embeddedness approach to immigrant entrepreneurship by considering three stages of the entrepreneurial process – entry, performance, and potential exit – in a changing institutional environment. Methodologically, the dissertation operationalizes the mixed embeddedness approach by studying these three stages – entry (propensity to start a business), performance (entrepreneurial incomes), and potential exit (duration in business) – among different categories of immigrants. Explanatory factors are drawn from three levels of analysis: institutional change (macro), social, ethnic and family networks (meso), and the individual’s human capital (micro). A range of statistical tools is used for empirical analyses: Difference-in-difference methods in combination with Coarsened Exact Matching and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition are used to investigate the influence of institutional change on entrepreneurial entry and performance. Survival models based on Cox regression are applied to investigate the influence of social and family ties on the likelihood of entrepreneurial exit. A combination of clustering and association analysis allows heterogeneity to be approached via the categorization of immigrant entrepreneurs. Empirically, based on rich data from Swedish registers, the dissertation reveals that the propensity to start businesses in expanding ICT industries among labour immigrants was increased, and performance in terms of income among new immigrant entrepreneurs was improved after institutional change, compared to earlier. It also stresses that family networks mitigate a lack of other resources for refugee entrepreneurs, allowing them to stay in business longer. Two main categories of new immigrant entrepreneurs were distinguished in the overall heterogeneous population. The dissertation consists of four papers and an introductory chapter. Invandrarföretagare uppvisar stor heterogenitet när det gäller tillgängliga resurser och framgång i sitt företagande. Denna heterogenitet, liksom invandrarföretagens inbäddning i sociala nätverk och i den svenska välfärdsstatens institutionella kontext, är emellertid understuderad. Sverige utgör ett intressant fall eftersom det är ett land med relativt stor invandring som efter 2008 liberaliserade migrationspolitiken för företagare och på olika sätt uppmuntrade invandrares företagande. Teoretiskt bidrar avhandlingen till mixed embeddedness-perspektivet genom att analysera tre stadier i entreprenörsprocessen: uppstart, utveckling och eventuell avveckling, i förhållande till institutionell förändring. Mixed embeddedness operationaliseras i avhandlingen genom att olika kategorier invandrare studeras vid olika steg i entreprenörsprocessen; uppstart (benägenhet att starta ett företag), utveckling (företagarinkomster) samt eventuell avveckling (varaktighet i företaget) och genom att förklarande faktorer studeras på tre analysnivåer: institutionell förändring (makro), sociala, etniska och familjenätverk (meso) samt individens humankapital (mikro). En rad statistiska verktyg används för de empiriska analyserna; Difference-in-difference-metoder i kombination med Coarsened Exact Matching och Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition används för att undersöka hur institutionella förändringar påverkar uppstart och utveckling. Överlevnadsmodeller baserade på Cox-regression tillämpas för att undersöka hur sociala nätverk och familjeband påverkar sannolikheten för avveckling. Med en kombination av klusteranalys och associationsanalys undersöks mönster i heterogeniteten bland invandrarföretagarna genom kategorisering. Empiriskt, baserat på detaljerade data från svenska register, visar avhandlingen att benägenheten att starta verksamhet inom IKT-branschen ökade bland arbetskraftsinvandrare, samt att inkomsterna bland nya invandrarföretagare förbättrades efter en period av institutionell förändring. Avhandlingen visar även att familjenätverk motverkar bristen på andra resurser för företagare med flyktingbakgrund, vilket gör att de kan stanna i verksamheten längre. Två huvudkategorier går att urskilja i den heterogena gruppen av företagare. Avhandlingen är en sammanläggning av fyra artiklar och en inledande kappa.
Social Capital and Entrepreneurship by Phillip H. Kim,Phillip Kim,Howard Aldrich Pdf
Social Capital and Entrepreneurship concludes by examining the tension between the properties of social networks used in entrepreneurship researchers' models and the limited perspective on networks available to practicing entrepreneurs.
