Social Movements Law And The Politics Of Land Reform

Author : George Meszaros
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-08-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781135908720

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Social Movements, Law and the Politics of Land Reform by George Meszaros Pdf

Social Movements, Law and the Politics of Land Reform investigates how rural social movements are struggling for land reform against the background of ambitious but unfulfilled constitutional promises evident in much of the developing world. Taking Brazil as an example, it unpicks the complex reasons behind the remarkably consistent failures of its constitution and law enforcement mechanisms to deliver social justice. Using detailed empirical evidence and focusing upon the relationship between rural social struggles and the state, the book develops a threefold argument: first, the inescapable presence of power relations in all aspects of the production and reproduction of law; secondly their dominant impact on socio-legal outcomes; and finally the essential and positive role played by social movements in redressing those power imbalances and realising law’s progressive potentialities.

Author : Doctor Ambreena Manji
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781848137530

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The Politics of Land Reform in Africa by Doctor Ambreena Manji Pdf

Across Africa land is being commodified: private ownership is replacing communal and customary tenure; Farms are turned into collateral for rural credit markets. Law reform is at the heart of this revolution. The Politics of Land Reform in Africa casts a critical spotlight on this profound change in African land economy. The book illuminates the key role of legislators, legal consultants and academics in tenure reform. These players exert their influence by translating the economic and regulatory interests of the World Bank, civil society groups and commercial lenders in to questions of law. Drawing on political economy and actor-network theory The Politics of Land Reform in Africa is an indispensable contribution to the study of agrarian change in developing countries.

Author : Gabriel Ondetti
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780271047843

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Land, Protest, and Politics by Gabriel Ondetti Pdf

Brazil is a country of extreme inequalities, one of the most important of which is the acute concentration of rural land ownership. In recent decades, however, poor landless workers have mounted a major challenge to this state of affairs. A broad grassroots social movement led by the Movement of Landless Rural Workers (MST) has mobilized hundreds of thousands of families to pressure authorities for land reform through mass protest. This book explores the evolution of the landless movement from its birth during the twilight years of Brazil&’s military dictatorship through the first government of Luiz In&ácio Lula da Silva. It uses this case to test a number of major theoretical perspectives on social movements and engages in a critical dialogue with both contemporary political opportunity theory and Mancur Olson&’s classic economic theory of collective action. Ondetti seeks to explain the major moments of change in the landless movement's growth trajectory: its initial emergence in the late 1970s and early 80s, its rapid takeoff in the mid-1990s, its acute but ultimately temporary crisis in the early 2000s, and its resurgence during Lula's first term in office. He finds strong support for the influential, but much-criticized political opportunity perspective. At the same time, however, he underscores some of the problems with how political opportunity has been conceptualized in the past. The book also seeks to shed light on the anomalous fact that the landless movement continued to expand in the decade following the restoration of Brazilian democracy in 1985 despite the general trend toward social-movement decline. His argument, which highlights the unusual structure of incentives involved in the struggle for land in Brazil, casts doubt on a key assumption underlying Olson's theory.

Author : Jennifer Conroy Franco
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Land reform
ISBN : UOM:39015063161536

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Making Property Rights Accessible by Jennifer Conroy Franco Pdf

Author : Marta Cehelsky
Publisher : Westview Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1979-05-17
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105035466205

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Land Reform In Brazil/h by Marta Cehelsky Pdf

Monograph on political system relationships to land reform agricultural policy in Brazil - analyses rural area social structure, peasant movements, the agricultural sector and role of landowner elites in the political development policy of the presidency, political behaviour of interest groups and efficacy of Brazilian democracy. Bibliography pp. 239 to 251.

Author : Hank Johnston
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429885662

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Social Movements, Nonviolent Resistance, and the State by Hank Johnston Pdf

This volume probes the intersections between the fields of social movements and nonviolent resistance. Bringing together a range of studies focusing on protest movements around the world, it explores the overlaps and divergences between the two research concentrations, considering the dimensions of nonviolent strategies in repressive states, the means of studying them, and conditions of success of nonviolent resistance in differing state systems. In setting a new research agenda, it will appeal to scholars in sociology and political science who study social movements and nonviolent protest.