Cases on Survival and Sustainability Strategies of Social Entrepreneurs by Oham, Charles Pdf
Social enterprises often do business in a hostile business environment as they compete for market share with the private sector and address societal and governmental failures. Strategy in social enterprises is concerned with the long-term direction of the business and the implementation of short-term objectives given their current operational challenges, such as a lack of funding, expertise, skills, knowledge, etc. Cases on Survival and Sustainability Strategies of Social Entrepreneurs focuses on how managers formulate a strategy to sustain the social enterprise venture and enable social entrepreneurs to understand and apply strategic management models whilst reviewing practical cases. This book discusses effective strategies social enterprises can adopt to secure their long-term future. Covering topics such as adaptive leadership, social innovation, and sustainable development, this book is ideal for social enterprise managers, trustees of charities, researchers, academicians, and students of social enterprises and management including business management.
The Making of Migrant Entrepreneurs by Dominic Zimmermann Pdf
Given the diversification of global migration patterns, the increased importance attributed to knowledge and innovation for economic development, and the rise of social policy regimes that emphasise self-responsibility, migrant entrepreneurship has become a widely discussed form of migrant incorporation in both policy and social sciences. Particularly in North America and Europe, policy advisors have drafted special programmes and regulations aimed at self-employed migrants, while social scientists have also come up with a vast body of research, although it has not been exempt from certain controversies and biases. Migrant entrepreneurship has frequently been associated either with rags-to-riches success stories or with unremunerative hard work and marginalised social positions. Also, a great deal of research has strongly and consistently focused on entrepreneurial cultures and ethnic bonds related to ethnic entrepreneurship, and consequently other forms of migrant self-employment have been given only given scant attention. Yet, more recently, other aspects, including institutional embeddedness and gender, have become important focal points of research studies and have opened up new, promising avenues to explore the phenomenon. This book offers a comprehensive up-to-date overview of the research area covering migrant entrepreneurship and self-employment, in addition to investigating the skills of migrant entrepreneurs departing from the question: which migrants become self-employed, the highly skilled ones (due to their excellence) or the ones with a low skill endowment (because they cannot find a satisfying employment in the labour market)? Moreover, the included case study on highly skilled Peruvian migrant micro-entrepreneurs in Switzerland demonstrates the complex interplay of elements at work before and during the business foundation, such as an unsatisfying socio-economic integration, the search for social recognition and agency, the reconfiguration of gender roles, and the availability of resources to exploit transnational business opportunities.
Jan Rath (Editor of this Special Issue), Ana Luísa Coutinho, Beatriz Padilla, Belkis Oliveira,Bernard Dinh,Catarina Reis Oliveira,Daniel Hiebert,Emmanuel Ma Mung, Jan Rath, João Peixoto,Jock Collins,Jorge Malheiros,José Menéndez,Luísa Valle,Manuel Brandão Alves, Maria Beatriz Rocha-Trindade,Miguel Santos Neves,Monder Ram,Panos Hatziprokopiou,Peter Ramsden,Sérgio Mateo Sanchez, Sikander Badat, Susana Figueirinha,Thomas Jaegers,Trevor Jones,Vasco Soares, Zita Carvalho
Author : Jan Rath (Editor of this Special Issue), Ana Luísa Coutinho, Beatriz Padilla, Belkis Oliveira,Bernard Dinh,Catarina Reis Oliveira,Daniel Hiebert,Emmanuel Ma Mung, Jan Rath, João Peixoto,Jock Collins,Jorge Malheiros,José Menéndez,Luísa Valle,Manuel Brandão Alves, Maria Beatriz Rocha-Trindade,Miguel Santos Neves,Monder Ram,Panos Hatziprokopiou,Peter Ramsden,Sérgio Mateo Sanchez, Sikander Badat, Susana Figueirinha,Thomas Jaegers,Trevor Jones,Vasco Soares, Zita Carvalho Publisher : ACIDI, I.P. Page : 287 pages File Size : 48,5 Mb Release : 2008-10-01 Category : Social Science ISBN : 8210379456XXX
Immigrant Entrepreneurship by Jan Rath (Editor of this Special Issue), Ana Luísa Coutinho, Beatriz Padilla, Belkis Oliveira,Bernard Dinh,Catarina Reis Oliveira,Daniel Hiebert,Emmanuel Ma Mung, Jan Rath, João Peixoto,Jock Collins,Jorge Malheiros,José Menéndez,Luísa Valle,Manuel Brandão Alves, Maria Beatriz Rocha-Trindade,Miguel Santos Neves,Monder Ram,Panos Hatziprokopiou,Peter Ramsden,Sérgio Mateo Sanchez, Sikander Badat, Susana Figueirinha,Thomas Jaegers,Trevor Jones,Vasco Soares, Zita Carvalho Pdf
This Special Issue aims to provide an extensive mapping of policies in the promotion of ethnic entrepreneurship in a number of countries. It is motivated by the desire of national and municipal Governments to create an environment conducive to setting up and developing SMEs in general and immigrant businesses in particular. Furthermore it also highlights how the third sector has also had a crucial role in the reinforcement of immigrant entrepreneurship, and provides indications of how best to address this issue at a Governmental level in the future.