Author : Sidney M. Milkis,Daniel J. Tichenor
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780226569420

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Rivalry and Reform by Sidney M. Milkis,Daniel J. Tichenor Pdf

Few relationships have proved more pivotal in changing the course of American politics than those between presidents and social movements. For all their differences, both presidents and social movements are driven by a desire to recast the political system, often pursuing rival agendas that set them on a collision course. Even when their interests converge, these two actors often compete to control the timing and conditions of political change. During rare historical moments, however, presidents and social movements forged partnerships that profoundly recast American politics. Rivalry and Reform explores the relationship between presidents and social movements throughout history and into the present day, revealing the patterns that emerge from the epic battles and uneasy partnerships that have profoundly shaped reform. Through a series of case studies, including Abraham Lincoln and abolitionism, Lyndon Johnson and the civil rights movement, and Ronald Reagan and the religious right, Sidney M. Milkis and Daniel J. Tichenor argue persuasively that major political change usually reflects neither a top-down nor bottom-up strategy but a crucial interplay between the two. Savvy leaders, the authors show, use social movements to support their policy goals. At the same time, the most successful social movements target the president as either a source of powerful support or the center of opposition. The book concludes with a consideration of Barack Obama’s approach to contemporary social movements such as Black Lives Matter, United We Dream, and Marriage Equality.

Author : Joshua B. Forrest
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 589 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2021-08-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781538154519

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Local Autonomy as a Human Right by Joshua B. Forrest Pdf

Local Autonomy as a Human Right contends that local communities struggle to preserve their territorial autonomy over time despite changes to the broader political and geographic contexts within which they are embedded. Forrest argues that this both reflects and is evidence of a worldwide embrace of local control as a key political and social value, indeed, of such importance that it should be embraced and codified as a human right. This study weaves together evidence grounded in a variety of disciplines - history, geography, comparative politics, sociology, public policy, anthropology, international jurisprudence, rural studies, urban studies -- to make clear that a presumed, inherent moral right to local self-determination has been manifested in many different historical and social contexts. This book constructs a compelling argument favoring a human right to local autonomy. It identifies practical factors that help to account for the relative success of communities that are able to assert local control over time. Here, particular attention is paid to whether localities are able to generate policy and organizational capacity. Forrest suggests that a focus on local policy and organizational capacity can help to explain why some communities attempting to assert greater local control are more successful than others. Local Autonomy as a Human Right contributes to scholarly debates regarding the varied impacts of globalization, with the place-based perspective and moral emphasis on territorial-centered rights put forth herein offering a necessary counter-narrative to the often-presumed predominance of global forces.

Author : Manisha Desai
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2015-09-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317382799

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Subaltern Movements in India by Manisha Desai Pdf

Social struggles in India target both the state and private corporations. Three subaltern struggles against development in Gujarat, India, succeeded, to varying degrees, due to legalism from below and translocal solidarity, but that success has been compromised by its gendered geographies. Based on extensive field research, this book examines the reasons for the three social movements succeess. It analyses the contradictory reality of the deepening of democracy along with coercive state measures in the era of neoliberal development, the importance of the legal changes in the state, the nature of the local fields of protest, and the translocal field of protest in contemporary subaltern protests. Addressing gender inequalities within and outside the struggle, the author shows that despite subaltern women having symbolic visibility in the public spaces of the struggles – such as rallies, protests, and meetings with government officials – they are absent from the private spaces of decision-making and collective dialogues. This book offers a new approach on the politics of social movements in contemporary India by discussing the nuanced relationship between development and democracy, social justice and gender justice. It will be of interest to academics in the field of Development and Gender studies, Studies of social movements and South Asian Studies.

Author : Trung Dang
Publisher : ANU Press
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781760461966

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Vietnam’s Post-1975 Agrarian Reforms by Trung Dang Pdf

This book investigates why collectivised farming failed in south Vietnam after 1975. Despite the strong will of the new regime to implement collectivisation, the effort was uneven, misapplied and subverted. After only 10 years of trying, the regime annulled the policy. Focusing on two case studies—Quảng Nam province in the Central Coast region and An Giang province in the Mekong Delta—and based on extensive evidence, this study argues that the reasons for variations in implementation and the failure and reversal of the policy were twofold: regional differences and local politics.