Author : Leo Paul Dana Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing Page : 849 pages File Size : 44,7 Mb Release : 2007 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9781847209962
Handbook of Research on Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurship by Leo Paul Dana Pdf
Professor Dana and his colleagues have carefully and successfully put together a collection of chapters on ethnic minority entrepreneurship from all parts of the world. The book comprises eight parts and 49 chapters. Undoubtedly, given the massive size and content of a 835-page book, it is fair to ask, is it value for money? The answer is unequivocally yes! A further comment on the content of the book should probably reassure potential readers and buyers of the book. . . This collection is undoubtedly rich, creative and varied in many respects. Therefore, it will be of great benefit to researchers and scholars alike. . . I will strongly recommend this book to researchers, students, teachers and policy-makers. Aminu Mamman, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research The volume presents an impressive panorama of studies on ethnic entrepreneurships ranging from Dalits in India to Roma entrepreneurs in Hungary. B.P. Corrie, Choice From a focus on middle-man minorities in the 1950s, the study of minority ethnic entrepreneurship has evolved into a vast undertaking. A major ingredient in this expansion is the massive population movements of the past thirty years that have created ethnic minority communities in almost all advanced economies. From New York to San Francisco, from Birmingham to Hamburg, from the Chinese in Canada, to the Turks in Finland, to the Ghanians in South Africa to the Lebanese in New Zealand, more than twenty chapters in this volume treat small-scale ethnic entrepreneurship and the cultural and institutional resources which support it. At the other end of the spectrum, the ethnic Chinese have created ever larger multi-divisional enterprises in the host societies of Southeast Asia. At the mid-point of the spectrum, analyzed in an elegant paper by Ivan Light, is the recently identified transmigrant entrepreneur accultured in two societies but assimilated in neither whose special endowments have provided the lynchpin for for much of the international trade expansion in the global economy over the past decade. And Dana and Morris provide us with much more Afro-American entrepreneurship, caste and class, the theory of clubs, women ethnic entrepreneurs, minority ethnicity and IPOs. In the quality of its contributions and in the reach of its coverage, this Handbook attains a very high standard. Peter Kilby, Wesleyan University, US The new Handbook of Research on Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurship, edited by Léo-Paul Dana, constitutes a major contribution to the literature on ethnic enterprise. Unlike previous work, which tended to focus on one country or one region of the world, this book is global in scope. You will find chapters on America, Europe, and Asia, as well as integrative essays that review important principles and concepts from the literature on ethnic entrepreneurship. I particularly appreciate the historical and evolutionary framework within which the contributions are situated. This book belongs on the shelf of everyone who has an interest in immigration and entrepreneurship or ethnic entrepreneurship more generally. Howard Aldrich, University of North Carolina, US This exhaustive, interdisciplinary Handbook explores the phenomena of immigration and ethnic minority entrepreneurship in light of marked changes since the mid-twentieth century and the advent of easier, more affordable travel and more open and integrated national economies. The international contributors, key experts in their respective fields, illustrate that myriad ethnic minorities exist across the globe, and that their entrepreneurship can and does significantly influence national economies. The contributors go on to promote our understanding of which factors make for successful entrepreneurship, and, perhaps more importantly, how negative political consequences that members of successful entrepreneurial ethnic minorities might face can be minimized. This extensive collection of current research on entrepr
Social Capital, Political Participation and Migration in Europe by L. Morales,M. Giugni Pdf
How can European societies more effectively promote the active engagement of immigrants and their children in the political and civic life of the countries where they live? This book examines the effect of migrants' individual attributes and resources, their social capital and the political opportunities on their political integration.