Author : Marc Edelman,Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Agricultural laborers
ISBN : 1552668177

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Political Dynamics of Transnational Agrarian Movements by Marc Edelman,Saturnino M. Borras Pdf

"The prayers of those of us who have long hungered for a comprehensive, historically deep, learned and accessible account of international agrarian movements have finally been answered in full. We will long be in debt to Edelman and Borras for this exceptional and lasting contribution to agrarian scholarship." - James C. Scott, founding Director, Yale University Agrarian Studies Program, author of The Art of Not Being Governed

Author : Javier A. Galván
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2020-08-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9798216118411

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Modern Brazil by Javier A. Galván Pdf

This book is a crucial reference source for high school and undergraduate college students interested in contemporary Brazil. While it provides a general historical and cultural background, it also focuses on issues affecting modern Brazil. In recent years, Brazil has come onto the world stage as an economic powerhouse, a leader in Latin America. This latest addition to the Understanding Modern Nations series focuses on Brazil's culture, history, and society. This volume provides readers with a wide understanding of Brazil's historical past, the foundation for its cultural traditions, and an understanding of its social structure. In addition, it provides a look into contemporary society by highlighting both national accomplishments and challenges Brazilians face in the twenty-first century. Specific chapters cover geography; history; government and politics; economy; religion; social classes and ethnicity; gender, marriage and sexuality; education; language; etiquette; literature and drama; arts and architecture; music and dance; food; leisure and sports; and media, cinema, and popular culture. Entries within each chapter look at topics such as cultural icons, economic inequalities, race and ethnicity, soccer, politics, environmental conservation, and women's rights. Ideal for high school and undergraduate students, this volume paints a panoramic overview of one of the most powerful countries in the Americas.

Author : Femke Brandt,Grasian Mkodzongi
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789004362550

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Land Reform Revisited by Femke Brandt,Grasian Mkodzongi Pdf

The rich empirical material presented in Land Reform Revisited engages with timely debates about land use, land reform, neoliberal state planning, power relations and questions of identity and belonging in post-apartheid South Africa.

Author : Derek Hall,Philip Hirsch,Tania Li
Publisher : Challenges of the Agrarian Tra
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822038186128

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Powers of Exclusion by Derek Hall,Philip Hirsch,Tania Li Pdf

Questions of who can access land and who is excluded from it underlie many recent social and political conflicts in Southeast Asia. Powers of Exclusion examines the key processes through which shifts in land relations are taking place, notably state land allocation and provision of property rights, the dramatic expansion of areas zoned for conservation, booms in the production of export-oriented crops, the conversion of farmland to post-agrarian uses, “intimate” exclusions involving kin and co-villagers, and mobilizations around land framed in terms of identity and belonging. In case studies drawn from seven countries, the authors find that four “powers of exclusion”—regulation, the market, force and legitimation—have combined to shape land relations in new and often surprising ways. Land debates are often presented as a conflict between market-oriented land use with full private property rights on the one side, and equitable access, production for subsistence, and respect for custom on the other. The authors step back from these debates to point out that any productive use of land requires the exclusion of some potential users, and that most projects for transforming land relations are thus accompanied by painful dilemmas. Rather than counterposing “exclusion” to “inclusion,” the book argues that attention must be paid to who is excluded, how, why, and with what consequences. Powers of Exclusion is a path-breaking book that draws on insights from multiple disciplines to map out the new contours of struggles for land in Southeast Asia. The volume provides a framework for analyzing the dilemmas of land relations across the Global South and beyond.

Author : Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher : University of Ottawa Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2007-09-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780776617718

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Pro-poor Land Reform by Saturnino M. Borras Pdf

Using empirical case materials from the Philippines and referring to rich experiences from different countries historically, this book offers conceptual and practical conclusions that have far-reaching implications for land reform throughout the world. Examining land reform theory and practice, this book argues that conventional practices have excluded a significant portion of land-based production and distribution relationships, while they have inadvertently included land transfers that do not constitute real redistributive reform. By direct implication, this book is a critique of both mainstream market led agrarian reform and conventional state-led land reform. It offers an alternative perspective on how to move forward in theory and practice and opens new paths in land policy research.