Migrant Entrepreneurship delivers an understanding of up-to-date knowledge on the topic of migrant entrepreneurship, addressing the most relevant gaps, and suggesting new directions for research and policy-making so as to have a broad impact on theory and practice.
Refugee and Immigrant Entrepreneurship by Mustafa Atilla Arıcıoğlu,Özdal Koyuncuoğlu,Abdullah Oktay Dündar Pdf
Due to political and economic instability in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries, an increasing number of inhabitants continue to migrate to other countries. From here, they either join employment or become refugee or immigrant entrepreneurs. Such developments carry risks such as integration problems, but there are also significant opportunities. This book takes a deep dive into those challenges and potential prospects, and places special emphasis on Türkiye, a region that is significantly impacted by migration from Syria, Afghanistan, Pakistan and other African countries. Chapters explore the various issues around refugee and immigrant entrepreneurs within their host countries. Authors offer analysis of the difficulties experienced by such entrepreneurs in economic and socio-cultural contexts. Including various field examples using qualitative and quantitative research methods and economic implications using macro analysis, the book offers policy recommendations, examines the opportunities of refugee and immigrant entrepreneurship in Türkiye and explores the benefits to Türkiye from a holistic perspective.
Global Migration, Entrepreneurship and Society by Natalia Vershinina,Peter Rodgers,Mirela Xheneti,Jan Brzozowski,Paul Lassalle Pdf
Global Migration, Entrepreneurship and Society seeks to develop a much-needed theoretical and policy-related set of writings that can cast light on the workings and complexities of processes of global migration, entrepreneurship and societal integration.
De Gruyter Handbook of Migrant Entrepreneurship by Beata Glinka,Jörg Freiling Pdf
Given the strong migration trends in our society all over the years, this handbook addresses the upcoming topic of migrant entrepreneurship in all its colourful facets. Migration, ethnic minorities, and related phenomena are currently the subject of intensive scholarly discussion and a heated public debate. Migrant entrepreneurship is a powerful issue within this debate as it creates numerous chances for both migrants and societies - despite significant challenges. In 19 chapters scholars from different disciplines and countries shed light on the phenomenon of migrant entrepreneurship. Long traditions of studies have resulted in the diversity of topics and approaches applied by scholars, and the handbook offers a systematization of research efforts. It also aims to explore future research avenues by providing inspirations. Three types of readers can benefit from this handbook: researchers, professionals (including policymakers), and students from around the world.
Immigrant Entrepreneurs by Ivan Light,Edna Bonacich Pdf
A decade in preparation, Immigrant Entrepreneurs offers the most comprehensive case study ever completed of the causes and consequences of immigrant business ownership. Koreans are the most entrepreneurial of America's new immigrants. By the mid-1970s Americans had already become aware that Korean immigrants were opening, buying, and operating numerous business enterprises in major cities. When Koreans flourished in small business, Americans wanted to know how immigrants could find lucrative business opportunities where native-born Americans could not. Somewhat later, when Korean-black conflicts surfaced in a number of cities, Americans also began to fear the implications for intergroup relations of immigrant entrepreneurs who start in the middle rather than at the bottom of the social and economic hierarchy. Nowhere was immigrant enterprise more obvious or impressive than in Los Angeles, the world's largest Korean settlement outside of Korea and America's premier city of small business. Analyzing both the short-run and the long-run causes of Korean entrepreneurship, the authors explain why the Koreans could find, acquire, and operate small business firms more easily than could native-born residents. They also provide a context for distinguishing clashes of culture and clashes of interest which cause black-Korean tensions in cities, and for framing effective policies to minimize the tensions.
